Energy Transformation

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Energy Transformation

• Ms. Lowrie
• Biology 11

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Energy

• Energy storage conversion are critical for life
• Examples
• Photosynthesis
• Cellular respiration

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Photosynthesis

• Solar energy is converted to energy
• Stored in chemical bonds of carbohydrates

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Cellular Respiration

• Carbohydrates are broken down
• Energy released
• Stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

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Figure 3 (pg 60)

• Cellular
• Respiration

• Photosynthesis

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Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

• Usable cellular energy
• Composed of three phosphate groups
• Bonds store energy

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ATP Functions

• Used for
• Chemical synthesis
• Active transport
• Muscle contractions
• Nerve transmissions
• Photosynthesis

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ATP Releasing Energy

• If one phosphate removed
• Energy released
• ADP Adenosine diphosphate
• If 2nd phosphate removed
• More energy released
• AMP Adenosine monophosphate

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Phosphorylation

• Addition of a phosphate group
• AMP to ADP
• ADP to ATP
• Created from conversion of high-energy molecules
  to low-energy molecules
• Supply of ATP must constantly be replenished

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Task

• Use notes pages 58 60
• Answer
• 3 5 (pg 60)
• 1 2 (pg 64)

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3 All Energy Linked to Sun

• Plants
• Capture sun
• Make glucose
• Animals
• Consume plants
• other animals
• Obtain energy

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5 Autotroph vs. Heterotroph

• Autotrophs
• Obtain energy from sun
• Light energy
• Example
• Plants

• Heterotrophs
• Obtain energy from consuming plants and/or
  animals
• Chemical energy
• Example
• Animals

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1 ATP ADP

• ATP
• Adenosine triphosphate
• Three phosphate groups
• High energy
• Contained in phosphate bonds
• Usable energy

• ADP
• Adenosine diphosphate
• Two phosphate groups
• Less energy than ATP

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2 Glucose to ATP

• Glucose has too much energy
• Therefore unusable by cell
• Must be converted into ATP
• Usable energy