Chinese Civil War

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Chinese Civil War Korean War
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Chinese Civil War

• Chiang Kai-shek
• Unified the Nationalists in southern China
• Received about 3 billion in aid from the U.S.

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Chinese Civil War

• Mao Zedong
• Leader of Communists in northern China
• Wanted to make all of China communist.
• Financial aid from Soviet Union.

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Civil War

• Civil war broke out as early as 1946
• By 1949 Nationalists were losing
• Nationalists forced off of mainland China and
  onto Taiwan REPUBLIC OF CHINA
• Mao Zedong controlled Peoples Republic of
  CHINA, with communism.

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WHY DID THE U.S. CARE?

• CHINA COMMUNIST
• USSR COMMUNIST
• USA CAPITALIST
• CONTAINMENT HAD FAILED!!!!!
• IF CHINA COULD BECOME COMMUNIST SO COULD ANY
  OTHER ASIAN COUNTRY.

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WHAT THIS MEANS FOR THE U.S.

• ISNT THE SOLUTION
• U.S. MUST DO MORE TO STOP COMMUNIST THREAT!
• NO MORE COMMUNIST COUNTRIES!!

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KOREAN WAR / Forgotten War

• During WWII Japan had invaded Korea
• As the war closes in on Japan Asia the Allies
  invade.
• Soviets invade from North
• America invades from South to the 38 parallel.

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Forgotten WAR CONT

• North of 38 parallel became Communist NORTH
  KOREA (Pyongyang)
• South of 38 parallel became Democratic SOUTH
  KOREA (Seoul)
• Each government claims to be the Real version

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INVASION OF SOUTH KOREA

• July 25, 1950 North Korea surprise attack
  against South Korea.
• America caught off guard
• Truman calls for naval and air forces.
• UN members send 520,000 troops
• 590,000 Korean troops
• All troops were placed under MacArthurs command.

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June 1950
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AMERICAN FEARS

• TRUMAN WAS AFRAID KOREAN WAR WOULD
  INTERNATIONAL WAR

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SEPTEMBER 1950
U.S troops pushed to PUSAN
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• Next six weeks is desperate
• Bloody struggle as North Koreans threw everything
  at American and ROK (South Korean) forces in an
  effort to regain control.
• Attempt to gain complete control over Korea.

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October 1950
MacArthurs Miracle Counterattack
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MacArthurs Miracle Counterattack

• MacArthur changes the course of war
• Communist China tries to warn North Korea, but NK
  ignores warning.
• Throws off North Koreans
• Double invasion

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October 1950
U.S. forces invade North Korea
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Chinese Threat

• Truman clamed by MacArthur
• "We are no longer fearful of their
  intervention,...if the Chinese tried to get down
  to Pyongyang there would be the greatest
  slaughter."

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• GUESS WHAT????

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NOVEMBER 1950
300,000 CHINESE FORCES INVADE NK
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THE CHINESE ARE COMING!!!

• Chinese push U.S. Troops back
• Past 38 Parallel
• Seoul changes hands again 3rd time

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JAN-MAR 1951
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MEATGRINDER

• Slowly U.S. troops push NK Chinese back to 38
  parallel
• Seoul changes hands (for 4th and last time)
• Inflicted heavy casualties on the Chinese and
  North Koreans
• MacArthur fired by Truman for insubordination

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END OF WAR?

• Stalemate lasted for 2 more years
• 54,000 Americans killed
• More than 2 million Intl
• Armistice signed July 27, 1953

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WE ALSO LEARNED

• 1 Local conflict stays local NO WORLD WAR
• 2 Leaves inconclusive decisions.
• Ex Did we stop communism?
• EX Did we help anyone?
• EX Was it worth it?
• Only time can tell.

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RESULTS OF THE WAR

• Still a NK SK
• NK is nuclear threat
• SK surviving economically
• NK struggling with food storages/energy
• U.S. still has about 40,000 troops there.

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2000 SUMMER OLYMPICS

• N S KOREA unveiled a unified flag and marched
  into Olympic stadium TOGETHER.
• Currently experimenting with a SINGLE Korea, but
  still talks very difficult.