9. Nation Building and Nationalism

1
9. Nation Building and Nationalism

• Nationalism

2
Expansion and Migration

• 1818 Boundary set between Canada and US.
• New States Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee
• Adams-Onis Treaty Spain gives Florida to the US.
• American Fur Trade developed in Oregon Country
  (John Jacob Astor)

3
Moving West in Early Years

• Legendary figures Jedediah Smith, Jim Bridger,
  Kit Carson and Jim Beckwourth (African-American)
• In literature Natty Bumppo from Last of the
  Mohicans (James Fennimore Cooper)

4
Western Settlement

• Economic pressures
• Improved transportation
• Immigrants
• Settlement moved west.

5
Native Americans

• Continue to be pushed west of the Mississippi
  River both in the Old Northwest and the South.
• Series of treaties and wars

6
Five Civilized Tribesof the Southeast

• Cherokee
• Chickasaw
• Choctaw
• Creek
• Seminole
• Adopted white cultural traits
• Government attempts removal

Sequoyah
7
Population Shift

• As Native Americans left, settlers filled the
  void
• Population west of the Appalachians increased
  greatly.
• Land speculators made

8
Culture of the Frontier

• New Englanders moved to Ohio, Indiana, Illinois
• Southerners moved to Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama
  and Mississippi
• Culture went with them

9
U.S. Population Growth

• Doubles from 1800 to 1825
• Doubles again from 1825 to 1850

10
Transportation

• Roads
• Lancaster Turnpike
• National Road (Cumberland Road)
• Canals
• Erie Canal
• Major lakes and rivers joined
• Steamboats

11
Commerce and BankingMarket Economy vs.
Subsistance

• Farmers now sold produce to intermediaries who
  then marketed the products
• New developments in transportation aided commerce

• Local banks were established to manage the credit
  that was so important to the system.

12
Early Industrialism

• Mechanical inventions
• Interchangeable Parts
• Cotton Gin
• Manufacturing moved from home to factory.
• Corporations raise capital

13
Factory System

• First in textiles
• Biggest success was the Lowell, Massachusetts
• Established a community
• Most workers were single white females
• Beginning of Labor Unions

14
President James Monroe

• The last of the Virginia Dynasty. Hand picked by
  James Madison
• The Era of Good Feelings
• 1817 1825

15
Era of Good Feelings

• One party in power (Jeffersonian) Republicans
• Spirit of nationalism, optimism, and good will.

16
Economic Good Times

• Henry Clay, Senator from Kentucky
• Wanted to promote economic development
• American System
• Protective tariffs
• National Bank
• Internal improvements

17
Domestic Let the Good Times Roll

• Demand for American cotton, grain and tobacco.
• Second National Bank inflates prices
• Protective tariff slows the flood of British
  goods

18
Monroes Major Domestic Crisis

• North and the South disagreed over the admission
  of Missouri to U.S.
• Slave state
• Would have implications for the admission of
  other states in Louisiana Purchase

19
The Missouri Compromise

• Maine Free state
• Missouri- Slave state
• The rest of the Louisiana Purchase would remain
  free
• Henry Clay proposed

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Domestic John Marshalls Court

• Helps to centralize governmental powers
• Encourage economic growth
• Protect the individual rights of citizens

22
Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)

• Private contract can not be altered by the state.

23
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

• Federal government can charter banks
• State can not tax federal agency
• Federal laws are supreme over state laws.
• Doctrine of implied powers

24
Gibbons v. Ogden (1821)

• Federal government has broad control of
  interstate commerce.

25
Foreign Affairs

• Barbary coast Free use of Mediterranean
• Canada Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817). Limits
  arms in Great Lakes
• Treaty of 1818 Lessons tensions with GB and
  sets boundary between U.S. and Canada
• Acquiring Florida from Spain.

26
Latin American Revolutions

• 1810, revolutions began in Latin America.
• Britain and US feared that the new European
  governments would try to restore to the former
  royal owners.
• Until 1822 U.S. remained neutral

27
Monroe Doctrine is Issued

• The American continents are henceforth not to be
  considered as subjects for future colonization by
  any European powers.
• U.S. would not interfere in Europe.
• 30 year break in foreign involvement for the US.

28
Impact of Monroe Doctrine

• Angered Europe, but did nothing
• Had support of Great Britain
• By 1840 it becomes the cornerstone of U.S.
  foreign policy

29
Panic of 1819

• Fractured the Era of Good Feelings
• Bank of the US had tightened credit
• Many state banks closed
• Increase in unemployment
• Bankruptcies
• Imprisonment for debt

30
The Partys Over

• Economic Depression from 1819 1823
• Isolation is over with the Monroe Doctrine
• Issue of slavery divides the country (Missouri
  Compromise)
• The Era of Good Feelings collapses.