Defibrillator Implants:

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Defibrillator Implants
Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation

• Bruce Murdoch PhD CHP CLSO
• Argonne National Laboratory
• Argonne, IL USA
• btmurdoch_at_anl.gov
• AIHce 2011, Portland OR Roundtable
  Session RT 201

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Typical ICD Device

• Dimensions 2 X 2.5 X 0.2

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Implant Placement

• EM Vulnerabilities
• Leads
• Control Unit
• Failure Modes
• False Trigger
• Stopping

Source www.defibrillator-help.com
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CASE STUDY Where? APS
(Advanced Photon Source) Who?
Accelerator Operator w/ICD Why?
Work Clearance
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APS Control Room
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Manufacturer Test Standard

• ANSI/AAMA PC69 - 2007

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Typical Manufacturer (Medtronic) Exposure Limit
Recommendations

• Static B-Field B 0.5 mT (5G)
• 50/60 Hz B 0.1 mT (1G)
• 
  E 6000 V/m
• 10 kHz B 1.25 mT (12.5 G)
• R-F E-Field ( 150 kHz) E 100 V/m

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ACGIH 2010 TLV Book Exposure Limit
Recommendations

• Static B-Field B 0.5 mT (5G)
• ELF (5 Hz2kHz) B 0.1 mT (1G)
• VLF (2kHz400 kHz) No recommendation
• R-F (100 kHz3GHZ) E 3-10 V/m

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Static B-Fields

• MetroLab
• Model ETM-1
• 3-Axis Magnetometer

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ELF

• Holaday HI-3627
• ELF Magnetic Field Meter
• w/ HI-3602 Probe
• 30 Hz 2 KHz

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VLF

• Holaday HI-3637
• VLF Magnetic Field Meter
• w/ HI-3091 Probe
• 2kHz 400 KHz

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R-F

• Narda NBM-520
• RF Survey Meter
• w/ EF3091 E-Field Probe
• 100 kHz 3 GHz

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Spectrum Coverage
RF
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The Instrument Ensemble
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Survey Plan

• Daily Control Room work area
• Weekly maintenance walkthroughs
• ESH Coordinator guidance
• 84 specific survey locations plus area sweeps
• Full spectrum survey at each location

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Control Room Displays and Instruments
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Control Room Panels
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RF Distribution System
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Electrical Panels

• ELF, VLF B 0.1 G
• RF E 4 V/m

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Electrical Distribution Room

• ELF B 0.4 G _at_ 6 inches from transformer
• RF E 4 V/m

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Mezzanine RF System

• Freq 325 MHz
• E(RF) up to 3.5 V/m _at_ 6 in.

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Power Control Systems
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Pulser Power Transformers
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Pulser Power Transformers
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RF Distribution Waveguides

• Freq 325 mHz

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Klystron Gallery

• Freq 2.865 Mhz

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Linac Klystrons

• Freq 2.8565 GHz
• E(RF) 2 V/m _at_ 1 ft

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Case Study Results

• Employee barred from
• Fundamental RF Room 7 V/m RF
• Electrical Distribution Room 4 V/m RF
• Cautions
• Some instrument racks 4 V/m RF _at_
  12
• Some waveguides 3.5 V/m
  RF _at_ 12

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Credits

• Technical Assistance
• Mary Malik
• Adam Sauter
• Photography
• George Joch
• Edmund Chang