Free Verse

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Free Verse

• Poetry that has no rules seeks to capture the
  rhythm of speech

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Narrative

• A poem that tells a story

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Lyric

• Musical quality highly musical verse that
  expresses feelings and observations of a speaker

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Ballad

• Ballad Poems are poems that tells a story similar
  to a folk tale or legend and often has a repeated
  refrain. A ballad is often about love or
  adventure and often sung. A ballad is a story in
  poetic form.

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Epic

• A long narrative poem about the deeds of gods and
  heroes. Is elevated in style and the poet begins
  by announcing the subject and asking the Muse
  (one of the 9 goddesses of the arts, lit., and
  sciences) to help.
• Ex The Odyssey

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Sonnet

• 14 line lyric poem, written in iambic pentameter
• abab, cdcd, efef, gg
• Shakespeare

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Haiku

• Poem containing three unrhymed lines of 5,7,5
  syllables.
• Japanese form using imagery to convey a single
  vivid emotion

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POETRY TERMS

• SIMILE a comparison of two unlike things using
  the words like or as
• METAPHOR a comparison of two unlike things,
  usually using the word is

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POETRY TERMS

• PERSONIFICATION giving human qualities to
  non-human things

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POETRY TERMS

• IMAGERY words used to evoke the readers
  senses helps the reader see, hear, touch, smell,
  and taste what is being described

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POETRY TERMS

• HYPERBOLE a deliberate exaggeration or
  overstatement
• "I nearly died laughing."
• "He is as big as a house!"
• "I heard that a million times."
• "I will die if no one asks me to dance."
• "I'm so hungry I could eat a horse."
• "She has a brain the size of a pinhead."
• "I told you a million times not to exaggerate."

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Paradox

• A statement that seems contradictory but actually
  may be true. Because a paradox is surprising, it
  catches the readers attention.
• Ex When we live no more, we live forever.

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Poetry Terms

• SYMBOLISM words or images that stand or
  represent something else

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POETRY TERMS

• ALLITERATION repetition of consonant sounds
  at the beginning of words
• ONOMATOPOEIA use of words that imitate the
  sound they make

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Sound Devices

• Assonance- repetition of vowel sounds followed by
  different consonants in 2 or more stressed
  syllables.
• Ex in The Raven weak and weary

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Sound Devices

• Consonance- repetition of final consonant sounds
  in stressed syllables with different vowel
  sounds, as in hat and sit.

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POETRY TERMS

• ALLUSION when a poem makes reference to a
  well-known person, place, event or text.

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Sound Devices

• Rhythm- the pattern of beats, or stresses, in
  spoken or written language.

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Rhythm

• The pattern of beats, or stresses in spoken or
  written language. Some poems have a very specific
  pattern, or meter, whereas prose and free verse
  use the internal rhythms of everyday speech.

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POETRY TERMS

• RHYME repetition of sounds at the end of words
• RHYME SCHEME a regular pattern of rhyming words
  in a poem

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Types of Rhyme

• End Rhyme- occurs when the rhyming words come at
  the end of the lines
• Internal Rhyme- occurs when the rhyming words
  appear in the same line
• Once upon a midnight, dreary while I pondered,
  weak and weary.

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Slant Rhyme/Near Rhyme

• Involves the repetition of words that sound alike
  but do not rhyme EXACTLY.
• Ex grove/love

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• Meter-rhythmical pattern determined by the
  stressed and unstressed beats in each line
• Iamb-a foot with one unstressed syllable followed
  by a stressed syllable ex a/gain

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Feet/Meter

• Broken up by syllables
• I/ wan/dered/ lone/ ly/ as/ a/ cloud
• Broken up by feet
• That floats/ on high/ oer vales/ and hills.

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Iambic Pentameter

• Shakespeare wrote in iambic pentameter.
• 5 iambs (unstressed/stressed syllable) per line

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• Stanza- a formal division of lines in a poem,
  considered a unit
• Couplet- a two-line stanza, usually they have end
  rhyme
• Quatrain- 4 line stanza
• Fixed form- the poem has a set pattern

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• Connotation- connotation of the word is the set
  of ideas associated with it in addition to its
  explicit meaning
• Denotation- dictionary meaning
• Assonance-repetition of vowel sounds followed by
  different consonant sounds in 2 or more stressed
  syllables
• Ex weak and weary

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ORIGINAL POEMS

• Write an original poem with the following rhyme
  scheme
• abab ccdd efef gghh
• Include the following
• -1 hyperbole
• -1 simile
• -1 metaphor
• -4 pictures of images created in your poem

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POETRY TERMS

• METONYMY a figure of speech in which one word
  is substituted for another with which it is
  closely associated

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METONYMY

• EXAMPLES
• Washington used to represent the United States
  Government
• Skirts used to refer to women
• the pen is mightier than the sword meaning
  writing is more powerful than warfare
• these lands belong to the crown crown
  king/the land ruled by the king
• the sails crossed the ocean sails ships

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POETRY TERMS

• SYNECDOCHE a metaphor in which a part is used to
  stand for a whole (or the whole is used to
  designate the part)

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SYNECDOCHE

• EXAMPLES
• The U.S. won three gold medals (U.S. members
  of the US team)
• I got a new set of wheels (set of wheels a new
  car)
• Use your head (head brain)
• Those are nice threads (threads clothes)
• All hands on deck (hands men, sailors)

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POETRY TERMS

• CONCEIT a metaphor comparing two things that
  are VERY different, that is usually extended
  throughout an entire poem

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CONCEIT

• EXAMPLES
• Shall I Compare Thee to a Summers Day
  Shakespeare
• the moon is a football, kicked around in the sky
• pigeons as businessmen
• leaves as disco dancers
• two souls are two bullets