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Ultrasound in Medicine

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Title: Ultrasound in Medicine


1
Ultrasound in Medicine
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2
References
  • Physical Principles of Medical Ultrasonics
  • C.R.Hill, J.C.Bamber, G. R. ter Haar John
    Wiley Sons, 2004
  • Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging and Blood Flow
    Measurements
  • K. Kirk Shung Taylor Francis 2006
  • Ultrasound in Medicine Edited by F.A.
    Duck, A.C. Baker, H.C.Starritt Institute of
    Physics Publishing 1997
  • Principles of Medical Imaging K.K.Shung,
    M.B.Smith, B.M.W. Tsui Academic Press 1992

3
References
  • Biomedical Ultrasonics P.N.T. Wells
    Academic Press 1977-
  • Ultrasonic Instrumentation D.A. Christensen
    John Wiley 1988
  • Doppler Ultrasound Principles and Instruments
    F.W. Kremkau 1995

4
CHAPTER 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Historical Background
  • 1.2 Physical Nature of Acoustic Wave Motion
  • 1.3 Properties of Isotropic Media
  • 1.4 Equations Governing Wave Propagation in
    Fluids
  • 1.5 Propagation in Liquid and Solid Media
  • 1.6 Impedance, Energy Density, Intensity and
    Radiation Pressure
  • 1.7 Reflection and Refraction
  • 1.8 Elements of Diffraction
  • 1.9 Attenuation, Absorption, Scattering and
    Dispersion

5
CHAPTER 2 Theoretical Basis for Field
Calculations
  • 2.1 The Rayleigh-Sommerfeld Diffraction Equations
  • 2.2 The Rayleigh Integral
  • 2.3 Angular Spectrum Method

6
CHAPTER 3 Field Profile Analysis
  • 3.1 Angular Spectrum Method
  • 3.2 Integral Methods
  • 3.3 Impulse Response Method
  • 3.4 Approximate Methods
  • 3.5 Concave and Convex Transducers
  • 3.6 Annular Ring, Annulus and Conical Transducers
  • 3.7 Line, Strip, Triangular and Rectangular
    Elements
  • 3.8 Transducer Apodization
  • 3.9 Effects of Attenuation

7
CHAPTER 4Nonlinear Ultrasonics
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Lagrange and Eulerain Coordinate Systems
  • 4.3 High Amplitude 1-D Waves in an Inviscid
    Medium
  • 4.4 Speed of Sound for Adiabatic Conditions
  • 4.5 Reduced Equations
  • 4.6 Sinusoidal Excitation
  • 4.7 Harmonic Content
  • 4.8 Shock Wave Formation
  • 4.9 Effects of Nonlinearity, Diffraction and
    Attenuation
  • 4.10 Numerical Methods and Results

8
CHAPTER 5 Scattering of Ultrasound
  • 5.1 Spherical and Cylindrical Representations of
    a Plane Wave
  • 5.2 Scattering Cross-Sections
  • 5.3 Exact Analysis Boundary Value Method
  • 5.4 Integral Equation Methods
  • 5.5 Matrix Methods
  • 5.6 Time Domain Scattering Equations
  • 5.7 Pulse-Echo Response
  • 5.8 One-Dimensional Scattering
  • 5.9 Scattering by Distributions

9
CHAPTER 6Ultrasound Transducers
  • 6.1 The Direct and Inverse Piezoelectric Effect
  • 6.2 Characteristic Piezoelectric Equations
  • 6.3 Ceramic and Polymer Materials
  • 6.4 Methods for Enhancing the Performance
  • 6.5 One-Dimensional Transducer Models
  • 6.6 Application of the KLM Model
  • 6.7 Transient Response
  • 6.8 Protection Circuits
  • 6.9 Noise Considerations

10
CHAPTER 7 Ultrasound Imaging I
  • 7.1 Historical Background
  • 7.2 Properties of Imaging Arrays
  • 7.3 Arrays for 2- and 3-D Imaging
  • 7.4 Summary of Design Factors
  • 7.5 Array Field Synthesis

11
CHAPTER 8 Ultrasound Imaging II
  • 8.1 Theory of B-Mode Imaging
  • 8.2 Image Speckle
  • 8.3 Resolution, Contrast and SNR in Imaging
    Systems
  • 8.4 Coded Transmission Systems
  • 8.5 Synthetic Aperture Systems
  • 8.6 Nonlinear Imaging
  • 8.7 Ultrasound Computed Tomography
  • 8.8 Ultrasound Elastography
  • 8.9 Ultrasound Microscopy and Biomicroscopy

12
CHAPTER 9 Principles of Doppler Ultrasound
  • 9.1 Historical Background
  • 9.2 Ultrasonic Transit-Time and Phase-Delay
    Method
  • 9.3 Doppler Equation for Moving Scatterers
  • 9.4 CW Doppler Systems
  • 9.5 CW Doppler Spectrum and its Relation to Flow
    Profile
  • 9.6 Characteristics of the Doppler Signal
  • 9.7 CW Spectral Broadening

13
CHAPTER 10 Pulsed Methods for Flow Velocity
Estimation and Imaging
  • 10.1 Historical Background
  • 10.2 Ultrasonic Transit-Time and Phase-Delay
    Method
  • 10.3 Simplified Theory
  • 10.4 Cross-Correlation Time-Shift Methods
  • 10.5 Multigate Pulsed Methods
  • 10.6 CW and Pulsed Wave Flow Imaging
  • 10.7 Pulsed Wave Color Flow Imaging
  • 10.8 Volumetric Flow Measurement Methods
  • 10.9 Vector Velocity Methods

14
CHAPTER 11 High Power Ultrasound
15
Some Related Journals
  • IEEE Transaction on Ultrasound, Ferroelectric and
    Frequency control
  • Ultrasonics
  • Journal of Acoustic Society of America
  • Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology
  • Ultrasonic Imaging
  • European Journal of Ultrasound

16
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