The abrahamic covenant

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The abrahamic covenant The New Covenant

• New Covenant Theology
• Steve Atkerson Atlanta, Georgia
• New Testament Reformation Fellowship

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1. Land, 121, 7a
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The LORD said to Abram . . . "Lift up your eyes
and look from the place where you are, northward
and southward and eastward and westward, for all
the land that you see I will give to you and to
your offspring (seed KJV) forever (olam).
Genesis 1314-15, ESV
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1. Land, 121, 7a 2. Great Nation (Seed),
122a, 7
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And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto
thy seed will I give this land Genesis 127
KJV Then the LORD appeared to Abram and said,
"To your offspring I will give this land.
Genesis 127, ESV
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1. Land, 121, 7a 2. Seed, 122a 3. Blessing,
123b
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What then shall we say was gained by  Abraham,
our forefather according to the flesh?   For if
Abraham was justified by works, he has something
to boast about, but not before God.   For what
does the Scripture say? Abraham believed God,
and it was counted to him as righteousness.
  Now to the one who works, his wages are not
counted as a gift but as his due.   And to the
one who does not work but believes in him who
justifies the ungodly, his faith is counted as
righteousness,  just as David also speaks of the
blessing of the one to whom God counts
righteousness apart from works  Blessed are
those whose lawless deeds are forgiven, and whose
sins are covered blessed is the man against whom
the Lord will not count his sin. Romans
41-8, ESV
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 In hope he (Abraham) believed against hope, that
he should become the father of many nations, as
he had been told, So shall your offspring be.
 He did not weaken in faith when he considered
his own body, which was as good as dead (since he
was about a hundred years old), or when he
considered the barrenness of Sarah's womb.  No
distrust made him waver concerning the promise of
God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave
glory to God,  fully convinced that God was able
to do what he had promised.  That is why his
faith was counted to him as righteousness.  But
the words it was counted to him were not
written for his sake alone,  but for ours also.
It will be counted to us who believe in him who
raised from the dead Jesus our Lord,  who was
delivered up for our trespasses and raised for
our justification. Romans 418-25 (ESV)
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And the men who transgressed my covenant and did
not keep the terms of the covenant that they made
before me, I will make them like the calf that
they cut in two and passed between its parts
 the officials of Judah, the officials of
Jerusalem, the eunuchs, the priests, and all the
people of the land who passed between the parts
of the calf. Jeremiah 3418-19 (ESV)
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. . . even with a man-made covenant, no one
annuls it or adds to it once it has been
ratified. Now the promises were made to Abraham
and to his offspring . . . the law, which came
430 years afterward, does not annul a covenant
previously ratified by God, so as to make the
promise void.  For if the inheritance comes by
the law, it no longer comes by promise but God
gave it to Abraham by a promise. Galatians
315-18
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We say that faith was counted to Abraham as
righteousness.   How then was it counted to him?
Was it before or after he had been
circumcised? It was not after, but before he
was circumcised (Ge 15).   He received the
sign of circumcision (Ge 17) as a seal of the
righteousness that he had by faith while he was
still uncircumcised. Romans 49b-11a
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everlasting (177, 13, 19) olam (5769) Olam
fundamentally means most distant times (future
or past) In some contexts it can mean
evelasting However, TWOT (1631a) points out
that neither the Hebrew nor the Greek word
(aion) in itself contains the idea of
endlessness. It is determined by context.
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olam literally means a long time (Holladay, p.
267). Olam is used 300 times to denote
indefinite continuance into the very distant
future
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olam literally means a long time (Holladay, p.
267). Olam is used 300 times to denote
indefinite continuance into the very distant
future ESV 1 Samuel 122, 28 (Hannah about
Samuel) "As soon as the child is weaned, I will
bring him, so that he may appear in the presence
of the LORD and dwell there forever . . . I have
lent him to the LORD. As long as he lives, he is
lent to the LORD."
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olam literally means a long time (Holladay, p.
267). Olam is used 300 times to denote
indefinite continuance into the very distant
future ESV 1 Samuel 122, 28 (Hannah about
Samuel) "As soon as the child is weaned, I will
bring him, so that he may appear in the presence
of the LORD and dwell there forever . . . I have
lent him to the LORD. As long as he lives, he is
lent to the LORD." NAS 1 Samuel 2712 So
Achish believed David, saying, "He has surely
made himself odious among his people Israel
therefore he will become my servant forever.
20
olam literally means a long time (Holladay, p.
267). Olam is used 300 times to denote
indefinite continuance into the very distant
future ESV 1 Samuel 122, 28 (Hannah about
Samuel) "As soon as the child is weaned, I will
bring him, so that he may appear in the presence
of the LORD and dwell there forever . . . I have
lent him to the LORD. As long as he lives, he is
lent to the LORD." NAS 1 Samuel 2712 So
Achish believed David, saying, "He has surely
made himself odious among his people Israel
therefore he will become my servant
forever. Key Idea It does not necessarily
contain the idea of endlessness, but rather of a
long duration or period (TWOT, II, p. 672).
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The Lord said, Shall I hide from Abraham what I
am about to do,  seeing that Abraham shall surely
become a great and mighty nation, and all the
nations of the earth shall be blessed in him?
Genesis 1817-18 (ESV)
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 I will surely bless you, and I will surely
multiply your offspring (seed) as the stars of
heaven and as the sand that is on the seashore.
And your offspring shall possess the gate of his
enemies,  and in your offspring (seed) shall all
the nations of the earth be blessed, because you
have obeyed my voice. Genesis 2217-18 (ESV)
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And the Lord appeared to him (Isaac) and said,
. . . I will establish the oath that I swore to
Abraham your father. I will multiply your
offspring (seed) as the stars of heaven and will
give to your offspring (seed) all these lands.
And in your offspring all the nations of the
earth shall be blessed . . . Genesis 262-4
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And the LORD appeared to him (Isaac) . . . and
said, "I am the God of Abraham your father. Fear
not, for I am with you and will bless you and
multiply your offspring (seed) for my servant
Abraham's sake. Genesis 2624 (ESV)
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 And he (Jacob) dreamed, and behold, there was a
ladder  set up on the earth, and the top of it
reached to heaven. And behold, the angels of God
were ascending and descending on it!  And behold,
the Lord stood above it  and said, . . . The
land on which you lie I will give to you and to
your offspring (seed).  Your offspring (seed)
shall be like the dust of the earth, and you
shall spread abroad to the west and to the east
and to the north and to the south, and in you and
your offspring shall all the families of the
earth be blessed. Genesis 2812-14
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And God said to him (Jacob), I am God
Almighty be fruitful and multiply. A nation
and a company of nations shall come from you, and
kings shall come from your own body.   The land
that I gave to Abraham and Isaac I will give to
you, and I will give the land to your offspring
after you. Genesis 3511-12
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And God spoke to Israel in visions of the night
and said, Jacob, Jacob. And he said, Here am
I.  Then he said, I am God, the God of your
father. Do not be afraid to go down to Egypt,
for there I will make you into a great nation.
Genesis 462-3 (ESV)
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Jacob said to Joseph, God Almighty appeared to
me at Luz in the land of Canaan and blessed me,
 and said to me, Behold, I will make you
fruitful and multiply you, and I will make of you
a company of peoples and will give this land to
your offspring after you for an everlasting
possession. Genesis 483-4
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Joseph said to his brothers, I am about to die,
but God will visit you and bring you up out of
this land to the land that he swore to Abraham,
to Isaac, and to Jacob. Genesis 5024 (ESV)
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God spoke to Moses and said to him, I am the
Lord.  I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to
Jacob, as God Almighty . . . I also established
my covenant with them to give them the land of
Canaan, the land in which they lived as
sojourners . . . I will bring you into the land
that I swore to give to Abraham, to Isaac, and to
Jacob. I will give it to you for a possession. I
am the Lord. Exodus 62-8 (ESV)
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Moses speaking Remember Abraham, Isaac, and
Israel, your servants, to whom you swore by your
own self, and said to them, I will multiply your
offspring as the stars of heaven, and all this
land that I have promised I will give to your
offspring, and they shall inherit it
forever. Exodus 3213 (ESV)
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Moses swore on that day, saying, Surely the land
on which your foot has trodden shall be an
inheritance for you and your children forever
(olam), because you have wholly followed the Lord
my God. Joshua 149 (ESV)
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Remember his covenant forever, the word that he
commanded, for a thousand generations, the
covenant that he made with Abraham, his sworn
promise to Isaac, which he confirmed as a statute
to Jacob, as an everlasting (olam) covenant to
Israel (Jacob), saying, "To you I will give the
land of Canaan, as your portion for an
inheritance. 1 Chronicles 1615-18
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  . . . He (God) confirmed to Jacob as a statute,
to Israel as an everlasting covenant, saying,
To you I will give the land of Canaan as your
portion for an inheritance. Psalm 10510-11
(ESV)
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• THE PROMISED LAND?
• Go from your country and your kindred and your
  father's house to the land that I will show you
• Genesis 121 (ESV)

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What can we deduce about the land
promise? Go from your country and your
kindred and your father's house to the land that
I will show you Genesis 121 (ESV)
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What can we deduce about the land promise? Let
Scripture interpret Scripture
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Thus the Lord gave to Israel all the land that he
swore to give to their fathers. And they took
possession of it, and they settled there . . .
Not one word of all the good promises that the
Lord had made to the house of Israel had
failed all came to pass. Joshua 2143-45
(ESV)
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What can we deduce about the land promise?
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Solomon ruled over all the kingdoms from the
Euphrates to the land of the Philistines and to
the border of Egypt. They brought tribute and
served Solomon all the days of his life. 1
Kings 421 To your offspring I give  this
land, from the river of Egypt to the great river,
the river Euphrates Genesis 1518 (ESV)
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What can we deduce about the land promise?
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You are the Lord, the God who chose Abram and
brought him out of Ur of the Chaldeans and gave
him the name Abraham.  You found his heart
faithful before you, and made with him the
covenant to give to his offspring the land of the
Canaanite . . . And you have kept your promise,
for you are righteous. Nehemiah 97-8 (ESV)
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What can we deduce about the land promise?
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Land promise was literally fulfilled
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Literally Literarily
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For he was looking forward to the city that has
foundations, whose designer and builder is God.
Hebrews 1110 (ESV)
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For he was looking forward to the city that has
foundations, whose designer and builder is God.
Hebrews 1110 (ESV) Then came one of the seven
angels . . . saying, Come, I will show you the
Bride, the wife of the Lamb.  And he carried me
away in the Spirit to a great, high mountain, and
showed me the holy city Jerusalem coming down out
of heaven from God,  having the glory of God . .
.  And the wall of the city had twelve
foundations, and on them were the twelve names of
the twelve apostles of the Lamb . . . And I saw
no temple in the city, for its temple is the Lord
God the Almighty and the Lamb.  And the city has
no need of sun or moon to shine on it, for the
glory of God gives it light, and its lamp is the
Lamb.  By its light will the nations walk, and
the kings of the earth will bring their glory
into it,  and its gates will never be shut by day
and there will be no night there.  They will
bring into it the glory and the honor of the
nations.  But nothing unclean will ever enter it,
nor anyone who does what is detestable or false,
but only those who are written in the Lamb's book
of life. Revelation 219-27
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Abraham had two sons, one by a slave woman and
one by a free woman.  But the son of the slave
was born according to the flesh, while the son of
the free woman was born through promise. Now this
may be interpreted allegorically these women are
two covenants. One is from Mount Sinai, bearing
children for slavery she is Hagar.  Now Hagar is
Mount Sinai in Arabia she corresponds to the
present Jerusalem, for she is in slavery with her
children.  But the Jerusalem above is free, and
she is our mother. Galatians 422-26
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For here we have no lasting city, but we seek the
city that is to come. Hebrews 1314 (ESV)
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All these people were still living by faith when
they died. They did not receive the things
promised they only saw them and welcomed them
from a distance. And they admitted that they were
aliens and strangers on earth. Hebrews 1113
(NIV)
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All these people were still living by faith when
they died. They did not receive the things
promised they only saw them and welcomed them
from a distance. And they admitted that they were
aliens and strangers on earth. Hebrews 1113
(NIV) These were all commended for their
faith, yet none of them received what had been
promised. Hebrews 1129 (NIV)
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HEAVENLY COUNTRY (1116)
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BLESSING TO ALL FAMILIES And in thy
seed shall all the nations of the earth be
blessed Genesis 2218 (KJV)
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Abraham "believed God, and it was counted to him
as righteousness . . . And the Scripture,
foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by
faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham,
saying, In you shall all the nations be
blessed.   So then, those who are of faith are
blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.
Galatians 36-9 (ESV)
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BLESSING TO ALL FAMILIES Blessing of
Justification by Faith
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GOSPEL
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What then shall we say was gained by  Abraham,
our forefather according to the flesh?   For if
Abraham was justified by works, he has something
to boast about, but not before God.   For what
does the Scripture say? Abraham believed God,
and it was counted to him as righteousness.
  Now to the one who works, his wages are not
counted as a gift but as his due.   And to the
one who does not work but believes in him who
justifies the ungodly, his faith is counted as
righteousness,  just as David also speaks of the
blessing of the one to whom God counts
righteousness apart from works  Blessed are
those whose lawless deeds are forgiven, and whose
sins are covered blessed is the man against whom
the Lord will not count his sin. Romans
41-8, ESV
58
Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by
becoming a curse for us for it is written,
Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree  so
that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham
might come to the Gentiles, so that we might
receive the promised Spirit through faith.
Galatians 313-14
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And all the prophets who have spoken, from Samuel
and those who came after him, also proclaimed
these days.  You are the sons of the prophets and
of the covenant that God made with your fathers,
saying to Abraham, And in your offspring shall
all the families of the earth be blessed.  God,
having raised up his servant, sent him to you
first, to bless you by turning every one of you
from your wickedness. Acts 324-26 (ESV,
Peter speaking) I am not ashamed of the
gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation
to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and
also to the Greek. Romans 116 (ESV)
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THE PROMISED SEED I will surely multiply
your offspring (seed) as the stars of heaven and
as the sand that is on the seashore. Genesis
2217 (ESV)
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Letting Scripture interpret Scripture, what
can we conclude about the promise of descendants
(seed)?
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Judah and Israel were as many as the sand by the
sea. They ate and drank and were happy. 1
Kings 420 (ESV) I will surely multiply
your offspring (seed) as the stars of heaven and
as the sand that is on the seashore. Genesis
2217 (ESV)
63
Seed promise was literally fulfilled
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He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of
the righteousness that he had by faith while he
was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make
him the father of all who believe without being
circumcised, so that righteousness would be
counted to them as well,  and to make him the
father of the circumcised who are not merely
circumcised but who also walk in the footsteps of
the faith that our father Abraham had before he
was circumcised. Romans 411-12 (ESV)
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He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of
the righteousness that he had by faith while he
was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make
him the father of all who believe without being
circumcised, so that righteousness would be
counted to them as well,  and to make him the
father of the circumcised who are not merely
circumcised but who also walk in the footsteps of
the faith that our father Abraham had before he
was circumcised. Romans 411-12 (ESV)
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"Abraham is our father," they answered. "If you
were Abraham's children," said Jesus, "then you
would do the things Abraham did. John 839
(NIV)
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Consider Abraham "He believed God, and it was
credited to him as righteousness. Understand,
then, that those who believe are children of
Abraham. Galatians 36-7 (NIV)
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Consider Abraham "He believed God, and it was
credited to him as righteousness. Understand,
then, that those who believe are children of
Abraham. Galatians 36-7 (NIV) If you
belong to Christ, then you are Abraham's seed,
and heirs according to the promise. Galatians
329 (NIV)
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For neither circumcision counts for anything, nor
uncircumcision, but a new creation.  And as for
all who walk by this rule, peace and mercy be
upon them, and (even) upon the Israel of God.
Galatians 615-16 (ESV)
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 Therefore remember that at one time you
Gentiles in the flesh, called the
uncircumcision by what is called the
circumcision, which is made in the flesh by hands
 remember that you were at that time separated
from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of
Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise
. . . But now in Christ Jesus you who once were
far off have been brought near by the blood of
Christ.  For he himself is our peace, who has
made us both one and has broken down in his flesh
the dividing wall of hostility  by abolishing the
law of commandments expressed in ordinances, that
he might create in himself one new man in place
of the two, so making peace,  and might reconcile
us both to God in one body through the cross . .
. So then you are no longer strangers and aliens,
but you are fellow citizens with the saints and
members of the household of God . . .
Ephesians 211-22 (ESV)
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Old Testament physical Israel was not the church
(new).
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Old Testament physical Israel was not the church
(new). Old Testament physical Israel was only
a type of the church.
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Old Testament physical Israel was not the church
(new). Old Testament physical Israel was only
a type of the church. Promised new covenant
(Jer 31) was between God and people called the
house of Israel and the house of Judah.
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Old Testament physical Israel was not the church
(new). Old Testament physical Israel was only
a type of the church. Promised new covenant
(Jer 31) was between God and people called the
house of Israel and the house of Judah. Only
believers (Jew or Gentile) are the true, promised
children of Abraham.
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Old Testament physical Israel was not the church
(new). Old Testament physical Israel was only
a type of the church. Promised new covenant
(Jer 31) was between God and people called the
house of Israel and the house of Judah. Only
believers (Jew or Gentile) are the true, promised
children of Abraham. The church is now the true
Israel.
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The promises were spoken to Abraham and to his
seed. The Scripture does not say "and to seeds,"
meaning many people, but "and to your seed,"
meaning one person, who is Christ. Galatians
316 (NIV)
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• Seed Promise
• Physical descendants of Abraham

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• Seed Promise
• Physical descendants of Abraham
• Christ (Seed Jesus)

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• Seed Promise
• Physical descendants of Abraham
• Christ (Seed Jesus)
• 3. Any true believer (Israeli or Gentile) True
  Israel, Spiritual Israel

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What effect (if any) do the ultimate New
Testament fulfillments of the promises of the
Abrahamic covenant have on the intermediate Old
Testament fulfillment of the promises?
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immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
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immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
83
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
84
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
85
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
86
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
87
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
88
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
89
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
90
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
91
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
92
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
93
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
94
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
95
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
96
immediate . . . ultimate physical . . .
metaphysical foreshadow . . . reality type . .
. fulfillment temporary . . . eternal outward .
. . inward, internal sign . . . substance
interim . . . permanent
97
Once the final fulfillments came, how are we to
view the initial fulfillments?
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And God said to Abraham, As for you, you shall
keep my covenant, you and your offspring after
you throughout their generations . . . Every
male throughout your generations . . . shall
surely be circumcised. So shall my covenant be
in your flesh an everlasting covenant.   Any
uncircumcised male who is not circumcised . . .
shall be cut off from his people he has broken
my covenant. Genesis 179-17
99
What does the NT do with circumcision? Does the
NT require circumcision of Jewish believers under
the New Covenant?
100
For circumcision indeed is of value if you obey
the law, but if you break the law, your
circumcision becomes uncircumcision.   So, if a
man who is uncircumcised keeps the precepts of
the law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded
as circumcision?   Then he who is physically
uncircumcised but keeps the law will condemn you
who have the written code and circumcision but
break the law.   For no one is a Jew who is
merely one outwardly, nor is circumcision outward
and physical.   But a Jew is one inwardly, and
circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the
Spirit, not by the letter. His praise is not
from man but from God. Romans 225-29 (ESV)
101
Was anyone at the time of his call already
circumcised? Let him not seek to remove the
marks of circumcision. Was anyone at the time
of his call uncircumcised? Let him not seek
circumcision.   For neither circumcision counts
for anything nor uncircumcision, but keeping the
commandments of God.   Each one should remain in
the condition in which he was called. 1
Corinthians 718-20 (ESV)
102
For freedom Christ has set us free stand firm
therefore, and do not submit again to a yoke of
slavery. Look I, Paul, say to you that if you
accept circumcision, Christ will be of no
advantage to you.   I testify again to every man
who accepts circumcision that he is obligated to
keep the whole law. You are severed from
Christ, you who would be justified by the law
you have fallen away from grace.   For through
the Spirit, by faith, we ourselves eagerly wait
for the hope of righteousness.   For in Christ
Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision
counts for anything, but only faith working
through love. Galatians 51-6 (ESV) For
neither circumcision counts for anything, nor
uncircumcision, but a new creation. Galatians
615 (ESV)
103
Beware of the dogs, beware of the evil workers,
beware of the false circumcision for we are the
true circumcision, who worship in the Spirit of
God and glory in Christ Jesus and put no
confidence in the flesh . . . Philippians
32-3
104
 In him also you were circumcised with a
circumcision made without hands, by putting off
the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of
Christ . . . Colossians 211 (ESV) Here there
is not Greek and Jew, circumcised and
uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, free
but Christ is all, and in all. Colossians 311
(ESV)
105
Any uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in
the flesh of his foreskin shall be cut off from
his people he has broken my covenant. Genesis
1714 (ESV)
106
Something fundamental has changed. We are
playing by new rules. There has been a radical
shift in significance from outward signs to
inward reality. The Abrahamic Covenant itself
had two fulfillments, a short term and a long
term, an intermediate and an ultimate, and shadow
and a substance. So too with the sign of the
covenant from physical circumcision to
spiritual circumcision.
107
LAND
108
(No Transcript)
109
. . . it is written that Abraham had two sons,
one by a slave woman (Hagar) and one by a free
woman (Sarah).   But the son of the slave was
born according to the flesh, while the son of the
free woman was born through promise.   Now this
may be interpreted allegorically these women are
two covenants (Old New Testaments). One is
from Mount Sinai, bearing children for slavery
she is Hagar.   Now Hagar is Mount Sinai in
Arabia  she corresponds to the present
Jerusalem, for she is in slavery with her
children.   But the Jerusalem above is free, and
she is our mother. Galatians 422-26 (ESV)
110
 I will grant authority to my two witnesses, and
they will prophesy for 1,260 days, clothed in
sackcloth . . .  And when they have finished
their testimony, the beast that rises from the
bottomless pit will make war on them and conquer
them and kill them, and their dead bodies will
lie in the street of the great city that
symbolically is called Sodom and Egypt, where
their Lord was crucified. Revelation 113-8
(ESV)
111
We have an altar from which those who serve the
tent have no right to eat.   For the bodies of
those animals whose blood is brought into the
holy places by the high priest as a sacrifice for
sin are burned outside the camp.   So Jesus also
suffered outside the gate in order to sanctify
the people through his own blood.   Therefore
let us go to him outside the camp and bear the
reproach he endured.   For here we have no
lasting city, but we seek the city that is to
come. Hebrews 1310-14 (ESV)
112
James letter was written to Jewish believers, to
the twelve tribes, who were scattered among the
nations. Did he tell them to move back to
Palestine and reclaim their Canaan?
113
James letter was written to Jewish believers, to
the twelve tribes, who were scattered among the
nations. Did he tell them to move back to
Palestine and reclaim their Canaan? Did he tell
them that they were the rightful heirs of the
land promise?
114
James letter was written to Jewish believers, to
the twelve tribes, who were scattered among the
nations. Did he tell them to move back to
Palestine and reclaim their Canaan? Did he tell
them that they were the rightful heirs of the
land promise? Did the author of Hebrews instruct
the Hebrew believers to send money to help Jews
throughout the Roman Empire relocate to Judea?
115
James letter was written to Jewish believers, to
the twelve tribes, who were scattered among the
nations. Did he tell them to move back to
Palestine and reclaim their Canaan? Did he tell
them that they were the rightful heirs of the
land promise? Did the author of Hebrews instruct
the Hebrew believers to send money to help Jews
throughout the Roman Empire relocate to
Judea? Does the New Testament anywhere teach
that the Roman Empire would fall if it ever
attacked the Jews of the Holy Land? (Because the
Jews are the apple of Gods eye).
116
Hagar, Mount Sinai (allegory) Slavery Sodom,
Gommorah (figuratively) Christ is outside the
camp Here we have no lasting city
117
SEED
118
They answered him, Abraham is our father.
Jesus said to them, If you were Abraham's
children, you would be doing the works Abraham
did, but now you seek to kill me, a man who has
told you the truth that I heard from God. This
is not what Abraham did.  You are doing the works
your father did. They said to him, We were
not born of sexual immorality. We have one
Fathereven God.   Jesus said to them, If God
were your Father, you would love me, for I came
from God and I am here. I came not of my own
accord, but he sent me.  Why do you not
understand what I say? It is because you cannot
bear to hear my word.  You are of your father
the devil, and your will is to do your father's
desires . . . Whoever is of God hears the words
of God. The reason why you do not hear them is
that you are not of God. John 839-47 (ESV)
119
For no one is a Jew who is merely one outwardly,
nor is circumcision outward and physical.  But a
Jew is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter
of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the letter.
His praise is not from man but from God.
Romans 228-29 I know your tribulation and
your poverty (but you are rich) and the slander 
of those who say that they are Jews and are not,
but are a synagogue of Satan. Revelation 29
(ESV, Jesus)
120
 There was a master of a house who planted a
vineyard and put a fence around it and dug a
winepress in it and built a tower and leased it
to tenants, and went into another country.  When
the season for fruit drew near, he sent his
servants to the tenants to get his fruit.  And
the tenants took his servants and beat one,
killed another, and stoned another.  Again he
sent other servants, more than the first. And
they did the same to them.  Finally he sent his
son to them, saying, They will respect my son.
 But when the tenants saw the son, they said to
themselves, This is the heir. Come, let us kill
him and have his inheritance.  And they took him
and threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.
 When therefore the owner of the vineyard comes,
what will he do to those tenants?   They said
to him, He will put those wretches to a
miserable death and let out the vineyard to other
tenants who will give him the fruits in their
seasons.  . . . Therefore I tell you, the
kingdom of God will be taken away from you and
given to a people producing its fruits . .
.  When the chief priests and the Pharisees
heard his parables, they perceived that he was
speaking about them. Matthew 2133-46 (ESV,
Jesus)
121
the kingdom of God will be taken away from you
(Jesus, Mt 21)   you are of your father the devil
(Jesus, John 8) you are not of God (Jesus, John
8) no one is a Jew who is merely one outwardly
(Romans 2) those who say that they are Jews and
are not (Jesus, Re 2) synagogue of Satan (Jesus,
Re 2 3)
122
I ask, then, has God rejected his people? By no
means! For I myself am an Israelite, a
descendant of Abraham,  a member of the tribe of
Benjamin.  God has not rejected his people whom
he foreknew . . . at the present time there is a
remnant, chosen by grace . . .  What then? Israel
failed to obtain what it was seeking. The elect
obtained it, but the rest were hardened,  as it
is written, God gave them a spirit of
stupor,eyes that would not seeand ears that
would not hear,down to this very day. . . .
Lest you be wise in your own sight, I want you to
understand this mystery, brothers  a partial
hardening has come upon Israel, until the
fullness of the Gentiles has come in. And in
this way all Israel will be saved, as it is
written, The Deliverer will come from Zion,he
will banish ungodliness from Jacob and this
will be my covenant with themwhen I take away
their sins. As regards the gospel, they are
enemies of God for your sake. But as regards
election, they are beloved for the sake of their
forefathers.  For the gifts and the calling of
God are irrevocable. Romans 111-29 (ESV)
123
Is the covenant with Abraham still in effect
today?
Revised 12/04/09