Medical Terminology

1
Medical Terminology

• Chapter 7
• Body Fluids and Immunity

2
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• Water is most important body fluid
• Cells require water, oxygen, and nutrients to
  survive.
• Hydr(o) means water
• -ous means pertaining to
• hydrous means pertaining to water

3
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• -hidr(o), sweat or perspiration
• Sweat excreted through pores in the skin
• mucus is the slimy material produced by mucous
  membranes
• mucoid means resembling mucus
• pus is the result of tissue breakdown because of
  infection

4
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• A localized collection of pus in a cavity formed
  by the disintegration of the tissue is called an
  abscess
• hematoma is a localized collection of blood,
  usually clotted, in an organ, space tissue,
  resulting from a break in the wall of a blood
  vessel.
• Hematomas can occur anywhere in the body, but are
  most dangerous when in the head

5
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• Body Fluids are found
• within the cells - intra/cellular
• outside the cells - extra/cellular
• intra- within
• cellul(o) little cell or compartment
• -ar, pertaining to
• extra- outside

6
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• 1/4th of extracellular fluid is plasma (the
  liquid portion of the blood)
• Blood remains inside blood vessels.
• Blood is intravascular
• intra- within
• vascul(o) vessel
• -ar pertaining to

7
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• Remaining extracellular fluid is between cells
  and tissue space
• Interstitial fluid
• inter- means between

8
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• More than half of all body fluid is contained
  within cells and is called intracellular fluid.
• Body fluid is classified as either intracellular
  or extracellular fluid.
• Majority of extracellular fluid is found between
  cells and tissue spaces and is called
  interstitial fluid.
• Plasma is an extravascular fluid.

9
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• Regulation of the amount of water in the body is
  called fluid balance.
• The intake and output must be balanced.
• Intake too low - dehydration
• Output too low - edema

10
Fluid Balance

• Total Output 2500 ml
• Urine 1500 ml
• Skin 550 ml
• Lungs 300 ml
• Feces 150 ml

• Total Intake 2500 ml
• Water (beverages) 1600 ml
• Water (moist foods) 700 ml
• Metabolism 200 ml

11
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• hydrocephaly is more commonly called
  hydrocephalus
• hydrocephalus means a condition characterized by
  abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid
  within the skull, enlargement of the head, mental
  retardation, and convulsions.
• A shunt is placed to redirect the fluid

12
Cellular Needs and Body Fluids

• Calculus or stone
• Formed in body tissues by an accumulation of
  mineral salts in the body tissues.
• Nephro/lith/iasis kidney stones
• Litho/tripsy crushing of a stone

13
Composition of Blood

• Study of Blood is Hematology
• Hemat(o) means blood and blood forming tissues
• Hemato/logic means pertaining to hematology
• Hematologist is one who studies blood
• -poiesis means production
• hematopoiesis - formation and development of
  blood cells

14
Composition of Blood

• Coagul(o) refers to coagulation
• Coagulation is the formation of a clot
• A coagulant promotes or accelerates clotting
• -ant means that which causes
• An Anticoagulant is used to prevent blood from
  clotting
• -ate means to cause an action or the result of an
  action

15
Composition of Blood

• Nucle(o) and kary(o) mean nucleus
• nucleoprotein is a protein found in the nucleus
• karyomegaly indicates a large nucleus or an
  abnormal enlargement of a cell nucleus
• A normal red cell in the circulating blood has
  matured and lost its nucleus

16
Composition of Blood

• A normal white cell in the circulating blood has
  lost its nucleus
• -oid means like or resembling
• nucle/oid means resembling a nucleus
• morph(o) means form or shape
• poly- means many
• poly/morpho/nuclear is the most abundant type of
  leukocyte

17
Composition of Blood

• Polymorphonuclear is a leukocyte with a nucleus
  that is divided in such a way that it appears as
  multiple. (PMN)
• polymorph
• cytoplasm of a polymorph typically contains small
  granular structures
• these cells may be referred to as granulocytes

18
Composition of Blood

• Coagulopathy means any disease of coagulation
• Blood coagulation is a series of chemical
  reactions in which special fibers(fibrin) entrap
  blood cells resulting in a blood clot.
• Clots formed within blood vessels is a serious
  condition that can result in death

19
Composition of Blood

• A naturally occurring anticoagulant keeps blood
  from clotting within the body.
• in vitro means occurring in a laboratory test
  tube or occurring in an artificial environment
• in vivo means within the living body

20
Composition of Blood

• Laboratory blood tests often requires treating
  blood with an anticoagulant
• Hematocrit measures the percentage of red blood
  cells in a volume of blood
• hem(a) and hem (o) mean blood
• A hemo/cyte is a blood cell
• -cyte means cell

21
Composition of Blood

• Erythro/cytes are red blood cells (red
  corpuscles) (RBC)
• Erythro/cyt/ic means pertaining to erythrocytes
• Erythro/poiesis is the production of erythrocytes
• erythro/poietin stimulates the production of
  erythrocytes
• -poietin means a substance that causes production

22
Composition of Blood

• Leuk(o) means white
• Leukocyte is a white blood cell (WBC)
• Leukocytes protect the body against pathogenic
  (disease causing) organisms
• Healthy people have normal numbers of RBC and WBC
  in their blood
• leukocyte count/ erythrocyte count

23
Composition of Blood

• thromb(o) means thrombus
• A blood clot that obstructs a blood vessel or
  cavity of the heart (clot that occurs internally)
• Thrombo/cyte is a blood platelet
• Thrombo/lysis is a dissolution or destruction of
  a clot formed inside a vessel

24
Composition of Blood

• lys(o) means destruction or dissolving
• -lysis describes the act of dissolving or
  destruction
• -lytic is a suffix to form adjectives describing
  dissolution or destruction
• thrombolytic
• -lysin means a substance that dissolves or
  destroys
• thrombolysin

25
Composition of Blood

• Thrombosis is the presence of a thrombus
• Dissolving of a thrombus is thrombolysis
• -ectomy means surgical removal or excision
• to surgically remove a clot is called a
  thromboectomy

26
Composition of Blood

• thrombolysis is destruction of a clot
• hemolysis is destruction of blood
• A hemolysin is a substance that causes the
  destruction of red blood cells
• -emia is a suffix that means blood

27
Composition of Blood

• leuk/emia is white blood
• Leukemia is a progressive, malignant disease of
  the hematopoietic (blood forming) organs,
  characterized by a sharp increase in the number
  of leukocytes, as well as the presence of
  immature forms of leukocytes in the blood and
  bone marrow

28
Composition of Blood

• An/emia means without blood
• -penia means decreased or deficient
• leukocytopenia - decrease or deficiency in the
  number of leukocytes (leukopenia)
• erythro/cyto/penia is a decrease or deficiency in
  the number of erythrocytes (erythropenia)

29
Composition of Blood

• Anemia is a deficiency in the number of red blood
  cells or a deficiency in hemoglobin
• hemoglobin is the red pigment of blood
• Anemia is not a disease but a sign of various
  diseases

30
Composition of Blood

• Signs and Symptoms of Anemia
• tachycardia
• dyspnea
• syncope (fainting)
• tinnitus
• headache
• fatigue
• dizziness
• congestive heart failure

31
Composition of Blood

• Iron deficiency anemia results when a greater
  demand for iron than the body can supply.
• It can be caused by blood loss or insufficient
  intake intake or absorption of iron from the
  intestinal tract
• Iron deficiency anemia is usually successfully
  treated with iron tablets and a well balanced diet

32
Composition of Blood

• Thrombocytopenia is a decrease in the number of
  platelets (thrombopenia)
• Thrombocytes (platelets) are a key component in
  the process of blood clotting
• Severe thrombocytopenia results in a bleeding
  disorder
• thrombocytosis is an increase in platelets in
  circulating blood

33
Composition of Blood

• Hemo/philia is a hereditary bleeding disorder in
  which there is a deficiency of one coagulation
  factor called antihemophilic factor VIII.
• Minor injuries can result in prolonged bleeding
  which leads to anemia
• -osis can mean more than a condition
• erythrocytosis is increase in number of red blood
  cells (erythrocytes)

34
Composition of Blood

• Leukocytosis is an increase in number of
  leukocytes (white blood cells)
• Increase in leukocytes as in leukemia is not
  normal. Many of the leukocytes in leukemia are
  abnormal or immature white blood cells.
• Increase in leukocytes in response to an
  (infection) infecting organism is normal.

35
Composition of Blood

• Infection vs. inflammation
• infection is the presence of living
  microorganisms within the tissue
• inflammation is the bodys response to injury.
• Inflammation is part of the bodys natural
  defense
• Signs of inflammation are redness, swelling and
  pain

36
Composition of Blood

• Poly- means many
• cyto means cell
• hem(o) means blood
• -ia means condition
• Polycythemia is a disorder in which there is an
  increase in erythrocytes

37
Composition of Blood

• primary - bone marrow over produces many types of
  cells and is associated with a chromosomal defect
  
• secondary - as a physiologic response to
  prolonged exposure to high altitude, or heart or
  lung disease
• leads to increased viscosity (stickiness) of blood

38
Composition of Blood

• A coagulopathy is any defect in coagulation
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a grave
  coagulopathy in which there is generalized
  intravascular clotting.

39
Anemias and Abnormal Hemoglobins

• Micr(o) means small
• microcyte is a small cell
• microcytosis is an increase in the number of
  under sized red blood cells
• Macr(o) means large
• macrocyte is a large cell
• macrocytosis is an increase in larger than normal
  erythrocytes

40
Anemias and Abnormal Hemoglobins

• Scop(o) means to view or examine
• -scopy means the act of viewing
• microscopy is examining something small
• macroscopy is examining something large
• megal(o) means large or enlarged
• megalocytes are large cells

41
Anemias and Abnormal Hemoglobins

• Norm(o) means normal
• normocytes are normal cells
• is(o) means equal
• iso/cyt/osis means cells that are of equal size
• anisocytosis are cells that are not of equal size

42
Anemias and Abnormal Hemoglobins

• isotonic means equal tension
• an isotonic solution is a solution in which body
  cells can be bathed without damage to the cell
  through diffusion of water in or out of cells
• spher(o) means round
• spherocyte is a round cell
• spherocytosis means the presence of spherocytes
  in the blood

43
Anemias and Abnormal Hemoglobins

• Poikil(o) means irregular
• poikilocyte is a blood cell with abnormal shape
• poikilocytosis is the presence of poikilocytes in
  the blood
• poikilocytes are present in sickle cell anemia

44
Anemias and Abnormal Hemoglobins

• Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary anemia with an
  inherited abnormal type of hemoglobin.
• Blood cells are elongated and sickled and are
  highly fragile
• in vivo hemolysis occurs resulting in hemolytic
  anemia

45
Anemias and Abnormal Hemoglobins

• hyper- means excessive or more than normal
• hypo- means beneath or below normal
• chrom(o) means color
• hypochromia in which blood cells have below
  normal amount of color
• hyperchromia in which blood cells have above
  normal amount of color

46
Anemias and Abnormal Hemoglobins

• Hemoglobin is the red pigment inside erythrocytes
• globin is a type of protein
• hemoglobin is a type of protein found in blood
• hemoglobinopathy is any disease associated with
  hemoglobin
• hemolyze means that the erythrocytes dissolve

47
Anemias and Abnormal Hemoglobins

• Hemolytic anemia is characterized by the
  premature destruction of erythrocytes
• plast(o) means repair
• aplastic means having no tendency to develop new
  tissue
• In aplastic anemia the bone marrow is diseased
  and produces few cells
• dyscrasia is any disorder associated with the
  blood or bone marrow

48
Blood Coagulation

• Fibrin is formed when blood clots
• word part for fibrin is fibrin(o)
• fibrin/oid means resembling fibrin
• fibrinogen is a precursor of fibrin
• fibrogen is a protein that is changed to fibrin
  in the process of coagulation
• fibrinolysis is the destruction of fibrin

49
Blood Coagulation

• A fibrinolysis can dissolve a thrombus
• -stasis means stopping or controlling
• hemostasis means stoppage of blood flow
• trans- means through or across
• the introduction of whole blood or blood
  components into the blood stream is transfusion

50
Blood Coagulation

• Typing the blood is necessary for transfusion
• the typing process looks for agglutination to
  specialized sera
• agglutination is blood clumping
• a transfusion reaction is an adverse reaction the
  the received blood.
• Blood group incompatibilities causes hemolysis
  which is the destruction of erythrocytes

51
Blood Coagulation

• Transfusion reaction results in hemo/lysis of the
  erythrocytes.
• Certain diseases can be transmitted through a
  transfusion.
• Donate your own blood would be an autologous
  transfusion.

52
Classification of Disease

• Organic diseases are associated with a
  demonstrable physical change in an organ or
  tissue.
• Functional disorders are marked by S Ss, but
  no physical changes.

53
Classification of Disease

• Infectious
• Hereditary
• Degenerative
• Traumatic
• Autoimmune
• Nutritional deficiencies
• Idiopathic
• Iatrogenic
• Nosocomial

54
Classification of Disease

• Infectious Diseases
• Pathogenic organisms
• Communicable contagious
• Directly by contact
• Indirectly via substances
• Via vectors

55
Classification of Disease

• Microorganisms
• Spheric (cocci)
• Rod-shaped (bacilli)
• Spiral (spirochetes and spirilla)
• Comma-shaped (vibrios)

56
Classification of Disease

• Gram Stain
• Pink or red gram negative
• Violet or purple gram positive
• Also classified by arrangement

57
Classification of Disease

• Strepto/cocci appear to grow in chains
• Staphylo/cocci grow in grape like clusters
• Diplococci grow in pairs
• Bacter/emia presence of bacteria in the blood

58
Classification of Disease

• Aerobic requires oxygen to maintain life
• Anaerobic grows in complete or almost complete
  lack of oxygen

59
Classification of Disease

• Antiseptic inhibits growth of microorganisms
• Bacteriostatic inhibits growth of bacteria
• Bactericidal kills bacteria
• Botulism - Bacterial food poisoning

60
Classification of Disease

• Fungi are microorganisms that feed by absorbing
  organic molecules from their surroundings.
• They may be parasitic.

61
Immune System

• Pathogens are microorganisms that are capable of
  causing disease
• resistance is the bodys ability to counteract
  the effects of foreign invaders
• susceptibility is lack of resistance
• specific and non-specific resistance

62
Immune System

• Nonspecific defense mechanisms are directed
  against all pathogens
• unbroken skin
• phagocytes
• inflammation
• complement
• interferon
• see table 7-13 p 133

63
Immune System

• Interferon is formed when cells are exposed to a
  virus
• phagocytosis is the ingestion and destruction of
  microorganisms and cellular debris by certain
  cells.
• Phag(o) means to eat
• macrophages and leukocytes are the primary
  phagocytic cells

64
Immune System

• Specific defense mechanisms are selective for
  particular pathogens
• This specific resistance is called immunity and
  protects from a specific disease or condition
• white blood cell and t-cells are responsible for
  cell mediated immunity
• b-lymphocytes are responsible for antibody
  mediated immunity

65
Immune System

• Antibodies are formed against foreign substances
• antibodies are formed to act against other cells
  or substances that our bodies recognize as being
  foreign
• Immunoglobulins or antibodies are found in the
  liquid part of the blood, plasma
• Immun(o) means immune
• globulins are plasma proteins

66
Immune System

• Specific antibodies provide us with immunity
  against disease causing organisms
• we generally acquire antibodies either by having
  a disease or by receiving a vaccination.
• A vaccination causes our bodies to produce
  antibodies

67
Immune System

• a foreign substance that induces the production
  of antibodies is called an antigen
• polio vaccine contains polio antigen
• after receiving polio vaccine, one is immunized
  against polio
• an excessive reaction to an antigen is considered
  a hypersensitivity

68
Immune System

• -phylaxis means protection
• anaphylaxis or anaphylactic reactions are
  exaggerated, life threatening hypersensitivity
  reactions to a previously encountered antigen
• anaphylactic reactions are severe and can be
  fatal
• insect stings and penicillin are common causes of
  anaphylaxis

69
Immune System

• Allergies are conditions in which the body reacts
  with an exaggerated immune response to common,
  harmless substances.
• A substance that can produce an allergic reaction
  but is not necessarily harmful is called an
  allergen
• in an allergic reaction, injured cells release a
  substance called histamine

70
Immune System

• Histamine causes dilation of the capillaries, an
  increase in gastric secretions, and contraction
  of smooth muscle of several internal organs
• histamine is responsible the symptoms of hay
  fever teary eyes, sneezing, and swollen
  membranes of the upper respiratory tract.
• Antihistamines act against histamine

71
Immune System

• Immunization is the process by which resistance
  to an infectious disease is induced or augmented
• immunity that an individual develops in response
  to a harmful antigen is active immunity
• borrowed immunity that is effective for only a
  short time is passive immunity

72
Immune System

• vaccination is a form of prophylaxis, protection
  of or protection against disease
• toxoids contain toxins which are antigens
• toxoids cause our bodies to produce antibodies,
  thus providing us with immunity

73
Immune System

• a toxoid is a toxin that has been treated to
  eliminate its harmful properties without
  destroying its ability to stimulate antibody
  production
• a toxoid is a helpful form of toxin
• tox(o) which means poison is usually harmful
• a cytotoxin has harmful effects on cells

74
Immune System

• Cytotoxicity means having a harmful effect on
  cells
• toxicity is the virulence of a toxin or poison
• toxic/osis is any disease condition caused by
  poisons.
• Virulence means the degree of disease causing
  capability of microorganisms

75
Immune System

• Immuno/compromised pertains to immune response
  that has been weakened by a disease or an
  immuno/suppressive agent
• radiation and certain drugs are immunosupressants
  - meaning they suppress the immune response
• transplant rejection is an immune reaction to the
  donors tissue cells

76
Immune System

• To transplant is to transfer tissue
• Immunosupressants are given to transplant
  recipients to prevent or lessen the possibility
  of rejection

77
Chapter 4

• Class review exercises

78
What is the meaning?

• Hemato
• blood
• -cyte
• cell
• is(o)
• equal
• leuk(o)
• white

79
What is the meaning?

• Kary(o)
• nucleus
• melan(o)
• black
• micr(o)
• small
• megal(o)
• large or enlarged

80
What is the meaning?

• Phag(o)
• to eat
• a-
• no, not, without
• poly
• many
• phil(o)
• attraction

81
What is the meaning?

• -lysis
• destruction or dissolving
• -penia
• decreased or deficient
• -poiesis
• production
• xanth(o)
• yellow

82
What is the meaning?

• -erythr(o)
• red
• macr(o)
• large or enlarged
• cellul(o)
• little cell or compartment
• morph(o)
• scope or form

83
What is the Combining Form?

• Hemoglobin
• hemoglobin(o)
• fibrin
• fibrin(o)
• water
• hydr(o)
• coagulation
• coagul(o)

84
What is the Combining Form?

• Air
• aer(o)
• color
• chrom(o)
• green
• chlor(o)
• clot
• thromb(o)

85
What is the Combining Form?

• Round
• spher(o)
• irregular
• Poikil(o)

86
Suffixes

• An instrument used to view
• -scope
• blood
• -emia
• capable of destroying
• -lytic
• substance that dissolves or destroys something
• -lysin

87
Prefixes

• Across
• trans-
• within
• intra-
• between
• inter

88
A or An

• Traumatic
• atraumatic
• hydrous
• anhydrous
• uria
• anuria

89
A or An

• toxic
• atoxic
• plastic
• aplastic

90
What is the Color?

• Chloropia
• green
• melanocyte
• black
• cyanoderma
• blue

91
What is the Color?

• xanthoderma
• yellow
• leukopenia
• white

92
Case StudyWord Meaning

• A 23 year old female came to the emergency room,
  complaining of dizziness and headache.
  Examination revealed pallor and tachycardia. The
  patient had a history of dyspnea on exertion,
  tinnitus, and syncope. Blood tests and ECG were
  ordered. Tachycardia was the only abnormality
  demonstrated on the ECG. All blood

93
Case StudyWord Meaning

• Tests were normal except CBC, which indicated a
  microcytic hypochromic anemia. Additional tests
  were ordered to determine the etiology of the
  anemia.

94
Case StudyWord Meaning

• Pallor
• paleness
• tachycardia
• increased pulse rate
• dyspnea
• difficult breathing

95
Case StudyWord Meaning

• Tinnitus
• noise in the ears, such as ringing
• syncope
• fainting

96
What is the Meaning?

• Hemat(o)
• blood
• hem(a)
• blood
• hem(o)
• blood
• spher(o)
• round

97
What is the Meaning?

• Poikil(o)
• irregular
• erythro(o)
• red
• poly-
• many
• cyan(o)
• blue

98
What is the Meaning?

• Leuk(o)
• white
• melan(o)
• black
• chlor(o)
• green
• xanth(o)
• yellow

99
What is the Meaning?

• -ectomy
• removal of, incision
• -cyte
• cell
• -ate
• to cause an action or the results of an action

100
What is the Meaning?

• -ar
• pertaining to
• -ant
• that which causes
• -emia
• blood
• is(o)
• equal

101
What is the Meaning?

• Kary(o)
• nucleus
• morph(o)
• shape or form
• phag(o)
• to eat
• phil(o)
• attraction

102
What is the Meaning?

• micr(o)
• small
• coagulation
• blood clotting
• poikilocyte
• an erythrocyte of irregular shape
• hematoma
• a localized collection of blood

103
What is the Meaning?

• Thrombus
• formation of a clot within a blood vessel
• cytologist
• one who studies cells
• leukocyte count
• an evaluation of white cells

104
What is the Meaning?

• Thrombolytic
• capable of dissolving a thrombus
• thrombectomy
• surgical removal of a blood clot
• thromb(o)
• clot
• leukopenia
• a decreased white cell count

105
What is the Meaning?

• Leukocyte
• white blood cell that functions in the bodys
  defense system
• syncope
• fainting
• hematology
• the study of blood

106
What is the Meaning?

• In vivo
• in the body
• antibiotic
• substance commonly prescribed in the treatment of
  bacterial infections
• erythropoiesis
• production of red cells

107
What is the Meaning?

• Macropodia
• increased size of the foot
• macrodontia
• increased size of the teeth
• microcyte
• a small cell
• macrocyte
• a large cell

108
What is the Meaning?

• Chromocyte
• any colored cell
• histocyte
• a tissue cell
• poikilocytosis
• the presence of irregular shaped erythrocytes in
  the blood

109
What is the Meaning?

• Spherocytosis
• the presence of spherocytes in the blood
• thrombolysin
• substance capable of dissolving a thrombus

110
What is the Meaning?

• Macroscopy
• examination with the naked eye
• microscopy
• examination of something small
• transplant
• a surgical procedure whereby living organs are
  transplanted from one part of the body to another
  or from one individual to another

111
Matching

• 1. Hydr(o)
• 2. hem(a)
• 3. aer(o)
• 4. clor(o)
• 5. chrom(o)
• 6. cyt(o)

• a. Air
• b. Green
• c. Color
• d. Cell
• e. Water
• f. blood

112
Matching

• 1. Erythr(o)
• 2. Is(o)
• 3. kary(o)
• 4. leuko(o)
• 5. macro(o)
• 6. hem(o)

• a. red
• b. hemoglobin
• c. nucleus
• d. equal
• e. large or enlarged
• f. white

113
What is the Meaning?

• Poly-
• many
• phil(o)
• attraction
• -lysis
• destruction
• -penia
• decreased deficiency

114
What is the Meaning?

• -poiesis
• production
• xanth(o)
• yellow
• erythr(o)
• red
• macr(o)
• large or enlarged

115
What is the Meaning?

• Anti-
• against
• morph(o)
• shape or form
• coagulopathy
• any disease of coagulation
• thrombolysis
• dissolving of a thrombus

116
What is the Meaning?

• Leukocytosis
• an increase in the number of white blood cells
• microencephaly
• abnormal smallness of the head
• ophthalmoscope
• an instrument for examining the eye

117
What is the Meaning?

• Toxicosis
• any disease or condition caused by poison
• otoscopy
• examination of the ear
• cytoscopy
• microscopic examination of cells

118
What is the Meaning?

• Hypochromic
• a condition in which erythrocytes have a reduced
  hemoglobin content (pigment)
• poikilocyte
• a cell having an abnormal shape
• anemia
• a decreased red blood cell count

119
What is the Meaning?

• Septicemia
• a systemic infectious condition caused by
  pathogenic microorganisms, their enzymes, or
  their toxins
• pigment color of melanin
• dark brown to black
• cyanoderma
• blue skin

120
Matching

• a. Many
• b. Shape or form
• c. Decreased
• d. Red
• e. Large or enlarged

• 1. Morph(o)
• 2. -penia
• 3. Macr(o)
• 4. Poly-
• 5. Erythr(o)

121
Matching

• a. attraction
• b. destruction or
• dissolving
• c. production
• d. yellow
• e. against

• 1. xanth(o)
• 2. -poiesis
• 3. -lysis
• 4. Phil(o)
• 5. Anti-

122
What is It?

• The destruction of red blood cells with the
  liberation of hemoglobin
• hemolysis
• the reduction in the number of red blood cells,
  hemoglobin, r both red cells and hemoglobin
• anemia
• a substance that causes hemolysis
• hemolysin

123
What is It?

• A disorder in which there is an increase in the
  number of red blood cells
• polycythemia
• excessive urination
• polyuria
• a small cell
• microcyte

124
What is It?

• A cell that engulfs other matter
• phagocyte
• a condition in which erythrocytes are not of
  equal size
• anisocytosis
• any disease of coagulation
• coagulopathy

125
What is It?

• The study of cells
• cytology
• dissolving of a thrombus
• thrombolysis
• an increase in the number of white blood cells
• leukocytosis

126
What is It?

• Abnormal smallness of the head
• microcephaly
• an instrument for examining the eye
• ophthalmoscope
• any disease condition caused by poisons
• toxicosis
• examination of the ear
• otoscopy

127
What is It?

• A decreased white cell count
• leukopenia
• cells that function in the bodys defense system
• leukocyte
• fainting
• syncope

128
What is It?

• The study of blood
• hematology
• in the body
• in vivo
• a substance commonly prescribed in the treatment
  of bacterial infections
• production of red cells
• erythropoiesis

129
Also Known As

• Red blood cells
• erythrocytes
• white blood cells
• leukocytes
• thrombocytes
• platelets

130
Also Known As

• bluish discoloration of skin
• cyanoderma
• difficult time breathing
• dyspnea

131
Questions?
132
Chapter 4

• Book CD review