Tools, Technologies and Inventions through the years

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Tools, Technologies and Inventions through the
years
How do science concepts, engineering skills and
applications of technology improve the quality of
life? ??????????? ? ????? The Most Influential
Inventions of All Time
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History

• The history of technology is the history of the
  invention of tools and techniques.
• These inventions have enabled people to create
  and accomplish many new things.
• Technological innovations affect, and are
  affected by, a society's cultural traditions.
• Technological artifacts are products of a
  societys economy, a force for economic growth,
  and a large part of everyday life.

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Why?

• The invention of tools and techniques is evidence
  of a societys ability to solve problems that
  were encountered in every day life.

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What is a tool?

• The most basic tools are simple machines. When
  particularly intended for domestic use, a tool is
  often called a utensil.

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Types of Tools

• Why do you think a knife is a necessary tool?
  For example, if you were stranded by yourself on
  a desert island, would you want a
  knife? Why?
• Cutting tools, such as the knife, scissors or an
  axe, are wedge-shaped implements that produce a
  shearing force along a narrow face.

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Discuss it

• Would you need a knife to make a shelter?
• Would you need a knife to help with your food?
• What other kinds of things would you be able to
  do with a knife?

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Types of tools

• Moving tools, move large and small things. All
  these tools move items by some kind of force. for
  example
• Concentrating force tools . These operate by
  applying physical compression to a surface.
• Writing implements deliver a fluid to a surface
  via compression to activate the ink cartridge.
• Grabbing and twisting nuts and blots with pliers,
  a glove, or a wrench
• Inclined planes, wedges and pulleys help move
  large items.

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Discuss it

• Have you ever built anything with wood? Did you
  use a hammer or screwdriver?
• What do you think people did before hammers?
  What problems did they have?

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Types of tools

• When do you use these types of tools? How do
  they help?
• If you had only one piece of paper and a pen and
  had to draw a perfect square, would you want a
  ruler? Why?
• Guiding and measuring tools include the ruler,
  set square, and straightedge.

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Types of tools

• Fastening tools, such as welders, rivet guns,
  nail guns, glue guns, and glue help us by
  fastening things together.
• When do you use tools like these? How do they
  help you?
• Imagine driving a car that was put together
  without any fastening toolswould you want to?
  Why or why not?

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Early Civilizations and tools

• There were three main time periods or ages when
  tools were the main technological development
  The Stone Age, the Bronze Age and the Iron Age.

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The Stone Age

• The first tool-makers!
• This period of time is called the Stone Age
  because these very early men created tools from
  stone. The Stone Age ran from about 2 million
  years ago to about 10,000 years ago.

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Why did they need tools?

• Humans did not have strong claws to help them
  fight. They could not out run saber-toothed
  tigers or cave lions. Man had to get smart to
  survive! At this time, man began creating stone
  tools to help live more comfortably, and to
  better protect themselves against the many meat
  eating animals of the time.

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200,000 years later
Man learns to make FIRE!   DISCUSS How do you
think the ability to make fire changed life?
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A collection of stone age tools
Can you guess which tools were used for what?
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Discuss

• How do you think it happened that the first stone
  tool was used or made? What problem do you think
  someone may have had that they solved with a
  stone tool?

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The Bronze Age

• The Stone Age developed into the Bronze Age .
• During this period in the development of
  technology is when metals were first used
  regularly in the manufacture of tools and
  weapons.

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• Mining, smelting, and casting became organized
  efforts.

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Bronze Age Tools
Can you guess which tools were used for what?
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Discuss

• What made bronze tools better than stone tools?
• What kinds of things could be done easier with
  bronze tools than with stone tools?
• What could improve bronze tools?

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The Iron Age

• The Iron Age involved the adoption of iron
  smelting technology. It generally replaced
  bronze, and made it possible to produce tools
  which were stronger and cheaper to make than
  bronze equivalents.

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Iron Age Tools
Can you guess which tools were used for what?
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Ancient Egyptians

• The Egyptians invented and used many simple
  machines, such as the ramp to aid construction
  processes.
• How did this allow them to build bigger and
  better buildings?

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Ancient Egyptians

• They were among the first to extract gold by
  large-scale mining using fire-setting, and the
  first recognizable map. Egyptian paper, made from
  papyrus, and pottery was mass produced.

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India

• India is notable for its early application of
  city planning and sanitation technologies. Cites
  in the Indus Valley offer some of the first
  examples of closed gutters, public baths, and
  communal granaries.
• India was also at the forefront of seafaring
  technology . Ship construction is vividly
  described in an ancient Indian text on
  Shipbuilding.

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China

• The Chinese made many first-known discoveries and
  developments early seismological detectors,
  matches, paper, the double-action piston pump,
  the iron plough, the wheelbarrow, the suspension
  bridge, the parachute, the magnetic compass, the
  raised-relief map, the propeller.

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Greece

• Greek engineers invented many technologies.
• Heron of Alexandria invented a basic steam
  engine, watermill and windmill.
• Archimedes invented several machines. One example
  is the Archimedean screw.
• Other technologies invented by Greek scientists
  include the ballistae, and primitive analog
  computers.

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Moving into current times

• From ancient civilizations until now, there have
  been many inventions, discoveries, and
  development of technologies.
• In current society, when man is faced with a
  problem, he naturally searches for an answer. If
  he can not find one, he will create one using
  current knowledge.