W650 Wind Generator Protection System

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W650 Wind Generator Protection System

• System Protection Improved Operational Uptime

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Why W650?

• Protection to Provide Backup to Wind Turbine
  Controls Excitation
• Better Wind Farm Economics by Improving System
  Uptime Time to Restoration
• Address Lack of Wind Turbine System Event
  Diagnostics

Diagnostic in W650 can tell what happened, why,
and when to the mSec
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What is the W650?

• Part of an Overall Protection System but can be
  used as a stand alone protective device
• Overlay to Existing Wind Turbine Farm Control
  by Providing Unit Protection, Wind Farm System
  Protection, Unit, System Diagnostics

Substation Protection Controller
W650 1 in Wind Turbine
Windfarm Substation Protection Controller sends
Trip and Block Commands to and From
W650s W650s can also send trip and block
commands to each other
W650 2 in Wind Turbine
W650 n in Wind Turbine
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Some Definitions
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Definition of Larger Wind Farm System (Units gt
1MW on a Coordinated Farm)
Utility (e.g. 33kV)
Tie Breaker
Line
Transformer Breaker
Step Up Transformer
Bus Breaker
Bus
Windfarm Substation
Collector Feeder Breakers
Collector Bus
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Definitions with Wind Turbine
Wind Tower
Wind Tower Breaker
Collector System Voltage (e.g. - 3kV or 13.8
depends on MW size of Generator Presence
Transformer)
Transformer
Generator Output Voltage (e.g. - 575V or 3kV
depends on MW size of Generator)
Excitation
Generator
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Sources of Faults

• Inside the Wind Turbine
• Tower Cable
• Transformer Faults
• Wiring Inside the Electrical Distribution Panel
• Wind Turbine Generator
• Excitation System Fault

• On the Wind Farm
• Collector Bus Cable Fault
• Step Up Transformer
• Substation Bus Structure Fault
• Feeder Fault Impact on Stability
• External to the Wind Farm
• Voltage Stability
• Reverse Power Flow

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How Faults Manifest Themselves

• Inside the Wind Turbine
• IOC, TOC, Ground Fault
• On the Wind Farm
• Voltage/Current Unbalance
• External to the Wind Farm
• IOC, TOC, Voltage Stability

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Subjects for Discussion Gaps Today

1. No backup Protection in Wind Turbines/Towers
   Need for a System Wide Protective Application
   apart from Control
2. Lack of Coordinated Event Record Oscillography
   make it Difficult to Determine What Happened
   When, resulting in Prolonged Time to Return to
   Service
3. Lack of Overall Coordinated Wind Farm System
   Protection can result in Lack of Operational
   Selectivity and Reduced System Uptime

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What does the W650 do ?
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W650 Wind Turbine Protection Capabilities

• W650 for Protection, Metering, and Coordination
  to Upstream Substation Protection
• Communications to GE Wind Turbine Controller via
  CANopen protocol
• Available Protection Under/overvoltage,
  Under/overfrequency, voltage unbalance,
  directional over-current, zero sequence
  overvoltage, aux voltage, and breaker failure

Configurable Display LEDs
Keypad Shuttle
Front Port Upload Download
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W650 Hardware Construction
The W650 features advantage such as

• Modular hardware architecture
• Main CPU board with two plug and play comm boards
• Universal magnetic (CTs VTs) module
• Programmable I/O module
• Single or redundant power supply
• Front board HMI ( Graphical or alphanumerical
  display, LEDs, RS232)
• Modern and open communication protocols for easy
  integration

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W650 Wind Turbine Protection (cont)

• Metering current (/- 0.5), voltage (/- 1),
  power(/-1), energy (1), power factor (0.02)
• Event capture up to 479 events time stamped to
  1mSec
• Oscillography Up to 20 oscillography files
  programmable from 4-64 samples/cycle, 1MB of
  data, analog and digital signals. Retrievable
  via front panel or system communications.
• Monitoring 4x20 character display optional
  graphic display

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W650 Wind Turbine Protection (cont)

• Control programmable unit control
• Communications IEC61850 communications to peer
  W650s and Substation Protection Relays

Substation Protection Controller
W650 1 in Wind Turbine
IEC61850 Communications Protocol Uses Ethernet to
Send Block and Trip Commands from WTG Relays to
Substation Controller as well as via Peer to Peer
W650 2 in Wind Turbine
W650 n in Wind Turbine
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W650 Wiring
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How does the W650 Integrate into the Entire Wind
Farm?
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Examples of Wind Farm Protection Requirements

• Open Collector Breakers Upon Fault in Cable to
  Host Utility
• All Wind Turbines, Selective, or Entire Collector
• Open Collector Breakers Upon Transformer Fault
• All Wind Turbines, Selective, or Entire Collector
• Collector Bus Cable fault Requires Selective Trip
  Wind Turbine Breakers
• Issues in a Specific Wind Turbine to Prompt Block
  Command to Other Wind Turbines

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Electrical Protection Topology
Interconnect Protection
GSU Protection
Bus Protection
Feeder Protection
Feeder Protection
Feeder Protection
Feeder Protection
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
Turb. Prot.
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Network Topology
Interconnect Protection
GSU Protection
Bus Protection
Feeder Protection
Feeder Protection
Feeder Protection
Feeder Protection
Ethernet Switch
Turb. Prot.
Feeder 2
Feeder 3
Feeder 4
Enet Switch
Protection System Overlays Parallel Control System
Turb. Prot.
Enet Switch

• Fault Tolerant Ring
• Support WTG outside a break in the ring
• Requires 2 Fiber Strands
• Worst case 1 micro Sec Delay by Switch
• Unmanaged Switch in WTG
• Managed Switch w/VLAN in Substation

Turb. Prot.
Enet Switch
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Alternate Network Topology (if 3rd Party Wind
Farm Protection is Used)
Other Suppliers Protection
Hardwired IO
Sub controller
Ethernet Switch
Turb. Prot.
Feeder 2
Feeder 3
Feeder 4
Enet Switch
Turb. Prot.
Enet Switch
Turb. Prot.
Enet Switch
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Transfer Trip Capabilities of W650

• send a block or transfer trip from the
  protection offering in the Wind Farm substation
  protection (GE or other) to entire collector bus
  or individual wind turbine
• block or transfer trip command from
  individual wind turbine to substation protection

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Transfer Trip Example

• Transformer Protection detects Differential Fault
  and Initiates Transfer Trip Command
• Transformer Breaker Opens
• Collector Bus W650s Receive Transfer Trip
  Command and Issue Command to Trip Breaker
• Collector Bus and WTGs Isolated

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Economics

• Yellow Items Represent Customer Specific
  Variables
• Payback Calculated on Improved System Operations
• Equipment/Personnel Damage Avoidance Not Included

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How do I get more information?
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Support Resources Available from GE Multilin

• Available On-line at www.gemultilin.com
• Product Cut Sheet
• Product Presentation
• Whitepaper on Transfer Trip Technologies and
  Benefits
• Guideform Specification to Assist Consultants and
  EPCs
• Wiring/Installation Information
• Pricing and Ordering Information Available On-Line

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Ordering Information

• Greenfield Installations
• Specify to Wind Turbine OEM Wind Farm EPC
• Request to Include with Wind Farm Substation and
  Wind Turbines
• Field Integration Services Available
• Retrofit Bill of Material
• 1 W650 per Wind Turbine
• 1 Ethernet Switch per Wind Turbine (GE Multilin
  model ML600)
• 1 Ethernet Switch in Wind Farm Substation (GE
  Multilin model ML2400)
• Substation Protection Controller (GE Multilin C30)

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Who to Contact for Questions

• GE Multilin John Garrity, 518.877.8860,
  john.garrity_at_ge.com
• GE PSEC tbd
• GE Wind - tbd