PAST PARTICIPLES AND THE PERFECT TENSES

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PAST PARTICIPLES AND THE PERFECT TENSES
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PAST PARTICIPLES

• Past participles are words like eaten,
  fallen, found, arranged, left, denied
• They are a verb form that can be used as an
  adjective OR as part of a perfect tense

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PAST PARTICIPLES

• In Spanish, past participles are formed by
  dropping the -ar and adding ado, or the -er,
  -ir and adding -ido
• Examples
• comer (to eat)
• comido (eaten)
• hablar (to speak)
• hablado (spoken)

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• More examples
• vender (to sell)
• vendido (sold)
• casar (to marry)
• casado (married)
• barrer (to sweep)
• barrido (swept)
• cansar (to tire, wear out)
• cansado (tired)

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• Not ALL past participles are formed by adding
  ado or ido.
• Some are irregular!
• Do you know what past participles the following
  verbs take?
• abrir morir
• cubrir poner
• descubrir resolver
• decir romper
• hacer ver
• escribir volver

muerto puesto resuelto
roto visto vuelto
abierto cubierto descubierto
dicho hecho escrito
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• PAST PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES

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• When past participles act as adjectives,
• they must agree with the noun they modify
• The house was sold. (vender)
• La casa fue vendida.
• Rebecca is tired in the morning. (cansar)
• Rebecca está cansada por la mañana.
• The light is turned off. (apagar)
• La luz está apagada.

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El DVD debe ser rebobinado. (rebobinarto rewind)
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Las vacas están usadas.
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• Ahora te toca a ti!
• 1. The car was washed. (lavar)
• 2. The waitress was fired. (despedir)
• 3. The reserved room is mine. (reservar).
• 4. I have my plans arranged. (arreglar).

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• 1. El coche fue lavado.
• 2. La mesera (camarera fue despedida.
• 3. La habitación reservada es mía.
• 4. Tengo mis planes arreglados.

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• Now try the following irregular verbs. They STILL
  must agree with the noun they modify
• The broken window is your fault. (romper)
• La ventana rota es tu culpa.
• My grandparents are dead. (morir)
• Mis abuelos están muertos.
• The table is set. (poner)
• La mesa está puesta.

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• PAST PARTICIPLES AS PART OF THE PERFECT TENSES

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PERFECT TENSES

• In Spanish, a perfect tense just means
  has/have/had done, for example I have eaten.
• All perfect tenses are formed as follows
• HABER PAST PARTICIPLE
• (to have) (done)

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• Present tense of HABER is as follows
• yo nosotros/as
• tú
• él, ella ellos, ellas,
• Ud. Uds.
• This is translated as I have done, you have
  done, he has done, we have done, they have done

hemos han
he has ha
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• Past tense of HABER is as follows
• yo nosotros/as
• tú
• él, ella ellos, ellas,
• Ud. Uds.
• This is translated as I had done, you had done,
  he had done, we had done, they had done

había habías había
habíamos habían
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• NEVER change the past participle when its part
  of a perfect tense. Verbs dont have gender, only
  nouns and adjectives.

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• Examples
• I have traveled. (viajar)
• He viajado.
• I had traveled.
• Había viajado.
• We have returned. (volver) ojo!
• Hemos vuelto.
• They had fastened... (poner) ojo!
• Habían puesto.

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But, how can I remember that the PERFECT tenses
mean to have done something?
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(No Transcript)
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OH, PERFECT! NOW YOUVE DONE IT!

• Get it? Perfect tense is you have done
  something. This will help you remember what
  perfect tense means!