A simplified Flow Chart for Thermal Science

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A simplified Flow Chart for Thermal Science
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• A complete thermal system Solar Power Plant
• Heat received by collector due to solar
  irradiation.
• Heat transfer to working fluid (oil or molten
  salt) by convection and conduction.
• High-temperature fluid heats water into steam
  via heat exchanger.
• Steam flows through typical thermodynamic
  cycle(s) (ex. Rankine cycle) to generate
  electricity
• Cycle consists of a series of processes (ex.
  isentropic expansion in turbine, isentropic
  compression in pump, heat loss to condenser.)
• Work and energy balance will be calculated using
  1st law of thermodynamics and thermal properties
  of working fluids.
• Fluid principles be used to analyze flow work in
  pump and turbine, pressure loss in piping system,
  convection in solar collectors.
• Thermal efficiency and availability calculated
  using 2nd law of thermodynamics

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• Solar Irradiation
• Wind Energy
• Fossil Fuels (Chemical Energy)
• Electric Energy
• Thermal Energy

Energy Exchange
Q Heat Transfer
Thermal Systems Solar Power Plant Wind Energy
Power Plant Jet Engine Internal Combustion
Engine Refrigeration Heating Equipment Thermal
Bubble Inkjet Printer Electronic Cooling Package

• Wasteful Byproducts
• Thermal Pollution
• Air/Water Pollution
• Toxic Contamination

DU Internal Energy Change

• Generate Electrical Energy
• Transform into Mechanical Energy
• Electric Energy Input
• Inkjet Printing

W Work
Work Input and Output
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Energy Balance Process DU Q W, Cycle DU 0,
QcycleWcycle Thermal Efficiency Power cycle h
Wout/Qin Refrigeration cycle b Qin/Wcycle

• Relevant Issues
• Understand fundamentals of thermal science
• Improve efficiency of existing thermal system
• Reduce environmental pollution
• Greenhouse effect, ozone depletion
• Devise innovative thermal technology
• Interdisciplinary knowledge is required
• Methodology used
• System definition and modeling
• Thermal properties identification
• Apply engineering principles
• Mass, momentum, energy conservation
• First and Second laws of Thermodynamics
• Heat transfer modes

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Turbine
Cooling water
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