What is Willy Wonka famous for?

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What is Willy Wonka famous for?
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Can you remember any of the imaginative
technologies Willy Wonka created?
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Who worked for him?

• Oompa Loompas
• Theyre reaching retirement age!

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Willy Wonka is looking into new technologies to
produce candy.

• One technology hes working with is genetic
  engineering.
• Goal Learn how genetic engineering works and
  apply the technology to other situations.

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What is Genetic Engineering?

• Process where DNA from one species is
  transferred into DNA of another species.
• The new strand (with DNA from both species) is
  called recombinant DNA.

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Willy Wonkas Genetic Engineering Experiment

• He wanted to make large quantities of Choco-M, a
  protein that is sweet and chocolaty.
• How did he do it?
• In five steps!

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I. Genetically Engineer a Plasmid

• 5 Steps
• Step 1 Remove DNA from the Choco Plant cell

Remove DNA
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• Step 2 Remove plasmid DNA from bacteria cell

Remove Plasmid DNA
Plasmid DNA
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• Step 3 Cut both with a restriction enzyme.
• Cut out Cocoa-M gene
• Cut plasmid with the same restriction enzyme
• c. These cuts make sticky ends (unparied bases
  at the ends of the strands).

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• Step 4 Glue the sticky ends of the gene to
  the sticky ends of the plasmid with another
  enzyme called ligase.

Ligase
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• Step 5 Put recombinant plasmid back into
  bacteria. Now this bacteria is genetically
  engineered!

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Production of Choco-M

• Do people want to eat bacteria and chocolate
  mixed together?
• What does Willy Wonka want to do now?
• Make a lot of product
• Have a pure form of chocolate

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II. Amplify

• Amplify the bacteria this is making clones.
• Bacteria is producing Choco-M protein (and other
  bacterial proteins, too)

Clones
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III. Isolate and Purify

• Break open bacterial cells with lysozyme.
• We only want Choco-M protein.
• Right now its mixed with other bacterial
  proteins.

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Imagination

• How could we quickly and efficiently separate the
  2 kinds of proteins?
• Keep in mindthousands of proteins will need to
  be separated every hour!
• Use tools from the big toolboxor your
  imagination!

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• How did you separate the two proteins?
• What property of the protein did you use?

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Real-life Example Insulin

• Diabetics need insulin to help regulate blood
  sugar.
• Can you design a protocol for making HUMAN
  INSULIN in bacteria cells?