Access Network Planning and Technologies

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Access Network Planning and Technologies

• Part1 structure of Access Network

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• Conception of Access Network
• Access Network(exchange) is the subscriber part
  of the telecommunications network. The basic idea
  of telecommunication is the exchange of
  information.
• Voice
• text
• data
• image
• video

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• If you are a telecommunications service provider
  and you have set up you first switch. You just
  need to link the customer premises equipment(CPE)
  to you witch with a pair of copper conductors .

Simple interconnection of subscribers to exchange
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Structure of the Access Network
DP1
2000 pairs
400 pairs
EXCHANGE
PCP
SCP
DP2
DP3
To other SCPs
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Part2 New Technologies in the
Access Network
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• Limitation of the copper network
• limited bandwidth and there are problems in
  overcoming.
• Inflexibility both in time and types of service
  provisioning.
• Reliability is limited.
• Installation time is long.
• Possible cable damages and maintenance costs were
  high.
• Difficult to manage
• Loop length limitations( 5km)
• Has problem of security
• Uneconomical in remote
• Prone to electromagnetic interference

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New technologies in the copper Access
Network
Name Meaning Data
Connection Distance
Application
Rate type to
exchange DSL Digital
160kb/s Symmetrical
5 km ISDN series,
voice, Subscriber


data communication line
HDSL High Data 2Mb/s
Symmetrical 4-5km
No POTS, E1, LAN/
Rate Digital

WAN, Internet Service
Subscriber line

access
SDSL Single Line 2Mb/s
Symmetrical 3-4km
Same as HDSLPOTS
Digital Sub-

Work at home,
scriber line

internet access
ADSL Asymmetric Downstream
Asymmetrical 3-6km
Internet access, video on d-
Digital Sub- 2-8Mb/s,
Up-
emand, remote LAN
access scriber line
stream 128kb/s-768kb/s
interactive
multimedia VDSL Very High
Downstream 13- Asymmetrical
0.3-1.5km Same as ADSL
Data Rate 52Mb/s,

HDTV
Digital Sub- Upstream 1.5-
scriber Line 2.3Mb/s
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Fiber based new technologies in the Access Network

• Methods of deployment of fiber
• Fiber to the Curb(FTTC)
• Fiber to the Building(FTTB)
• Fiber to the home/office(FTTH/FTTO)

• Fiber in the loop architectures
• Point-to-point
• Point-to-multipoint/star
• Tree
• Ring

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Technological options

• 1. PDH(plesiochronous digital hierarchy)
• fiber optic cabinet
• PON(passive optical network)
• AON(active optical network)

2. SDH(synchronous digital hierarchy)
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• Basic PON system components
• OLT(optical line terminal)
• Splitter
• ONU(optical network unit)

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Typical implementation of PONs
ONU
Management
Up to 4 PONs
ONU
1
Switch
ONU
2
OLT
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Capacity 4B-120B
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Splitting up to 32
Capacity OLT 1920B, PON 480B
B 64Kb bearer channel
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Advantages of PON/AON

• Sharing of fiber and equipment as in case of
  PONs
• Increase in range at the cost of an additional
  active component(splitter)
• High flexibility in structures
• Higher capacity
• Management

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Future of PON systems
ATM-PON(APON) One fiber is passively split
up to 64 times. Serve more customers.
Can savings 20-40 over circuit based access
systems.
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Future of PON systems
ATM-PON(APON) One fiber is passively split
up to 64 times. Serve more customers.
Can savings 20-40 over circuit based access
systems.