Greenhouse Wars

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What does IPM stand for?

• Integrated Pest Management

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The Purpose of IPM is to

• A. Use chemicals to immediately kill pests
• B. Use a variety of control measures
• C. Use biological controls only
• D. destroy pests as soon as any are found on
  plants

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What is the key to successful IPM?

• Regular monitoring

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What methods would an integrated pest manager use
to collect data?

• Sticky traps
• visual checks of plants(especially underside of
  leaves)
• flags to mark infected areas
• chart the number of pests found over a period of
  time

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When would the integrated pest manager decide to
take action?

• When the cost of controlling the pest is less
  than the amount of profit that will be lost on
  the crop

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What is the first type of control that should be
used when a pest is detected?

• Hand collecting
• removing dead, infested or diseased plants

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What should be the next line of defense after
trying to remove the pest by hand has failed?

• Biological controls

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What is the last line of defense in the IPM
system?

• Chemical controls

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Biological controls
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Explain how nature controls the population growth
of different insects

• natural predators
• disease
• limiting environmental factors

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What are some reasons pests get out of control in
a greenhouse?

• Environment is optimum at all times
• no predators
• unlimited and unvaried supply of food

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Name a biological control for aphids

• Braconid wasp
• Green lacewing
• ladybug

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Explain how the gypsy moths sex hormones were
used as a biological control.

• Sex attractants were applied to sticky traps to
  attract the moth

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Why are chemical controls no longer effective in
some cases?

• Because the insects have become resistant to
  them.

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Rhododendron Mist Maiden never has lace bug
damage because of a thick layer of hairs on the
underside of the leaf, making it almost
impossible to feed off of. What is this an
example of?

• A plant that is insect resistant

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A fungus or bacteria that can live in a plant
without harming it and actually protects the
plant from a pest is called an-

• endophyte

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What is Bacillus thuringiensis and what does it
control?

• It is a bacteria
• It controls many worms and caterpillars by
  causing gut upset and fatal starvation

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Name an insect used for biological control

• braconid wasp
• green lacewing
• ladybug
• stingless wasp
• digger wasp

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Braconid Wasp
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Green Lacewing
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Name another possible biological control besides
insects

• fungus
• bacteria
• mites(related to spiders and are not an insect)

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Why are biological controls becoming more
popular?

• Less expensive
• doesnt harm the environment or poison living
  organisms
• chemicals arent working anymore as pests become
  resistant

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Name a plant that natural pesticides can be made
from

• basil
• big sagebrush
• chilcuan
• mamey
• calamuse
• the neem tree

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How does a spray oil control an insect and is it
harmful to the environment?

• Kills the eggs
• no

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What is it called when a plant secretes chemicals
which inhibit the growth or seed germination of
another competing plant?

• Allelopathy

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Insect Life CycleComplete Metamorphosis
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Incomplete Metamorphosis