Antifungal Agents

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Antifungal Agents
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Infections

• Mycosis any disease produced by a fungus
• Systemic fungal infections occur much less
  frequently than Superficial fungal infections,
  but are considerably more dangerous

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Systemic Fungal Infections
Candidiasis Sporotrichosis
Aspergillosis Blastomycosis
Cryptococcosis Histoplasmosis
Mucormycosis Coccidioidomycosis
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Amphotericin B (Fungizone)

• Dangerous drug, but drug of choice for most
  systemic fungal infections
• May be used topically, but almost always IV
• Many serious side effects (renal impairment
  occurs in approx. 80 clients)

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Ketoconazole (Nizoral)

• Oral alternative to Amphotericin B
• Drugs that reduce gastric acidity, decrease
  absorption
• Most common adverse effects can be reduced by
  giving with food
• Effects on liver are rare, but potentially fatal

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Fluconazole (Diflucan)

• Half-life of 30 hrs., making once a day dosing
  possible
• Administered oral and IV

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Superficial Fungal Infections
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Important Facts(Candida species Dermatophytes)

• Candidal infections usually occur in mucous
  membranes and moist skin
• Dermatophytoses generally confined to skin, hair,
  and nails

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Vaginal Candidiasis

• Predisposing factors
• Pregnancy
• Obesity
• Diabetes
• Use of oral contraceptives
• Systemic glucocorticoids
• Systemic antibiotics
• Immunosuppressants
• Anticancer agents

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Superficial Fungal Agents

• Clotrimazole (Lotrimin)
• Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
• Miconazole (Monistat)
• Tioconazole (Vagistat)
• Griseofulvin

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Superficial Fungal Agents

• Amphotericin B (Fungizone)
• Nystatin (Mycostatin)
• Tolnaftate (Tinactin)
• Undecylenic Acid (Desenex)
• Naftifine (Naftin)