Personality Development

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Personality Development

• Erik Erikson

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Erik Erikson

• In each stage a person faces certain conflicts
  and challenges.
• People must modify their personalities in order
  to adjust successfully to their social
  environments
• Begin in childhood
• A childs success in the early stages depends
  largely on their parents
• An ongoing process that is never final

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Trust vs. Mistrust

• Trust
• o        Respond quickly
• o        Holding
• o        Cuddling
• o        Playing
• o        Talking to them
• o        Love them
• o        Care for them

• Mistrust
• Receive inconsistent care
• Receive little love and attention
• Fear and suspicion toward the world and everyone
  in it

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Trust vs. Mistrust

• TRUST!
• These infants see the world as a safe place and
  other people as helpful and dependable

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Autonomy vs, Shame

• 2 to 3 yrs old

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Autonomy

• ü       Develop a sense of independence
• ü       Developing minds of their owns
• ü       SAYING NO!
• ü       Allow children to practice new motor
  skills, want to do everything themselves
• ü       Let them practice life skills and make
  simple choices
• ü       Gives a sense that they can control their
  own behavior and their environment
• ü       Builds confidence
• They will look forward to meeting greater
  challenges

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Shame

• ü       Not allowing children to do things for
  themselves
• ü       Doubt their abilities
• ü       Always critizeing and scolding children
  for not being perfect
• ü       Question their worth and their abilities
  to control themselves and their world.
• View themselves and the world in shame and doubt.

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Initiative vs. Guilt

• Four and five year olds

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Initiative

• Often initiate activities
• Spend time imaging what they want to do, then
  think of ways to do those things.
• Children need to know their ideas, questions,
  and concepts matter to others
• Children need chances to create play ideas and
  put them into action

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Guilt

• ü       Parents scold instead encourage
• ü       Childrens play ideas are not praised
• ü       Belittle and ridicule children
• ü       Punishing children foe acting on their
  ideas
• ü       No encouragement to think or be creative
• ü       Parents convey to children that their
  ideas are not valuable or worthwhile
• The child will feel less confident

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Industry vs. Inferiority

• 6 to 11
• C Children capable of deductive reasoning
• ü       Learn to follow rules
• ü       Become interested in how things are made,
  how they work, and what they do
• ü       Parents are no longer the only influence
  on stages friends,

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Industry

• ü       Capacity to make a productive effort.
• ü       What parents can do
• o        Encourage children to do, make, or build
  projects
• o        Stress importance of seeing a task
  through to completion
• Praise and reward them for their efforts

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Inferiority

• ü       Feel incapable of succeeding in their
  efforts
• ü    Discouraged from doing and making things on
  their own
• ü       Not praised for their accomplishments,
  dont feel like they can do anything right.
• ü       May passively accept failure or misbehave
  to compensate

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