The Systems Development Life Cycle and Information Engineering:

1
The Systems Development Life Cycle and
Information Engineering
Slides 3

• An Introduction

2
Systems Development Life Cycle A Logical
Framework

• A systematic and orderly approach to solving
  systems problems
• Defines the phases that are essential to any
  systems development project

3
Stages of the Systems Development Life Cycle
Planning
Analysis
Design
Construction
4
Information Engineering

• Implements the SDLC framework
• An integrated set of methodologies designed to
  create and operate an information system for the
  organization as a whole or for a significant part
  such as a division, rather than on an ad-hoc,
  project-by-project basis
• It is data-centered and relies on fully
  normalized data models (a picture of database)

5
Information Engineering (cont.)

• These data models are kept in computerized form,
  and workstations use computerized tools (e.g.,
  COOLGen Oracle Designer) to build applications
  that use the data
• Although IE is data-centered, it is also a
  process-sensitive
• The overall strategy is model-driven systems
  development (the MO in MOTE)

6
Modeling

• A model is a representation of reality
• Systems analysts try to understand a business by
  drawing pictures or models of the business and
  its workings.
• Three primary types of models (1) a data model,
  (2) activity models, and (3) interaction models

7
Types of Models

• Data model One type is the ERD that depicts data
  (entities, attributes) and the relationships
  enforcing business rules between entities.
• The primary goal is to accurately portray the
  fundamental elements of the business information
  system.
• The data model is implemented as a database in a
  developed system (central to the IS)

8
ERD with Normalization
9
Types of Models

• Activity models Records the activities of
  interest to the business (i.e., the things the
  business does or should do)
• Involves decomposition of business processes from
  the highest level (AMP of Resources, Conversion
  Processes, MSC Processes) to the lowest
  (elementary processes)
• Also involves the specification of process
  dependency events, to refine decomposition of the
  processes

10
Figure 6AHD Partial Business Function
Decomposition
11
Types of Models

• Interaction models Define how things the
  business does (activities/events) affect things
  of interest to the business (data)
• The REAL model, to be introduced in the next set
  of slides, is an interaction model
• Faculty at OU have combined the IE notation of an
  interaction model with the accounting REAL model
• Interaction modeling provides a detailed basis
  for the next stage of systems development, which
  is systems design.

12
Business Modeling In Planning and Analysis An
Overview of the MIS Approach
ERD
Data Model

PADs, PLD, ELC
Interaction Models
SystemsDesign
Activity Models
AHD, ADD
13
Analysis Tasks with REAL Interaction Modeling
AHD, ADD
Activity Analysis
REA
Interaction Analysis 1
PADs, PLD, ELC
ERD
Systems Design
Data Analysis
Interaction Analysis 2
14
InformationWeek Online

• Business Snapshot (main link) Business modeling
  tools help companies align their business and
  technology goals (and related link Business
  modeling delivers twofold benefits)
• http//www.informationweek.com/730/30iubus2.htm

15
InformationWeek Online Discussion Questions
Main Link

• According to some adopters, what are the
  advantages of business modeling?
• What were the IT problems that Belk Stores was
  experiencing?
• How were these problems solved?

16
InformationWeek Online Discussion Question
Related Link

• What advantages did business modeling bring for
  Williams Field Services?