PEDIATRIC NURSING Caring For Children and Their Families

1
PEDIATRIC NURSINGCaring For Children and Their
Families

• MODULE 1

2
What is Pediatric Nursing?

• Caring for children and families
• Promoting health and wellness through
• Clinical practice
• Education
• Research
• Advocacy

3
Special Competencies

• Medication dosage calculation
• Pediatric-specific skills
• Neonatal, infant and child resuscitation
• Play therapy
• Family-centered care
• Developmentally appropriate care and communication

4
Peds Nursing Issues

• Safety of culture and environment
• Access to healthcare
• Divorce, abuse, drug use- exposure in home
• Lack of prenatal care and appropriate screenings
• Violence and bullying in school

5

• Injury and accidents
• Nutrition and obesity rates eating disorders
• Peer pressure, drug and alcohol use
• Sexual activity and rates of STD and teen
  pregnancy
• Mental health
• Child abuse and neglect

6
Care Settings

• Acute care- hospital setting
• Critical care hospital unit
• Specialty clinics for children with special needs
• Public health department
• School
• Home health and hospice care
• Primary care facilities

7
Definition or Family

• Family is who they say they are
• Biological
• Legal
• Emotional
• Two or more persons
• Nuclear, alternative, adoptive, foster, and group

8
Growth and Development

• Growth vs Development
• Freud
• Erickson
• Paiget
• Kohlberg- moral (wont focus on)

9
Communication

• Techniques
• Verbal
• Nonverbal
• Purpose??

10

• Infant
• Toddlers
• Preschoolers
• School age
• Adolescent

11
Emotional Factors

• Separation anxiety
• Stranger anxiety
• Tantrums
• Depression
• Self image
• Insecurity

12
Safety/Accident Prevention

• Environmental
• Equipment
• Medication
• Anticipatory guidance
• Risk factors

13
Pain Management

• Nonpharmacologic
• Pharmacologic
• Non-opioid
• Opioid

14
Anatomic Differences

• Respiratory
• Small, short, narrow airways
• Obligatory nosebreathers

15

• Skin
• Larger body surface area
• Increase fluid loss
• Problems with temp regulation

16

• Cardiac
• Increased heart rate
• Congenital anomalies
• Decreased blood pressure
• Increased oxygen demand
• Increased metabolic demand

17

• Renal
• Kidneys less able to concentrate urine
• Increased specific gravity
• Small changesbig consequences
• Differing lab values by age group
• Small bladder capacity
• Prevent UTI
• 1-2mL/kg/hr

18

• GI
• Feces changes based on diet and age
• Dietary inclusions
• Allergies
• Congenital disorders

19

• Neuro
• Primitive reflexes
• Replaced slowly with gross and fine motor movement

20

• Hematology
• Rapid heart rate and higher hematocrit increase
  oxygen delivery
• Lab results vary by age group

21

• Immune
• Need acquired immunity in infancy
• Immunizations
• Immature immune system

22

• Musculoskeletal
• Spurts and lulls
• Mastery of motor skills is influenced by
  environment and stimulation
• Highly individualized

23

• Endocrine
• Inability to regulate blood glucose levels for
  first few years