Nickel

1
Nickel

• Leung Hau Lam(32)
• Lau Ho Yin(30)
• Wong Pui San(43)
• Wang Kwun Sing(41)
• Class 5D

2
Introduction of Nickel

• chemical element (Ni)
• atomic number 28
• silvery-white lustrous transition metal
• hard and ductile

3
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (at room temperature.) 8.908 gcm-3
Liquid density (at atmospheric pressure) 7.81 gcm-3
Melting point 1728 K, 1455 C, 2651 F
Boiling point 3186 K, 2913 C, 5275 F
Heat of fusion 17.48 kJmol-1
Heat of vaporization 377.5 kJmol-1
Molar heat capacity 26.07 Jmol-1K
4
USAGES

• corrosion-resistant -use for plating metals
• nickel alloy
• catalyst for hydrogenation
• Enzymes of some microorganisms and plants contain
  nickel as an active center

5
USAGES

• electroplating and the manufacture
  of alkaline batteries
• Nickel metal is used in making alloys
• (E.g. a "horseshoe magnet" made of alnico
  nickel alloy
• The composition of alnico alloys is typically
  812 Al, 1526 Ni, 524 Co, up to 6 Cu, up to
  1 Ti. )

6
APPLICATIONS

• Nickel is used to make Nickel aluminide
• made up of nickel combined with several other
  metals including aluminium, chromium,
  molybdenum, zirconium and boron
• Adding boron increases the ductility of the alloy
  and hardness
• This alloy is extremely strong for its weight,
  five times stronger than stainless steel. Unlike
  most alloys, IC-221M increases in strength from
  room temperature up to 800 C.

7
APPLICATIONS

• Nickel aluminide - has very high thermal
  conductivity combined with high strength at high
  temperature -high strength and low density, used
  to coat blades in gas turbines and jet engines

8
APPLICATIONS

• Nickel is used in hydrogenation
• Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between
  molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or
  element, usually in the presence of a catalyst.
• Hydrogenation typically constitutes the addition
  of pairs of hydrogen atoms to a molecule,
  generally an alkene. Catalysts are required for
  the reaction to be usable

9
APPLICATIONS

• substitute for decorative silver
• making nickel-cadmium battery
• The nickelcadmium battery (commonly abbreviated
  NiCad or NiCad) is a type of rechargeable battery
  using nickel oxide hydroxide and metallic cadmium
  as electrodes.

10
APPLICATIONS

• A fully charged NiCad cell contains
• A nickel (IV) oxide-hydroxide positive electrode
  plate.
• A cadmium negative electrode plate.
• A separator.
• An alkaline electrolyte (potassium hydroxide).

11
Equations

• The chemical reactions in a NiCad battery during
  discharge are
• At the cadmium electrode
• At the nickel electrode
• The overall equation is

12

• END