Fast Pyrolysis as an Ethanol Conversion Alternative Tim Geary CFR 521

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Fast Pyrolysis as an Ethanol Conversion
AlternativeTim GearyCFR 521
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Fast Pyrolysis as an Ethanol Conversion
Alternative

• Fast Pyrolysis Overview
• Levoglucosan Uses
• Maximizing Levoglucosan Yield
• Separations
• Traditional Lignocellulosic ? EtOH
• Economic Analysis

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Fast Pyrolysis Overview

• Thermal decomposition
• No O2
• 400-600 C
• lt 2 s
• Bio-oil

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Fast Pyrolysis Overview
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Fast Pyrolysis Overview
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Fast Pyrolysis Overview
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Fast Pyrolysis as an Ethanol Conversion
Alternative

• Fast Pyrolysis Overview
• Levoglucosan Uses
• Maximizing Levoglucosan Yield
• Separations
• Traditional Lignocellulosic ? EtOH
• Economic Analysis

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Levoglucosan Uses

• C6H10O5 (LG)
• Particulates molecular tracer
• Chemical industry
• Intermediate synthesis of sugar derivatives
• Research tool configuration
• Specialty Adhesives
• Saccharification
• Organic acids
• Ethanol!

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Fast Pyrolysis as an Ethanol Conversion
Alternative

• Fast Pyrolysis Overview
• Levoglucosan Uses
• Maximizing Levoglucosan Yield
• Separations
• Traditional Lignocellulosic ? EtOH
• Economic Analysis

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Maximizing Levoglucosan Yield

• Alkali/AE catalyze cell ? hydroxyacetaldehyde
• Pretreatment options
• Acid hydrolysis
• Soak biomass in 5 wt H2SO4 _at_ 100C for 2h, rinse
  DI
• Hemicellulose ? pentose, remove alkali
• More expensive, complicated, sticky
• Demineralization
• Wash biomass in 0.25 wt HNO3 _at_ 25C
• Dissolve alkali w/o hydrolyzing LC
• Demin. w/ pyrolysis catalyst ((NH4)2SO4)

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Maximizing Levoglucosan Yield
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Fast Pyrolysis as an Ethanol Conversion
Alternative

• Fast Pyrolysis Overview
• Levoglucosan Uses
• Maximizing Levoglucosan Yield
• Separations
• Traditional Lignocellulosic ? EtOH
• Economic Analysis

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Separations
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Separations (1967)
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Separations (1995)
LLE
Remove heavy tars
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Fast Pyrolysis as an Ethanol Conversion
Alternative

• Fast Pyrolysis Overview
• Levoglucosan Uses
• Maximizing Levoglucosan Yield
• Separations
• Traditional Lignocellulosic ? EtOH
• Economic Analysis

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Traditional Lignocellulosic ? EtOH
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Traditional Lignocellulosic ? EtOH
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Fast Pyrolysis as an Ethanol Conversion
Alternative

• Fast Pyrolysis Overview
• Levoglucosan Uses
• Maximizing Levoglucosan Yield
• Separations
• Traditional Lignocellulosic ? EtOH
• Economic Analysis

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Economic Analysis
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Economic Analysis
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Economic Analysis
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References

• K.S. So and R. C. Brown, Economic Analysis of
  Selected Lignocellulose-to-Ethanol Conversion
  Technologies. Iowa State University, 1999.
• Bridgewater, An Overview of Fast Pyrolysis of
  Biomass. Aston University, 1999.
• Moens, US Patent Isolation of LG fron LC
  Pyrolysis Oil Derived from Wood or Waste
  Newsprint. Midwest Research Institute, 1995.
• Brown, Pretreatment Processes to Increase
  Pyrolytic Yield of LG from Herbaceous
  Feedstocks. Iowa State University, 2001.
• Zhuang, Identification, characterization of LG
  kinase... Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2002.