AUTOSHOP TOOLS

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AUTOSHOP TOOLS
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TOOLS- What brand should I buy?
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Tool Material- high strength alloy steel, should
be light and easy to use in tight quarters, not a
bulky tool, slim and properly designed for your
hand.
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• Quality Tools are heated treated.
• Machine to a close tolerance.
• A 3/4 opening is a 3/4.
• Sharp edges are removed.
• Tools are polished
• Good lifetime guarantee.

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In buying tools you get what you pay for
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Tips to Remember

• 1. KEEP YOUR TOOLS CLEAN
• 2. Separate cutting tools
• 3. Lightly oil any tool that might rust
• 4. Delicate measuring tools- keep in protective
  containers, such as micrometers etc.
• 5. Mark your tools with Drivers license. Put
  Name license Number on all tools

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Major brands of Quality hand tools Snap On,
Craftsman, S-K Wayne, Matco, Mac, Proto,
Master Mechanic
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When working in the shop

• Always wear safety glasses or a full face shield

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Screw drivers

• Flat blade and Phillips
  the two most
  common ends

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Screw drivers

• Flat blade - conventional - blade should fit slot
  snug and be the same width

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Screw drivers

• Screwdrivers are classed in size of shank such as
  3/16, 1/4, 5/16, and length of shank such as 2",
  4", 6". Some manufactures take length of shank
  and handle. Normally just the shank is measured.

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Stubby Screw drivers

• Handles come in different shapes to get better
  torque on screw

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Screw drivers

• Phillips 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

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Screw drivers

• Allen or Hex tip

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Screw drivers

• Square Drive Use on RVs
• Torx

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Screw drivers

• Offset

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Screw drivers

• Some shanks are square so you may apply a wrench
• Don't misuse you screwdrivers by prying and
  beating on them
• If you must, have a couple of old beat up ones in
  your tool box
• If holding small object in hand do not run
  screwdriver through hand
• Screwdriver handles are not insulated

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Screw drivers

• Tamper Proof Torx

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Screw drivers

• Tamper Proof

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Old Style Screw drivers you might run into when
restoring cars

• Pozidrive Reed and
  Prince
• Clutch

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Screw drivers Types
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Pliers

• Combination slip joint pliers
• Diagonal side cutters

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Pliers

• Needle nose
• Channel lock or Arc joint (Sears) Snap-on
  calls them Adjustable Joint

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Pliers

• Linesmen

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Pliers

• Locking C-Clamp

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Pliers

• Locking Pliers or Vise grips (Brand Name)
• Needle nose Locking Pliers
• Lock ring

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Pliers

• Snap ring - internal external

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Pliers

• Spark Plug boot pliers

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Pliers

• Brake pliers
• Hose clamp pliers

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Pliers

• Robo Grip

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Pliers

• Pinch off hose pliers

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Pliers

• Battery pliers

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Pliers

• Battery spreaders

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Pliers

• Wire Strippers and Crimpers

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Hose Grip Pliers
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Punches Chisels
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Punches

• Aligning punch sometimes called
  a Long Taper or Line up
• Center punch - use before drilling or to mark
  metal
• Has a sharp point

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Punches

• Starting punch has a short tapered end

• Drift or Pin punch same size shaft

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Punches

• To sharpen or true Punches and chisels
• Hold at proper angles and dip often in water, DO
  NOT let them turn blue

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Punch and Chisel Holder

• Use this so you dont hit your hand. It does
  not feel good.
• Thanks Sears for the picture

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Brass Drift Punch Set
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Chisels

• Flat Cold chisel most common, safety glasses
  should be worn, make sure cutting edge is sharp.
  Striking surface or top of chisel should not be
  mushroomed, it should be smooth with a slight
  taper.

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Chisels

• Cape chisel Diamond point

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Mushroomed chisels
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Hammers

• Claw Hammer - this is Auto shop not Wood shop

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Hammers - Dead blow

• Dead blow - shot filled, plastic coating

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Hammers - Ball Peen

• Ball Peen - most common General purpose head may
  weigh 4 oz to several lbs

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Hammers - Rubber Mallet

• Rubber Mallet

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Hammers

• Plastic Tipped - with replaceable tips
• Brass Hammer
• Plastic Tipped

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Tips on Hammer use

• 1. Strike face of hammer head squarely
• 2. Make sure head is secure on hammer handle
  (Hammer Head is wedged on in both
  directions)
• 3. Never swing hammer in the direction that
  someone is standing
• 4. Keep handle clean and dry, is handle cracked
  or broken.
• 5. Use the proper size hammer for the job.

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Wrenches

• Wrenches are a way to remove and replace bolts
  etc but they are slow use as a last resort you
  should use air tools or ratchets if at all
  possible
• (Remember, pull with a wrench you have better
  control, if you do push, push with palm open.)

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open end

• size is determined by width of opening, end is
  usually offset 15 degrees, each end is a
  different size

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Box end Wrench

• End is totally enclosed in 6 or 12 point
  openings. Can be double offset or box offset 15
  degrees for clearance for hand.
• Comes in different lengths, each end is a
  different size, good wrench for breaking loose
  tight bolts

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Offset Box end Wrench
Thanks Sears for the picture
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Combination Wrench

• One end open, one end boxed both the same size
  can be different lengths

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Combination Box End Wrench

• Boxed ends can be either 6 or 12 point.

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Tubing Wrench - flare nut

• Box type wrench with section cut away. One end
  sometimes might be open like a combination
  wrench. Make sure you buy 6pt. (12pt. are no
  good they will slip)

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Ratcheting Wrenches
Box end

GearWrench Combination Wrench
GearWrench Flex Head Ratcheting Wrench
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Ratcheting Wrenches

S Reversible GearWrench Ratcheting Wrench

• Half Moon Reversible
• GearWrench

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Adjustable open end Wrench

• Not a replacement for all other wrenches, discuss
  proper use, tends to slip. Adjust jaws firmly.
  Try to always use the correct size wrench. Should
  only put pressure on the fixed jaw. Also know as
  a Crescent Wrench.

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Adjustable open end Wrench
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Ignition Wrench

• one end open, one end boxed or both ends open
  different size at each end

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Distributor wrenches
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Sockets

• Sockets come in many sizes with different
  openings. 6 pt. 12 pt. Are the most common
• 8 pt or double square are used on square nuts.
  Square (4 sided) sockets are also used in special
  applications

4 point 6 point 8
point 12 point
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Drive size common to Automotive are 1/4, 3/8,
1/2, 3/4 - square hole
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Sockets

• Shallow or Regular size chrome and Impact

• deep sockets chrome and Impact

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Swivel Sockets
The socket is attached to the Universal joint

• Swivel sockets Regular
  Impact

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Sockets

• extensions
• universal joint No socket attached

Impact Standard
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Crowfoot Sockets

• crowfoot

Crowfoot Flare Nut
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Torque Stix

• Used to torque down lug nuts to the proper torque
  when using a impact wrench. The larger the shaft
  the more torque it will carry.

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Torque Stix

• Look up on the chart for your make and model or
  if you know the torque look on the chart and find
  the right torque stix

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Socket handles
½ inch Ratchet
½ inch Long Handle Ratchet

• ratchet - short and long

Swivel Ratchet
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Socket handles

• speed handle - and swivel speed handle
• flex handle or breaker bar long and short
• sliding T bar

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Socket handles

• Nutdrivers

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Socket handles

• Spinner Handle
• Need to add a socket

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Torque wrenches

• beam
• Dial type sometimes referred to as a Micrometer
  type

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Torque wrenches

• Digital
• Click style

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Torque wrenches

• Split beam torque wrench
• Do not torque left hand bolts with this one

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Torque wrenches

• Come in inch lbs and foot lbs
• Always look up tightening sequence
• Always look up the amount of Torque
• If large number divide the torque into smaller
  amounts and torque in steps.
• Pull with a steady pull, do not jerk
• Make sure threads are clean
• Remember that it takes more force to start a
  fastener then to keep it turning.

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Hack saws

• Used to cut metal
• Blade length 8, 10, 12,
• Semi-flexible blades, High speed blades.

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Hack saws

• Close quarter Hack saw

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Hack saws Blades

• Teeth per inch (T.P.I.)
• Need at least two teeth on metal
• 14 T.P.I. Large pieces of soft steel
• 18 T.P.I Large pieces of hard tool steel
• 24 T.P.I. Cooper brass, Light angle Iron Tubing,
  sheet metal
• 32 T.P.I. Thin sheet metal and thin tubing
• Teeth on hack saw go forward
• Learn how to properly hold the hacksaw

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Hack saws Blades
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Hole saw

• Used to cut round holes in thin metal or wood or
  plastic

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Files

• Single cut - Smooth - fine work
• Double cut - coarse, for faster cut
• Bastard - real coarse
• The number of cuts and the size of the cuts
  determines the coarseness of the file

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Files

• Single cut - rows of teeth run in one direction
• Double cut - teeth run at an angle to each other

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Shapes of files

• flat, square, round or rat tail, half round,
  knife edge, 3-square or triangular, point file

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Files

• Use a coarse file for soft metal, it prevents
  clogging
• Use a file card or wire brush to clean a file
• Use chalk to get rid of oil on a file
• Always use a file handle

File Card
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Rotary files

• good for blind holes
• where a lot of material must be removed
• wear safety glasses

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Gasket Scrapers/Cleanup tools

• putty knifes
• Gasket scrapers
• razor blades (not shown)

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Pick up tools
Heavy duty Telescoping Magnetic Pick up tool
Flexible Fingers Pick up tool
Telescoping Magnet
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Tin snips / Straight Tinner Snips
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Offset model aviation snips
Left cut model - for cutting straight and tight
left curves Right cut model - for cutting
straight and tight right curves Straight cut
model - for cutting straight and mild curves both
left and right
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Telescoping Rectangle Inspection Mirror /and
other shapes
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Tri-Square
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Combination Square
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Twist Drills

• Fractional inch size 1/16,1/4, 3/8, 7/16, ½
• Letter Size A-Z
• Number Size 1-80
• Left hand drill bits cut when going in Reverse

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Twist Drills
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Twist Drills
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Twist Drills

• Shanks - straight
• - turned down
• - tapered
• Types of materials - carbon
  steel Cheap drill bit - high speed steel
  (HSS) better - Titanium Cobalt best
• Twist Drill must be sharp

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Drills

• Common sizes 1/4, 3/8, ½ refers to size of chuck
  or how big of drill bit it will hold.
• Center punch your work,
• use cutting oil except on sheet metal and cast
  iron.
• Corded and cordless
• Some have keyless chucks

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Drills

• Close Quarter Drill, Variable Speed

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Drills Keyless chuck
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Safety Hints

• 1. Firm grip on the drill
• 2. Unplug drill before removing or installing
  drill bit
• 3. Don't wear loose clothing
• 4. Secure the work firmly
• 5. Wear safety glasses
• 6. Make sure drill is properly grounded
• 7. Do not stand on wet surface when using power
  tools

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Reamers

• Used to enlarge or shape holes not for deep cuts
  only a few thousandths of an inch at a time.

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Types of Reamers

• Adjustable
• Adjustable with pilot
• Solid - for king pin or valve guides
• Hand use only - not for power tools

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Tap Dies

• Taps are used to cut internal threads

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Types of taps

• Taper - first 6-8 threads are Chamfered
• Plug - first 3-5 threads are Chamfered
• Bottoming have threads all the way to the Bottom
  - Does not start well

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Types of taps

• Taper
• Plug
• Bottoming
• Pipe

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taps
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Know these termsTap drillA drill bit that
drills a hole for the proper amount of threads
when using a tap.Clearance DrillA drill bit
that will drill a hole the size needed to insert
bolt with out threading it.Blind HoleA Hole
that does not go all the way through the metal.
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Refer to the tap drill size chart
Tap wrench
Die Stock
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Dies Dies are used to cut external threads on
stock or bolts
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Finding the right size Tap or Die Use a Thread
pitch gaugeNational Coarse National FineNC
NF½ x 13 ½ x 20 ½ size of
bolt13 teeth per inch 20 teeth per inch
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Thread pitch gauge

• Used to find how many threads in an inch
• come in metric and standard

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Metric Bolts

• 10mm x 1.50 x 60mm
• 10mm size of bolt
• 1.50 pitch of thread
• 60mm length of the bolt in millimeters
• Be careful of some, cannot tell apart by naked
  eye without thread pitch gauge might screw on
  each other but hard, will strip out the bolt or
  nut.
• The head of the bolt should have a number on it
  like 4.8, 8.8 helps you to identify metric bolts.

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Tap and Die rules

• Use cutting oil when using Taps and Dies
• Keep Tap square with hole
• Keep backing off Tap to break chips off (1 turn
  in 1/2 turn back
• Keep Taps and Dies clean and lightly oiled
• Keep Taps in storage box separate from others so
  you will not damage the cutting edge
• Make sure all the tools are in the box when you
  return it to the tool room

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Thread chasers and rethreading dies can be used
only to repair damaged threads
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Screw Extractors

• For removing broken screws and studs
• first center punch broken bolt, lube with W.D. 40
  to loosen bolt, drill out with largest size drill
  with out damaging threads all the way through,
  then insert screw extractor
• square shank - hit with hammer
• spiral - will twist in and grab

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Thread repair

• Heli Coil EZ-LOK

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Solder Guns
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Soldering

• If solder gun does not work do these three things
• 1. Tighten the nuts, the screw or allen set
  screw on the soldering tip. (do not over tighten
  as it gets hot then cold it will expand then
  contract these will always come lose)
• 2. Clean and sand the tip of the solder gun
• 3. Tin the tip of the solder gun

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Solder Guns
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Types of Solder

• Rosin core electrical work - wiring
• The rosin is flux, which cleans as you solder.
• 50/50 50 tin 50 Lead melts at 425 degs
• 60/40 60 tin 40 Lead melts at 425 degs
• 63/37 63 tin 37 Lead melts at 425 degs
• Acid core - radiators

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Pullers

• Two jaw
• Three jaw

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Pullers

• Steering wheel
• Harmonic balance puller

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Pullers

• Slide hammer and attachments

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Hones

• wheel cylinder (Drum Brake)
• disc brake caliper
• glaze breaker
• cylinder hone

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Ring Compressor

• ring compressors

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Ring Expander

• ring expanders

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valve spring compressors

• valve spring compressors

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Brake spoon Spanner wrench

• brake spoons
• spanner wrench

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Bushing driver Bearing Packer

• bushing drivers
• bearing packer

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Grease Gun

• Grease Gun

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Seal Puller Installer

• Seal pullers Seal
  installers

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Hand Impact

• Used to remove stubborn screws
• insert right size bit turn in direction you want
  to go and strike with a hammer.

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Measuring tools

• feeler gauge - flat
• round or wire

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Measuring tools

• Feeler gauge flat round

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Measuring tools Calipers

• Outside inside
• dial

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Measuring tools

• Dial indicator
• Straight edge - .003 max (not shown)
• Telescoping gauge
• Small hole gauge

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Micrometer

• name of parts
• reading mikes
• Inside micrometer
• See power point on micrometers

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Test Light

• Use to test for power

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The End for now

• Thanks to Sears, Grainger KD Tools and Goodheart-
  Willcox for some of the pictures