Engineers Without Borders

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Engineers Without Borders - USA Overview
A non-profit volunteer humanitarian organization.
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• 1.2 billion lack clean water
• 2.4 billion lack adequate sanitation
• 2.4 billion are at risk with malaria
• 29,000 children die from hunger daily
• 1.1 billion overfed vs. 1.1 billion underfed

BACKGROUND

• 1.2 billion lack adequate housing
• 1.6 billion have no access to electricity
• 4.2 billion are unable to read
• 1.8 billion live in conflict zones, in
  transition, or in situations of permanent
  instability

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• There are 2.2 billion children in the world
• More than 50 live in extreme deprivation
  associated with poverty, war, or AIDS
• 29,000 die of hunger and malady daily
• 640 million have no adequate shelter
• 500 million have no access to sanitation
• 400 million lack safe drinking water
• 270 million have no healthcare
• 140 million have never gone to school
• 90 million are severely food deprived
• 2 million affected by AIDS with 0.5 million dying
  of it each year

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IN THE NEXT TWO DECADES, ALMOST 2 BILLION
ADDITIONAL PEOPLE WILL POPULATE THE EARTH. THIS
GROWTH WILL CREATE DEMANDS ON AN UNPRECEDENTED
SCALE FOR
ENERGY PRODUCTION
FOOD SUPPLY
WATER PRESERVATION
WASTE DISPOSAL
ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANUP
SUITABLE LIVING CONDITIONS
HEALTH CARE
INFRASTRUCTURE
MATERIALS HANDLING
LAND STABILIZATION
EARTH MOVING
TRANSPORTATION DEMAND
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• The majority of the worlds designers focus all
  their efforts on developing products and services
  exclusively for the richest 10 of the worlds
  customers. Nothing less than a revolution in
  design is needed to reach the other 90.
• Dr. Paul Polak, International Development
  Enterprises
• Science and technology are linked to economic
  growth scientific and technical capabilities
  determine the ability to provide clean water,
  good health care, adequate infrastructure, and
  safe food.
• Dr. Calestous Juma, Kennedy School of
  GovernmentThere is less than one scientist or
  engineer for every 10,000 people in Africa
  compared to 2 to 5 per 1000 in Europe and USA.
  UNESCO
• WHY NOT ENGINEERING FOR THE
  OTHER 90

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Engineers Without Borders - USA
www.ewb-usa.org

• Partners with developing communities to improve
  quality of life
• Implements environmentally and economically
  sustainable engineering projects
• Develops internationally responsible engineers
  and engineering students
• Involves 11,000 members, 271 chapters, 350
  projects in 45 countries

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Our Goals

• Empower developing communities by developing
  locally sustainable solutions
• Building the capacity in the community to
  continue improving the quality of life.
• Promote long-term relationships between chapters
  and a community
• A single project is not enough. We embrace the
  community.
• Community solutions require long-term thinking.
• Project implementation over multiple years builds
  trust, knowledge transfer and sustainability.
• Educate students and professionals.
• Continuity among the student chapter, the
• professional leaders, and the community
• The community, the students and the
• professionals grow with each project
• Develop Internationally responsible engineers

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The Vision

• EWB-USA's outward vision is a world where all
  people have access to the knowledge and resources
  with which to meet their basic human needs
• Promote sustainable development in such areas
  as
• water supply and sanitation
• food production and processing
• housing and construction
• energy, transportation and communication
• income generation
• employment creation

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Cost Effective Implementation
Sustainability
Technological Verification
Consumer Demand
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Appropriate and Sustainable Technology is highly
cost effective.
Product Input US Output/Yr US
Treadle pumps, Bangladesh 1 million installed 7 million 100 million
Rope pumps, Nicaragua 50,000 installed 1 million 10 million
Fuel-Efficient Pumps, IndiaAround 3,000 in use 0.1 million 1.25 million in sales
Latrines, Bangladesh 10 million 8 million savings in health
From Smart Water Solutions , NWP (2006)
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Developing a New Generation of Engineers for the
21st Century

• Facilitators of
• Sustainable Development
• Appropriate Technology
• Social and Economic Change
• Capacity Building
• Engineers as social entrepreneurs, community
  builders, peace makers
• Service above self
• Making a difference in the world
• Designing for the other 90 (P. Polak).

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Engineering Skills

• Problems are varied
• Designs range from Simple to complex
• Implementation is always challenging

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EWBs Projects

• Water Supply 50
• Energy Projects 16
• Sanitation Projects- 11
• Structures Projects 10
• Agricultural Projects 9
• Bridge/road Projects 4

Low Tech, High Impact projects that save lives
while developing the next generation of globally
aware engineers
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Water Projects

• The primary need of many developing communities
  is safe water

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UN Millennium Goal

• By 2015, reduce by half the number of people that
  do not have access to safe drinking water and
  sanitation

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Access to Potable Water

• Water usage comparison
• The average American individual uses
  approximately 400 gallons of water at home
  including watering yard
• UN standard is about 5 gallons per person each
  day
• More than 200 million hours spent each day by
  women and children to collect water from distant,
  often polluted sources
• Water systems fail at a rate of 50 or higher

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Need for Potable Water

• Contaminated water is the cause of 80 of the
  worlds diseases (WHO)
• 3.4 million people die from preventable
  waterborne illnesses each year
• 4,000 children die every day from waterborne
  illnesses

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MALI

• Diesel deep well pump stopped working in 1986.
• Villagers resorted to hand dug well
• Simple, safe pump system installed

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• Low flow
• High fecal coliform levels
• Turbid
• Originate largely from runoff, some go dry

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Diagnosis and Mitigation Environmental Health
Problems
Mercury
Cyanide
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Health Survey Results
Respondents Top 5 Most Significant Diseases
Diarrhea 69.6
Malaria 56.5
Stomach Illness 39.1
Typhoid 30.4
Dysentery 26.1
Fever 26.1
Cholera 13.0

• 23 surveys completed
• Lack of clean water and hygiene cited most often
  as cause of illness

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Water Testing

• Testing
• HACH test strips
• Turbidity tube
• 3M Petrifilm for total coliform and e-coli w/
  homemade incubator (heating pad in suitcase)
• Watersafe kits (P/A coliform, lead, hardness,
  pesticides, etc)
• Bacteria, coliform, and pesticides evident
• Current ozone filter has not been changed, is not
  being utilized due to cost and lack of knowledge
  about system

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Backwash tank

• Bring Your Own Water Treatment SystemGravity
  fed settling tank / rapid sand filter / PV
  powered UV bulb
• Inputted off-scale-high turbidity and bacteria
  count and reduced it to nearly 0 CFU.
• Maintenance cost is around 50 per year.

Tube settling tank (input)
Power from 102 Watt solar panel
UV Light bulb (output)
Rapid sand filter
Muramba, Rwanda
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Before
Cameroon

• Not operational

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After

• Contaminant free!
• Only 1/3 of the yield needed

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Installed Irrigation System
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Drip Irrigation
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PARTICIPATION COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
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• Yanayo, Bolivia
• Replaced current open-fire stove with Lorena-type
  stove
• Taught local community members how to build stoves

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Yanayo, Bolivia
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USE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS
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MERCHANDIZE PRODUCTS ON LINE
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Organization 501c3 Non Profit Based in
Longmont, CO Membership over 10,000 individuals
70 Student Membership (150 chapters) 30
Professional Membership (70 chapters) Annual
Growth over 50

• Projects
• Projects in 2007 - 250 in 50 countries
• (two years ago - 70 Projects)
• Demand exceeds delivery capacity
• Sponsors
• Philanthropic Groups, inc Rotary
• Energy and Engineering organizations
• US EPA, United Nations, USAID
• CH2MHill, Chevron Texaco, others

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EWB-USA Projects

• We work with more than 100 communities
  world-wide.
• The average project has approximately 12-15
  volunteers. Travel teams usually range from 4-8
  volunteers.
• The average cost of a project ranges from
  15,000-35,000.
• Students gain valuable field experience not
  necessarily found on a university campus.
• Affect the lives of over 1 Million people
  worldwide
• These projects are initiated by, and completed
  with, contributions from the host community,
  which is trained to operate the systems without
  external assistance. In this way, EWB-USA ensures
  that its projects are appropriate and
  self-sustaining.

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Participation in a Project

• All EWB-USA projects are conducted through
  chapters.
• Any adult can participate in an EWB-USA project.
  This includes engineers, teachers, business
  people, health professionals etc.
• We require that all projects have someone with
  the technical capabilities overseeing the
  technical design of the project.
• Health professionals, education professionals,
  business professionals, and people proficient in
  languages and cultures all have something
  valuable to add to these projects.

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Bolivia Projects

• We are working with a local group that supports
  EWB to coordinate projects locally. Engineers In
  Action (EIA) is located in La Paz and has
  previous experience coordinating projects for EWB
  Chapters
• http//www.engineersinaction.org

Projects Under Application w/ EWB-USA
Zuncallo Intake and Aqueduct System for
irrigation Comucala Intake and Aqueduct System
for irrigation
Projects Under Investigation
Molli Pongo Intake and Aqueduct System for
irrigation San Lorenzo Enlarge a community
hospital Patapani - Potable water system for
drinking
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Our Project!!!
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Zuncallo,Bolivia

• Located in the Altiplano (high plain) of Bolivia.
• 100 families struggle to survive in the dry,
  cold land where the steep terrain make producing
  crops difficult.
• Goal
• Design an irrigation system and help educate the
  community to make crop production more
  successful.
• Potentially create excess marketable crops to
  generate income in the community.

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Project Team

• Air Force Academy Cadet Chapter
• Colorado Springs Professional Chapter

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Ways to get involved

• Join a Professional or Student Chapter
• Help start the Colorado Springs Professional
  Chapter
• UCCS and the Air Force Academy now have ACTIVE
  Student Chapters
• Boulder, Denver Fort Collins also have
  Professional Chapters
• Become a mentor for a student project
• Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)
• Reviews and approves all EWB projects and designs
• Provides QA/QC for all EWB-USA projects prior
  to implementation
• There are currently four regional TACs
• EWB-USA plans to create two additional regional
  TACs by summer of 2007, each with 15-25
  practicing engineers and health professionals.
• Water/Sanitation, Energy, Health, Construction
• Liaison
• Helps to track the projects in a specific country
  
• Monthly phone call to chapters in that country to
  help disseminate information within that country

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Thank you!
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Questions ?

• Colorado Springs Professional Chapter
• Website www.ewbcos.org
• E-mails
• Nicole Nicole.Mosby_at_ch2m.com
• Lisa LBarbato_at_CSU.org