Robotic Surgery

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Robotic Surgery

• Shawn Volpe

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Types of Robotic Surgery

• Tele-surgical system
• Surgeon preforms remote surgery from anywhere in
  the world that controls a robot.
• Shared-control system.
• Surgeon tells the computer what task to complete
  and the robot will carry out the task on its own.
• Supervisory-controlled
• Procedure solely done by the computer from a
  predetermined plan.

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What is Robotic Surgery

• Done under anesthesia.
• Extremely small incisions or holes are made. One
  for the entrance of the endoscope.
• Endoscope outputs highly magnified 3D images of
  area.
• Surgeon moves devices to control robotic arms
  that make precise movements.
• In May 1998, Dr. Friedrich-Wilhelm Mohr using the
  da Vinci Surgical System performed the first
  robotically assisted heart bypass in Germany.

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Advantages

• Much smaller incisions-1 cm diameter.
• Quicker recovery period
• Minimal scaring.
• Less chance for infections
• Movements can be smaller and more precise.
• No hand tremors
• Surgeon comfort
• Surgeon can sit in a comfortable room without
  disease.

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Da Vinci

• The first and only commercial robotic surgery
  machine. (Tele-Surgical System)
• Consists of
• 4 interactive robotic arms.
• A Console for the surgeon to work from.
• Endowrist joystick like control module.
• State of the art vision system.
• Robotic arms operate in real time as the surgeon
  moves the patented Endowrists.

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Current Applications

• Coronary artery bypass
• Cutting away cancer tissue from sensitive parts
  of the body such as blood vessels, nerves, or
  important body organs
• Gallbladder removal
• Hip replacement
• Hysterectomy
• Kidney removal
• Kidney transplant
• Mitral valve repair
• Pyeloplasty (surgery to correct ureteropelvic
  junction obstruction)
• Pyloroplasty
• Radical prostatectomy
• Tubal ligation

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Future Direction

• The more technology equals less human
  involvement.
• Main goal is completely removing human error.
• Fully computerized and pre-calculated surgeries.
  More Supervisory controlled systems.
• Trust in computers and technology is a true
  limitation.

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Bibliography

• "Da Vinci Changing the Experience of Surgery." Da
  Vinci Surgery. n. page. Print. lthttp//www.davinci
  surgery.com/gt.
• Dong, Babboo. "Robotic Surgery." n. page. Print.
  lthttp//biomed.brown.edu/Courses/BI108/BI108_2005_
  Groups/04/gt.
• Lanfranco, Anthony R. "Robotic Surgery A Current
  Perspective." Annals of Surgery. n. page. Print.
  lthttp//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13561
  87/gt.
• Miller, MD, Scott. "Robotic Surgery." n. page.
  Print. lthttp//www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/ar
  ticle/007339.htmgt.
• Somadi, David. "Robotic Surgery." Robotic
  Oncology. n. page. Print.