Nursing care for patients with Urinary Tract Infection

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Nursing care for patients with Urinary Tract
Infection
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Introduction

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by
  pathogenic microorganisms in the urinary tract
  (the normal urinary tract is sterile above the
  urethra).
• UTIs are generally classified as infections
  involving
• the upper or lower urinary tract

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• Lower UTIs include bacterial cystitis
  (inflammation of the urinary bladder), bacterial
  prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland),
  and bacterial urethritis (inflammation of the
  urethra).
• Upper UTIs are much less common and include acute
  or chronic pyelonephritis (inflammation of the
  renal pelvis), interstitial nephritis
  (inflammation of the kidney), and renal
  abscesses.

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Pathophysiology

• For infection to occur, bacteria must gain access
  to the bladder, attach to and colonize the
  epithelium of the urinary tract to avoid being
  washed out with voiding, evade host defense
  mechanisms, and initiate inflammation.
• Most UTIs result from fecal organisms
• that ascend from the perineum to the urethra and
  the bladder and then adhere to the mucosal
  surfaces.

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Pathophysiology

• Ascending infection
• E.Coli ---gt 86
• In men , obstructive abnormalitites
• UTI ---gt sepsis and nosocmila infections
• Upper UTI ---gt recurrent bladder infection

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Clinical manifestations

• Dysuria, frequency, urgency, nocturia
• Suprapubic pain or discomofort
• Microscopic or gross hematuria

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Diagnostic Evaluation

• Urine microscopy
• Urine culture
• Patients with indwelling catheter---gt asypmtomatic

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Management

• Antibiotic therapy( follow up culture)
• 3-7-10

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Complications

• Pyelonephritis
• hematogeneuos spread leading to sepsis

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Nursing assessment

• History of recurrent UTI?
• Voiding habits?
• Suprapubic pain or tenderness?

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Nursing Diagnoses

• Acute pain R/T inflammation of the bladder mucosa
• Deficient knowledge R/T prevention of recurrent
  UTI

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Nursing Interventions???
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Thank You