Present Perfect, Present Perfect Progressive, and Simple Past Tense

1
Unit 3

• Present Perfect, Present Perfect Progressive, and
  Simple Past Tense

2
Notice the contrast in the tenses

• Present perfect present perfect progressive
• Things started in the past, continue to present,
  and may continue to future.
• Simple Past
• Things happened and completed in the pastnot
  connected to the present.

3
Again, a clear contrast

• Present Perfect
• things happened at unspecified time in past
• Simple Past
• Things happened at specific time in past.

4
Another contrast

• Present perfect
• A time period is unfinished.
• Simple past
• A time period is finished.

5
Time of day as example of time period.

• Morning time period. asking about breakfast
• Use the Present perfect until noon. (morning not
  finished)
• Have you eaten breakfast?
• Use Simple past after noon. (Morning finished)
• Did you eat breakfast this morning?

6
Additional Contrast

• Present Perfect
• An activity or state is finished.
• Present Perfect Progressive
• An activity is unfinished. (in progress)

7
Unit 4

• Past Perfect and Past Perfect Progressive

8
Past perfect

• Past perfect describes an event that happened
  before another past event.
• (There are two events. Both are in the past.)
• He learned that his student film had won an
  award.
• First (earlier) eventthe award for his film
• Second (later) eventreceived the information

9
January 1, 2005

• Write sentences about yourself with this date.
  Use examples with actions that are completed.
• By January 1, 2005, I had moved back to the
  United States.
• (Note 1)

10
Past perfect progressive

• Now make true past perfect progressive sentences
  related to past perfect sentences you created.
• Focus on the process, not the end result.
• I had been working in Mexico before I started
  working at IVC.
• (Note 2)

11
Drawing conclusions based on evidence.

• Use past perfect progressive
• Evidence
• Cecilia got lost going to Los Angeles.
• Conclusion
• She had been driving on the wrong freeway.
• Note 3

12
Order of events

• Past perfect or past perfect progressive is the
  earlier event.
• Simple past tense is the later event.
• Example I had been driving back to El Centro
  when I saw the Perseid meteor shower.
• Earlier event driving
• Later event saw the meteors
• (Note 4)

13
Emphasis on first event

• My old computer had Windows 98 and there were no
  more updates from Microsoft for it.
• I had already decided to get a new computer.
• First event my decision emphasized
• Later event no updates for Windows 98
• Note 5

14
Clear relationship between 2 past events

• After I received my masters degree, I got a
  teaching job.
• As soon as I received my masters degree, I got a
  teaching job.
• Before I got a teaching job, I received my
  masters degree.
• (Simple past for both events often used)
• Note 6

15

• Time expression used with past perfect and past
  perfect continuous.
• By 2003, I had bought a house.
• Note 7