Interdependence of Living Things

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Interdependence of Living Things

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Producers

• Organisms that have the ability to produce their
  own energy (autotrophs).
• Most producers use the suns energy to make food
  (photosynthesis).
• Plants make up the largest group of producers.

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Consumers

• Organisms that cannot make their own food.
• They must obtain energy from other living things
  (heterotrophs).
• All animals are consumers.

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Decomposers

• Organisms that obtain a majority of their energy
  from wastes and dead organisms.
• Natures recyclers.
• Considered consumers.
• Examples bacteria, fungi, worms, maggots)

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Herbivores

• Organisms that only eat plants.
• Rabbits, cows, horses.

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Carnivores

• Organisms that only eat meat.
• Lions, Owls, Hawks

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Omnivore

• Organisms that feed on both plants and animals.
• Bears, raccoons, robins

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Detritivores

• Organisms that feed on tiny bits of decaying
  matter called detritus
• Millipedes,beetles

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Food Chains

• Simple model showing how matter and energy pass
  from one organism to another
• Always starts with producers (plants) who get
  their energy from the sun
• 2nd step in chain are primary consumers that eat
  producers (herbivores)
• 3rd step in chain are secondary consumers that
  either eat primary consumers or producers.
• 4th step in chain are tertiary consumers or top
  predators that feed primarily on primary and
  secondary consumers.

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What does a food chain look like?
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Where does the energy come from?

• The sun provides most life on earth energy
• Plants use the process called photosynthesis to
  make food
• Light energy chemical energy (food)

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Energy loss

• When a herbivore eats, only 10 of energy from
  plants becomes body mass
• Remaining 90 is lost to carry out life processes
  (movement, digestion, reproduction) as waste
• When carnivore eats herbivore only 1 of original
  amount of energy is used

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Abiotic biotic factors

• Abiotic factors are non-living things in the
  environment ex. soil, water, rocks, sunlight.
• Biotic factors are living things in the
  environment ex. animals, plants, bacteria.