Part 4: Human Impacts

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Part 4 Human Impacts
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Humans Impacts on Environment

• 1. Cause of humans impacts
• 2. Global changes
• 3. Biodiversity loss

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Human consumption caused environmental problems

• Water consumption
• Land use demand
• Energy consumption
• Food production

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World Water Supply

• Water available for human use
• Freshwater 3 of total water on earth
• Only 0.003 readily available freshwater

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Water withdrawal by use

• Domestic purpose 8
• Industrial purpose 23
• Agricultural purpose 69

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Using dams to supply more water

• To capture an store water from rain and melting
  snow
• To produce hydroelectric power
• To provide water for irrigation
• To improve flood control system
• To provide recreational activities

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Disadvantages of dams

• Loss of water through evaporation
• Cause of earthquake
• Ecological biodiversity loss
• Disruption of fish migration
• Reduction of nutrient-rich silt to river mouth

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Land use demand

• Land on earth
• 51 not usable land
• 21 usable land
• 28 potential usable for cropland and grazing
  land

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• Agriculture practices caused the increase of land
  use demand.
• Urbanisation increased the rate of land use
  change.

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Energy consumption

• Non-renewable energy
• Fossil fuels, natural gas, coal

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Renewable energy

• Solar energy
• Active solar heating system
• to absorb solar energy and be used directly and
  the rest can be stored in insulated tanks
• Passive solar heating system
• to capture sunlight directly within a structure
  and converts it into low-temp heat for space
  heating

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• Solar cell electricity generating
• Photovoltaic panels on roof
• Sunlight creates an direct current (DC) electric
  current and can be stored in battery
• DC electricity needs to convert to alternating
  current (AC).

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• Geothermal energy from earths mantle can be used
• for space heating
• to produce electricity or high-temp heat for
  industrial processes.

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• Wind energy
• The use of wind to produce electricity in the
  potential area
• The wind farms emit no heat trapping CO2 or other
  air pollutants and no need water cooling.

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• Biomass energy is an advisable energy option.
• 14 of the worlds energy
• 35 of the energy used in developing countries
  for domestic consumption (heating and cooking)
• Solid biomass
• Liquid or gaseous biofuels

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Food production

• Fish production
• 70 of fish catch from ocean
• 1/3 of the world fish harvest is not consumed
  directly by humans and is used as animal feed,
  fish meal and oils.
• Grain production
• Rice, wheat and corn are major grain for 2/3
  world population.

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• Livestock production
• Meat production increased 29 from 1950-1996.
• Meat-based diet of people in developed and
  developing countries has effects on resource use,
  environmental degradation, pollution and disease.

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Cause of humans impacts

• Deforestation
• Over harvesting
• Over consumption
• Low efficient food production
• Unsustainable technology

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Conclusions

• What should human do for the future?
• Reduce human population
• Change of consumer behaviour
• Reduce environmental problems