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• Pakistan and Afghanistan
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Pakistan
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Capital Islamabad
Federal Republic
GDP 427.3 Billion
2,500 per captia
1.00 USD 83.2850 PKR (Pakistan Rupees)
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Physical Landscape of Pakistan

• Located in the Indus River Valley
• Hindu Kush Mountains in the North
• K2 Worlds 2nd tallest peak
• Kybher Pass and Bolan Pass are paths in the Hindu
  Kush region. Invasion routes that Pakistan uses
  to protect itself
• Climate is mostly hot and dry but the further in
  the mountains it gets colder

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K2
Karakoram Valley
Baltoro Glacier
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The People

• Population 176,242,949
• Population Growth Rate 1.947
• Birth Rate 27.62
• Death Rate 7.68
• Life Expectancy 64.49 years
• Literacy Rate 49
• Total Years in School 7 years

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Culture of Pakistan

• Nationality Pakistani
• Religions Muslim 95 (Sunni 75, Shia 20),
  other (includes Christian and Hindu) 5
• Languages Punjabi 48, Sindhi 12, Siraiki (a
  Punjabi variant) 10, Pashtu 8, Urdu (official)
  8, Balochi 3, Hindko 2, Brahui 1, English
  (official lingua franca of Pakistani elite and
  most government ministries), Burushaski, and
  other 8

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Badshahhi Masjid near Lahore, Pakistan
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Afghanistan
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Capital Kabul
Islamic Republic
GDP 22.27 Billion
700 per capita
1 USD 47.49 AFN (Afghani)
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Physical Landscape of Afghanistan

• Landlocked country (no water outlet to the ocean)
• Variety of climate cold in the north in the
  Hindu Kush mountain region, dry climate in the
  south
• Fresh water supplies are limited
• Afghanistan has many natural mineral resources
  however, those resources are untapped due to
  political warfare and Soviet invasions

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Hindu Kush Mountains
Amu Darya River
Kabul City Landscape
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The People

• Population 28.396 million
• Population Growth Rate 2.629
• Birth Rate 45.46
• Death Rate 19.18
• Life Expectancy 44.64 years
• Literacy Rate 28.1
• Total years in school 8 years (Boys 11, Girls
  4)

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Culture of Afghanistan

• Nationality Afghan
• Religions Sunni Muslim 80, Shia Muslim 19,
  other 1
• Languages Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 50,
  Pashto (official) 35, Turkic languages
  (primarily Uzbek and Turkmen) 11, 30 minor
  languages (primarily Balochi and Pashai) 4, much
  bilingualism

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Women in Afghanistan

• Through Islamic and Taliban rule, women were deny
  the right to own property, education, and
  employment. Women were shun from society as being
  labeled disruptive.
• Today, only 5 of women are able to read. Many
  girls were sold as sex slaves or wives to Taliban
  fighters.
• Malnutrition is very high throughout the female
  population in Afghanistan because women were
  forced to take smaller portions so that the man
  and the children would have enough food.
  Malnutrition has also caused high infant
  mortality rate.
• After Sept. 2001, the United Nations has created
  programs to allow women an opportunity to work in
  bakeries and other domestic fields.

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Refugees in Afghanistan

• There are many displaced people pouring into
  Pakistan from Afghanistan due to political
  conflict and severe drought.
• Many people do not have access to water, and are
  forced to move to other places to find water.
• 23 years of civil wars has also caused many
  people to move to different locations.

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Refugee Camps are developing along the border of
Afghanistan and Pakistan. The cultural and
territorial difference is causing constant
turmoil between the two groups of people.