Misplaced Modifier Practice

1
Misplaced Modifier Practice

• Dressed in polka dots, the cow chased the little
  girl.
• Driving through the fence, the concrete pillar
  was struck by a car.
•  
• Looking in the mirror, the dress was torn. 

2
Exploration Activity

• Write half a page describing the location you
  receive as if you are seeing it for the first
  time.
• Do not using its name!
• Describe the objects or events of this place as
  if you have never seen them before.
• Describe the place to the members of your group
  and see if they can guess what it is.

3
Cabeza de Vaca

• 1490?-1557?
• Spanish Explorer, slave, trader, and shaman,
  anthropologist, surgeon
• Had some crazy travels and encounters with
  natives
• Gave first-hand accounts of his crazy travels
  (essentially he made continual Facebook posts
  that no one could see).

4
His Crazy Journey!

• Narvaez 400-600 soldiers leave Spain
• Narvaez is leading expedition
• De Vaca 2nd in command.
• Hit by hurricane in Cuba
• Land in Florida/Claim for Spain
• Narvaez and de Vaca split up
• Fight natives/Nearly starve/live off flesh of
  horses/Lose more than ½ soldiers
• Build rafts, head back to Cuba

5
Shipwreck!

• Storm/current from the Mississippi River
• Narvaez and his men are never found
• De Vaca 60 men survive, wash up in Texas
• Only 15 survive winter
• Eventually its just de Vaca, 2 other Spaniards
  (Alonso del Castillo Maldonando, Andrés Dorantes
  de Carranca) and an African Slave (Estevanico)

6
Held Captive!

• They get captured by natives, held captive for
  several YEARS
• De Vaca performs first surgery in Texas History
• Natives consider him a medicine man/Shaman
• He learns how to trade

7
Free At last!

• They escape!
• Wander around Texas trying to reach Spanish
  settlement in Mexico City
• De Vacas reputation as a healer causes natives
  to follow him around.
• They also will give him supplies for survival.
• This is where our story begins.

8
Reading Activity

• Read Cabeza de Vacas A Journey Through Texas
  on Pg.32 and answer the following questions using
  examples from the text.
• What were the three biggest challenges faced by
  de Vaca and his group?
• What do you think caused the deaths of the 8
  natives mentioned in the forth paragraph?
• What is de Vacas purpose for chronicling his
  experiences? Why was it important?
• In your opinion, how do the natives respond
  to/feel about the Spaniards? Why?
• Based on how de Vaca describes the natives, how
  would you characterize the Spaniards?

9
Modifiers-Choose the sentence that is
written correctly.

• Kneeling on the floor, the kitten played with the
  boy.
• Rainbow Row is a famous setting in Charleston,
  SC, painted by many.
• Sitting on the porch, we are discussing our
  childhoods.
• She moved to a condo, living in the city.

10
Modifiers-Choose the sentence that is written
correctly.

• The apple pie, homemade by Grandmother, won the
  contest.
• Riding bikes on the bumpy road, my head began
  hurting.
• Eating the blueberry pie, our hands were turning
  blue.
• Polished in the tumbling machine, we loved the
  smooth rocks.

11
Modifiers-Choose the sentence that is written
correctly.

• Puzzled by the data, the scientist did more
  research.
• The hawk, sitting on the pole, watched for prey.
• He chose the man standing at the back.
• Hit by the tornado, the weatherman assessed the
  damage.

12
Christopher Columbus

• 1451-1506
• Genoa, Italy
• Pretty Famous
• Italian explorer, navigator, and colonizer.
• Life Goal Sail around the world to Asia by going
  West

13
Financing his Journey

• 1st- takes it to King John II of Portugal
• Rejected!
• Heads back to Italy
• No interest!
• Sends his brother, Bartholomew to England. . .
• Denied!
• Goes to Spain to meet with Queen Isabella and her
  husband Ferdinand.

14
Isabella Y Ferdinand

• 1486-Columbus first comes to them
• Hes rejected.
• Like the others, they believed the idea too
  risky.
• They kept him on retainer.
• 6 years later, finally agree to finance his
  journey.
• He gets rights to any land he conquers
• 10 of all wealth from those lands

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Sailing the Ocean blue

• August 3, 1492- set sail for Asia/India
• Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
• Sail for a month, his crew loses faith
• October 12
• Finally reaches The Bahamas, believes it to be
  island of coast of India, claims it for Spain.
• Names it San Salvador
• Believes his biggest accomplishment is spreading
  Christianity
• THIS IS WHERE our STORY BEGINS!!!
• 9 days after he arrives in San Salvador

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Its a Journal!!!

• SUBJECTIVE!
• Biased!
• Records events but also reflects beliefs, ideas,
  and feelings of the author.
• He planned to publish it when he returned to
  Spain
• Why?? What is his motive???
• (Keep in mind how hard it was for him to gain
  financial support for this journey)

17
Facebook Activity

• In news feed area
• Include events from the authors narrative (de
  Vaca pg 32) (Columbus pg 62)
• Include pg
• Ex. Im trying to sleep away from the natives but
  they keep following me. (pg. 33)
• In Information area
• Include info on author found on de Vaca (pg 30)
  and Columbus (pg. 60)
• In Friends section
• Include any characters involved in their
  narrative
• Make sure anything included is backed up with
  info in the text!

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Activity

• Write about your most heroic experience
• BUT embellish it to make it as heroic as humanly
  possible.
• To embellish- to make a statement or story more
  interesting or entertaining by adding extra
  details, esp. ones that are not true
• Write only in third person!
• Ex. Mr. Moore did this.
• Heres my example

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John Smith

• 1580-1631
• Adventurer, writer, mapmaker, and EGOTIST.
• Part of first English settlement in America
• 3rd President of Jamestown 1608-09
• Fascinated readers of time period with his first
  hand accounts of his own experiences, which were
  not always true

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Jamestown

• English Settlement 1606
• Paid for by Virginia Company of London
• Wanted a return profit
• Gave ships to Captain Christopher Newport
• Also gave him sealed orders on governing counsel
  not to be opened until they landed
• On voyage, Smith is arrested for mutiny
• Set to be hanged upon arrival
• BUT on arrival, Newport opens the sealed
  governing counsel order and
• VoilàSmith is on the governing counsel and has
  to be released.

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Our Story

• Historical/Colonization Narrative
• Keep Smiths tone in mind.
• Kind of confusingCaptain Smith writes in 3rd
  person.
• Motive- Not exploration, not religious freedom,
  but purely in search of wealth
• Describes difficulties of first settlement
• Challenge of living near natives
• Struggles to find/preserve food
• Pocahontas!

22
Breaking down Long-Sentences

• Being thus left to our fortunes, it fortuned
  that within ten days scarce ten amongst us could
  either go, or well stand, such extreme weakness
  and sickness oppressed us.

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Ellipses

• . . .
•  A series of dots that indicate the omission of a
  word, sentence, or whole section that is not
  necessary for comprehension
• A passage of time
• Note these.

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Roles

• Captain John Smith-Ludi
• Jamestown Settlement
• Wingfield- Blue
• Ratcliffe- Taylor
• Pamunkee
• George Cassen-Bobby
• 300 Bowmen-
• Robinson and Emry-Armani and Zach
• King Opechancoanough- David
• Werowocomoco
• Powhatan- Kyree
• Pocahontas- Lauren

25
While you read The General History of Virginia
pg. 72

• On your own paper
• Make note of passages you do not understand
• Take notes summarizing plot events
• Ex. Wingfield deposed pg. 73
• Take notes when you find any information that
  indicates Smiths tone
• Ex. Arrogant- pg. 74 Good words, and fair
  promises
• Take notes when you find anything that shows
  historical or cultural/religious info
• Ex. Smith believes God convinced natives to give
  them food Pg. 73

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On the back of your daily Rhetoric sheet

• Write this down
• LOGOSlogical appeal. Facts/figures/statistics/evi
  dence
• PATHOSEmotional Appeal. Emotions/reactions the
  speaker wants from the audience
• ETHOSEthical Appeal. The speaker establishing
  credibility/Making the audience trust/believe them

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Groups

• Rate your level of comprehension from 1-5, 5
  being the highest
• Group up according to
• Compare the notes you took
• Help each other comprehend confusing parts
• Keep in mind the type of notes that helped
• Forming a new sheet with some of the best
  questions
• Write names of group members
• Turn in at end of class.

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Real Life Rhetorical Application

• Situation Your best friend is in a bad
  relationship and you want to convince them that
  they should get out of it. This person is very
  sensitive about this topic and got angry last
  time you brought it up.
• Purpose
• This should be clear to the person.
• Audience
• What traits does this person have that could help
  you?
• How might they respond to your arguments?
• Appeals
• Use all three appeals. (Ethos, Pathos, Logos)
• Repetition
• Use one stylistic repetition similar to if you
  see something, say something.

29
Smith Revisited

• First settler to realize power of creating
  history
• The founding father of American Lit.
• First Author Protagonist
• Our first look into one of the most important
  concepts of American Literature The Creation of
  Self

30
What do John smith, Huck Finn, Rocky Balboa, Jay
Gatsby, Tony Montana (Scarface), and Cinderella
have in common?
31
The American Archetype

• What is it???
• Archetype (n)-the original pattern or model of
  which all things of the same type are
  representations or copies. (syn- Prototype)
• Example of an Archetypal character
• Hero- Beowulf
• Wise old man- Yoda
• Villain- Voldemort
• This particular archetype is the great American
  Hero
• The American Dream

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The American Dream

• Humble Beginnings
• Big Dreams / Life Changing Event
• Self-Creation / Self-Reinvention
• Success
• American Excess / Unruly Behavior
• Tragic Fall / Fall from Grace

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Why Does this Matter?

• Infinite Hope for a Better future.
• It is still relevant.
• American Self-Creation or Reinvention
• You Can Do It!
• Actually, you already do it everyday
• I hope you live a life you're proud of, and if
  you're not, I hope you have the courage
  to start all over again. F. Scott Fitzgerald

34
William Bradford

• 1590-1657, Yorkshire
• Intelligent and Courageous
• Separatist escaping religious persecution
• Helped found Mass. Bay Colony.
• 2nd Leader
• Reelected 30 times over 30 years

35
Pilgrims

• Left England in 1620 because
• Similar to Puritans
• Being persecuted by Church of England
• Wanted religious freedom
• Considered the Church corrupt
• Pilgrim Beliefs
• God/Bible determines/explains everything
• Importance of Community
• Initially compassionate
• Value of hard work
• Very Thankful to God

36
Our Story

• Begins on the Mayflower, heading for America
• 102 People (Many Pilgrims, other are hired
  workers/servants with different religious
  beliefs)
• Winter / Rough seas / Scurvy
• Narrative Account
• Firsthand or Secondhand?
• Third Person POV
• They / Them, not I / We
• Historically, pretty accurate

37
  Of Plymouth Plantation 1st Period
Historical Events   Rough seas, but landed in Cape Cod 2/3 months, half are dead (about 50 people) 6-7 people are healthy
Factual Information   John Howland falls off ship, holds rope, survives. Only 1 person died on voyage Killed by cold, disease
Subjective Bias   Respect for Healthy pilgrims who help others Selfish, Conceited, Cold, careless, weak-minded, petty Favors Pilgrims over others.
Religious Beliefs/ Culture  Always about the Community (PC) Committed to the will of God (RB) Keep language or story telling to minimum God responsible for safety and health (RB) Compassionate/helpful Reward of going to heaven (RB)
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1st Period Of Plymouth Plantation Day 2
Feelings towards Natives Natives were initially distant, scared of pilgrims Natives stole tools from the Pilgrims Eventually more helpful Exchange gifts, seem peaceful. Make peace agreement
Native Characters Samoset- Speaks broken English, from East, helpful Squanto- From Mass. Are, went to England, returns the stolen tools, introduces the pilgrims to Chief Massasoit, A gift from God (shows that they felt protected/guided by God). Told them where to find what they would need to survive. Fish and such. Chief Massasoit- Made peace agreement
Tone Serious, calm, believable, factual, informative.
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  Of Plymouth Plantation 5th Period
Significant Historical Events  Landed in Mass.  Myles Standish- Captain of Mayflower
Factual Information On The Mayflower, leaky. John Howland- Fell off ship, hold on to rope, survives One person died on journey 2-3 months, half of people died (Pilgrims) About 50 people left, 6-7 people healthy, Bradford sick Winter, disease, scurvy
Subjective Bias Respects those healthy people who help others. (81) He believes those that help others should be remembered. Passengers do not share/help others. Deserted one another.  Believes others are abandoning previously close friends These others are not compassionate, petty, selfish
Religious Beliefs/ Pilgrim culture Everything happens according to Gods Will (RB) Importance of community and contributing to it. (PC) Puritan Plain Style. Keep it short. Keep it simple. Out of Gods good providence (80) Believe it is important to help others. Rewarded by being with the lord after death
40
  Of Plymouth Plantation 7th Period
Historical Events   Rough seas, but landed in Cape Cod 2/3 months, half are dead (about 50 people) 6-7 people are healthy and providing for group.
Factual Information   John Howland- fell, grabbed rope, survived, thanks God 1 person died on voyage Killed by Disease
Subjective Bias   Respected The helpful people (6-7) Did not respect those that were not Puritans Description of non-Puritans selfish and dont help
Religious Beliefs/ Pilgrim Culture  Always about the Community(PC) Committed to the word of God (RB) Keep language or story telling to minimum (PPS) GOD responsible for safety and health (RB) 1. they survived journey 2. saved Howland 3. Upheld 6-7 helpers Compassionate/helpful Reward after death Being with the Lord (RB)
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5th Period Of Plymouth Plantation Day 2
Interaction with Natives Initially, the Indians were distant, not friendly, timid Indians stole Pilgrims tools Begin to . . . Cooperate Arrange Gathering, exchange gifts, peace treaty (agreement)
Native Characters Samoset- informative, knowledgeable, helpful, Speaks broken English. Squanto- Speaks English well, went to England, from Mass. Brought back stolen tools, introduces them to Chief Massasoit, a special instrument sent from GOD (84) Chief Massasoit- Peaceful, cooperative.
Tone Serious, truthful, believable, factual.
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5th Period Of Plymouth Plantation Day 2
Feelings towards Natives
Native Characters
Tone
43

• But in examining of all opinions, the master and
  others affirmed they knew the ship to be strong
  and firm under water and for the buckling of the
  main beam, there was a great iron screw the
  passengers brought out of Holland, which would
  raise the beam into his place the which being
  done, the carpenter and master affirmed that with
  a post put under it, set firm in the lower deck
  and otherways bound, he would make it sufficient.