??pa?de?t???? efa?

1
??pa?de?t???? efa?µ???? ?e???????a? e??????
?a? ??µp?t???? ?atas?e???. ?? pa??de??µa t??
e?pa?de?t???? ?????t?ta? t?? Reggio Emilia
(?ta??a) ?a? ?? p??e?t?se?? st?? e???????
p?a?µat???t?taSp???? ?????a?, ?p???f???
??d??t?? ????
2
? ?????t?ta t?? Reggio Emilia. ???a??t????
pt????.

• ?? Reggio Emilia e??a? µ?a p??? t?? p???s???
  ?ta????? ß???? ?a? ??e? ???e? ?d?a?te?a ???st?
  ??a t?? ?d?a?te?? st?at????? ?a? µe??d?????a p??
  ??e? a?apt??e? se s??s? µe ??t?µata p??s???????
  a????? ?a? ??a t? t??p? µe t?? ?p???
  ?a???e?????ta? ?a? ?a??d?????ta? ?? ???t????,
  s??a?s??µat????, ?????????? ?a? ??????
  d??at?t?te? t?? pa?d???.
• ??a ap? t?? p??te?a??t?te? t?? t?p???? ???????a?
  ?at? t? µetap??eµ??? pe???d?, ?p???e ?
  a?????d?µ?s? t?? s???e??? ? ?p??a
  p?a?µat?p??????e µe ????? p??sf??? ?a? s?µµet???
  ???? t?? ?at?????. ?? Villa Cella ?ta? t? p??t?
  ap? µ?a se??? a?t?d??????µe??? s???e??? ta ?p??a
  ?t?st??a? ???? st?? ap?fas?st???t?ta t?? ?t?p???
  ???a????. ?t?st??e ??????e?t??? ap? ta ????a t??
  ?????? ?a? µe ????? p?? a????st??a? µe ta ???µata
  p?? e?asf???se ? ?????t?ta µet? ap? p???s? e???
  ta??, t???? f??t???? ?a? ??? a????? p?? e??a?
  af?se? p?s? t??? ?? Ge?µa??? ?at? t?? ?ta?t?
  ?p?????s? t??? ap? ta ?ta???? ed?f? (Gandini,
  1993 Malaguzzi, 1993b). ?e?????e st?? e????? t??
  ??µ?? t? 1963.
• ??t?te ????? d?µ???????e? t? Reggio Children
  International Center for the Defence and
  Promotion of the Rights and Potential of Children
  , t? ??st?t??t? ??????s?? ???? t?? d?µ?t????
  ???t??? ???s??????? ?????? ?a? ??p?a???e??? t??
  Reggio ?a? ? ??e???? ???s? Friends of Reggio
  Children p?? ?p?ß?????? ?a? d?ad?d??? t?
  s?µa?t??? pa?da?????? ???? p?? s??te?e?ta? e?e?.

3

• ? t??p?? d?a?e???s?? t?? p?????µµat?? p??
  efa?µ??eta? st?? ?????t?ta t?? Reggio Emilia de?
  µp??e? ?a ?e????e? ap???ta a?t?p??s?pe?t???? t??
  s?st?µat?? p?? efa?µ??eta? ?a? se ??? t??
  ?p????p? ?ta??a (Edwards, C. et al, 2003).??a?
  ?e?t????? d?a?e???st?? d?e????t?? ? ?p???? ??e?
  ?µes? epaf? ?a? s??e??as?a µe t? d?µ?t???
  s?µß????? t?? p????, s??e????eta? µe t? se??? t??
  µe µ?a ?µ?da pa?da????? (curriculum team
  leaders), ?a???a? ap? t??? ?p????? s??t????e? t??
  p??sp??e?e? e?pa?de?t???? 5-6 s???e???. ???e
  ???t?? e??a? epa?d??µ??? µe d?? das?????? a??
  t???, ??a? ate??e??sta (d?s?a??? ? ?p???? e??a?
  ep?f??t?sµ???? se s??s? µe t?? ?a???te?????
  e?pa?de?s? ?a? t?? ?ata??af?) ?a? ???p? ß????t???
  p??s?p???. ??e????t?? ?a? ?e?a?????? d?a????sµ??
  t?? e?pa?de?t?? se ???e s???e?? ?e????st? de?
  ?p?????? ?a? se s??d?asµ? µe t? ?e????? ?t? ???e
  ?µ?da pa?d??? d???e?e? µe t??? ?d???? das??????
  ??a µ?a pe???d? t???? ??????, e??s??eta? ?
  a?s??s? t?? ?????t?ta? p?? ?a?a?t????e? t??
  s??se?? µeta?? e??????? ?a? pa?d???.
• ? ?????t?ta t?? Reggio Emilia d?a??te? t? 12 t??
  s???????? p???p?????sµ?? t?? ??a ta ??p?a???e?a
  ?a? t?? s?et???? µ a?t? d?ast????t?te?.
  ?e?t????e? µe 23 ??p?a???e?a ?a? 14 d?µ?t???
  ???t?a p??s??????? a????? ?a??? ?a? µe 10
  s??e??a??µe?a ?d??t???. ???p??ete? ?at? µ?s? ???
  3000 pa?d?? ?a? apas???e? 575 e??a??µe????
  (d?da?t??? p??s?p??? ??p.)
• ?as??? st???e?a p?? ?a?a?t??????? ta s???e?a t??
  Reggio Emilia e??a? a) ? ?????a t?? d?µ???at????
  e?pa?de?s??, ß) ? a?t????? ?t? ta pa?d??
  ß??s???ta? st? ep??e?t?? t?? e?d?af????t?? ?a?
  a?t? ???µ????? t? µa??s?a?? d?ad??as?a, ?) t?
  ??t??? e?d?af???? ?a? ? s?µµet??? t?? ?????? se
  µe???? µ???? t?? d?ast????t?t?? a??? ?a? d) t?
  µe?a??p??? ??aµa e??? a????p?? ?p?? ?ta? ? Loris
  Malaguzzi. (Gandini, 1996).

4
?? e??a? ? p??s????s? Reggio Emilia Te???t???
??a?s??

• ?? d??t?? t?? p???? ?µp?e?s?? t?? Malaguzzi
  s??d?eta? µe d??f??e? s????? ?a? ?e???? ?a?
  a?t??at?pt???e? t?? ap?f?se?? ?a? t?? ep??????
  p?? ??f???a? ?a? ???p??????a? µe t??µ? ?at?
  ?a?????. ?at? ????? ???? ? ?e??µe?? ???s????s?
  Reggio Emilia, ßas??eta? se µe???? ßa?µ? se
  ???st???ß?st???? ?a? p???de?t???? ?e???e? µe
  ?d?a?te?? ep????? ap? t? ???? t?? John Dewey
  ?a??? ?a? t?? Jean Piaget ?a? Lev Vygotsky.
• ??et????ta? ta ßas??? st???e?a t?? ???s????s??
  Reggio Emilia p????pte? ? a???p???s? t?? ?e???a?
  t?? Piaget ? ?p???? e?de t? µ???s? ??
  e?at?µ??e?µ???, d?a???t??? d?ad??as?a p??
  p?????eta? ap? t? d??s? p??? st? f?s??? ??sµ?.
• ?eta?? t?? ßas???? a???? t?? Reggio Emilia e??a?
  ? s?µß????? a?apa??stas?, ? e????a t?? ?d??? t??
  pa?d??? ?a? ? ????? t?? das?????, a??? ?a? ??
  100 ???sse? t?? pa?d??? ß?se? t?? ?p????
  e?f?????? t?? d?ap?st?se?? t??? s?et??? µe t??
  ??sµ?, ? s??e??at???t?ta, ? e?e???? ????? t??
  ??????, t? p??t?e?t, t? a?ad??µe?? p????aµµa, ?
  ???s? fa????? e??as?a? (portfolio) ??a t??
  pa?a???????s? t?? p???d?? t?? µa??t?? ?a? ?
  ?at?????? d?aµ??f?s? t?? pe??ß?????t?? ?????.
  ?p?s??, ?? pa?da????? t?? Reggio Emilia, ????? t?
  ???? t?? eµ????t?, t?? ?a??d???t? t?? pa?d???
  ?at? t?? a?a?????? t?? ???s??
• (Edwards, C. et al, 2003 Katz Chard, 1996
  New R., 1993
• Scottish Consultative Council on the Curriculum,
  1999)

5
???s? ?.?. st? Reggio Emilia

• ? ?a???t?µ??? ???s? t?? ?.?. sta ???t?a
  p??s??????? a????? t?? Reggio ???e?ta? st?
  ?e????? ?t? ??a ta p??sfe??µe?a µ?sa
  a???p?????ta? µe ß?s? t?? ep?p???? d??at?t?t??
  p?? p??sf????? se s??s? µe ??a ta ?p????pa
  s?µßat???-pa?ad?s?a?? ?????.
• ??d???te?a, ?s?? af??? t??? ?/?, ?? µa??s?a??
  e??a?e?a ?p?????? ?a? ???s?µ?p?????ta?
  pe??aµat??? ap? t? 1984 sta p??s?????? ???t?a t??
  Reggio Emilia. ??te ???eta? ??a p??t? f??? ?????
  ??a ??a p??t?e?t p?? e??e ?? ?e?t??????
  p??ta????st?? pa?d?? 5-6 et??, t??? ?/? ?a?
  ?e?t???? s??t???st? t? d?s?a?? Loris Malaguzzi µe
  ß?????? 4 ap? t??? pa?da?????? t?? s???e??? t??
  Reggio.
• (Giacopini E, Rovacchi M,1999)

6
?.? ?? ?a??s?a?? ???a?e?a

• ?/?
• ??pa?de?t??? ????sµ??? ?p?? Microworlds, Kidpix
  ?.a. a??? ?a? µ? e?pa?de?t??? ?p?? Adobe
  Photoshop ?.a.
• Set ??µp?t???? ?atas?e??? ?p?? t? Lego Mindstorms
• ???te???µe?e?
• ??f?a??? F?t???af???? ???a???
• ?p?d?as??p?a
• CD Players ?a? µ????f??a
• ???e??as? ?a? Dvd Player

7
????p???s? t?? ?.? st? Reggio

• ?p?ß???o?? t? pa?at???s? µ?s? t?? ?ata??af??
  (documentation) t?? e?d?afe???t?? t?? pa?d???,
  ß?se? t?? ?p???? a?apt?ss??ta? ?at? ?a????? ta
  d??f??a project
• s?µß????? st? p?a?µat?p???s? t?? ?d??? t??
  project ?a? st?? ???p???s? t?? at?µ???? ?de?? t??
  pa?d???
• e?????? t?? a?a?a??pt??? µ???s?, t?? e?e?e???s?
  ?a? t?? a????ep?d?as? t?? pa?d??? µeta?? t???
  a??? ?a? µe t? pe??ß????? ???? t???
• d????? t?? e??a???a st??? pa?da??????, st???
  ???e?? a??? ?a? sta ?d?a ta pa?d??, ?a
  pa?a????????? t?? p???d? t??? µ?sa ap? t??
  ?ata??af? t?? e?e???t???? p??e?a? t?? project
  (?????? µ?s? f?t???af??? ?a? ß??te?)
• ß?????? st?? ??????s? ?a? a?apa??stas? t?? ?de??
  µe d?af??et??? µ?sa
• ß?????? st?? ?pt???p???s? t?? t??p?? s????? t??
  pa?d??? ?a? st?? a?ast??asµ? p?? a?t?? µp??e? ?a
  pa???e? (Hong, Seong B. Trepanier-Street,
  Mary, 2004)

8
?e???????a ???????, ??µp?t???? ?atas?e??? ?a?
e?pa?de?t???? efa?µ????

• ?? d?ast????t?te? p?? ßas????ta? st?? ?e???????a
  ??????? p??sf????? t? d??at?t?ta ??a ?atas?e??
  apt?? p?a?µat???? µ??t???? p?? ?a a?tap???????ta?
  sta d??f??a e?e??sµata t?? pe??ß?????t?? ?a? ?a
  e?te???? e????e?e? ???? st?? a????ep?d?as? µe ?/?
  µ?s? a?s??t???? ?a? s?s?e??? e??d?? ?p??
  ß?a????e?, ?aµpt??e? ?.a.
• ?ts? d?aµ??f??eta? ??a µa??s?a?? pe??ß????? µ?sa
  ap? t? ?p??? ?? µa??t??
• pe??aµat????ta? p?a?t??? p??? se d??f??e?
  ???st???? ?????e?
• s??e??????ta? µe t??? ???? t??? ?a? p??te?????
  t?? ?d?e? t??? ??a t?? ep???s? e??? p??ß??µat??
  ep??e???µat??????ta? ?p?? a?t??
• a?apt?ss??? t?? afa??et??? ??a??t?ta t???
• pa?at????? p?? a????ep?d?? ? ??f?a??? e????????
  ??sµ?? µe ??a apt? µ??t???

9

• ? ?e???????a ??????? ??e? ???s?µ?p????e? d?e????
  se e?e???t??? ep?ped? µe µa??t?? d?af????
  ???????. ?? Resnick, ?a? Ocko (Resnick M., Ocko
  S. 1991) est?????? sta µa??s?a?? ap?te??sµata p??
  ep?t???????ta? µ?sa ap? t?? s?ed?asµ? µ??t????.
  ?? ?e?t???? e?f??se?? t?? µ????? µa??t?? ???? ap?
  t?? s?µpe??f???? ap??? µ??t???? (a?t?a ?a?
  s??p??) ????? µe?et??e? ap? t?? Ackermann
  (Ackermann ?, 1991). ?a??µ??e? ??e??e? µe pa?d??
  µ????? ??????? p?a?µat?p?????ta? ?a? st?? ?ta??a
  (p.?. CAB project). O? p??? t?? e???????
  p?a?µat???t?ta ? ed? ??e??a est???eta? st? ???s?
  p????aµµat???µe??? ?atas?e??? a??? µe µa??t??
  ?e?te??ß??µ?a? ??pa?de?s?? (??????? ?,
  F??????,2000 ?a????? ?., ?a?d?????? ?.
  ?.a.,2005).
• ?at? t? t???? t?? de?aet?a? t?? 90, st? ?ediaLab
  ?e????se ??a ??? pe?taet?? p????aµµa, µe ??µa ?a
  pa????d?a t?? µ?????t?? (Toys of ?omorrow), µe
  ?pe????? t?? Mitchel Resnick. ?????
  ?a?a?t???st??? t?? p?????µµat?? a?t?? e??a? ?
  ep????s? ?a? ? s??d?asµ?? p???ap??? te?????????
  (Resnick 1998). ?? e??ast????, ??s?ast???,
  s??e???e? ?a a?apt?sse? pe?a?t??? t?? ?d?a t??
  ??f?a??? a?t??e?µ???? p?? ta pa?d?? µp????? ?a ta
  ?e???st??? µe ta ????a t??? (digital
  manipulatives), ep??e????ta?, a?t? t? f???, ?a
  p??sd?se? t? d??at?t?ta t?? p????aµµat?sµ?? se
  ?d? ?p?????ta ?a? a?ap?µ??a ap? ta pa?d??
  pa????d?a.

10

• Se pe??ß?????ta ?p?? a?t? p?? a?apt?ss??ta? st?
  p?a?s?? efa?µ???? ?e???????a? ???????, ?? µa??t??
  ??s?ast??? a????????? µ?a d?ad??µ? pa?ap??s?a µe
  a?t? t?? p????aµµat?sµ??
• ??????? s?ed?asµ??
• ?atas?e?? (µ??t????)
• ?fa?µ???
• ??t?µet?p?s? t???? p??ß??µ?t??
• ?a?at???s?
• ?e?t??s?
• ?pa?efa?µ??? µ???? t?? ?at??t?s? t?? ep???µ?t??
  ap?te??sµat??
• ??sa ap? t??? µ??????sµ??? p?? s?ed?????? ?a?
  ???p????? ?? µa??t?? pa?at????? ?a? ?ata???f???
  t?? e?????? st?? ?????, a????????? t?? ????t?ta
  t?? ?p???se?? t???, s??e??????ta? ?a? a?apt?ss???
  ????µ? d?????? µe t??? s?µµa??t?? ?a? t???
  pa?da??????. ?? s???pe?e? t?? µetaß???? p??
  s??te????ta? st? e??????? pe??ß????? t??
  ?p?????st? ????? ?µes? ep?pt?s? st? f?s??? ????
  ?a? e??a? ?µesa pa?at???s?µe?.

11
LEGO ?a? ??ße????atas?e???

• ?? ?????aµµat???µe?? ???ß?? e??a? ??a?
  µ????s??p???? ?p?????st?? p??sa?µ?sµ???? se
  t??ß???? LEGO. ??apt?sse? d?ad?ast??? s??s? µe t?
  f?s??? pe??ß????? ef?s?? µ?s? t?? p???ap???
  e?s?d?? ?a? e??d?? µp??e? ?a s??de?e? µe s?s?e???
  ?p?? µ?t??, ??µpe?, ß?µß?t??, µetad?te? ?p???????
  a?t???ß???a?, µe a?s??t??e? af??, ????, f?t??,
  ?e?µ???as?a?, µe ap?d??te? ?p??????? a?t????,
  ??p.
• ?a p????aµµat???µe?a t??ß?a p??s?µ??????? t???
  p??t??? pe??aµat?sµ??? t?? Papert ?a? t? ???ssa?
  LOGO p?? p??t?eµfa??st??e sta t??? t?? de?aet?a?
  t?? 1960 (Gillespie C, 2004)
• ?a pa?d??, ??????? s?µpe??f???, ?????? ?a?
  s???? sta ??µp?t ?a? ?aµß????? e?e??sµata
  s?et??? µe t?? a????ep?d?as? ?µ????? ?a? ??????
  ?a? µe t? s?ed?asµ? ?a? d?a?e???s?
  a?t?µat?p???µ???? ?atas?e???.

12

• ???sfate? ??e??e? (Bers et al, 2002) ?de??a? ?t?
  ? ???s? ??µp?t???? ?atas?e??? se p?????µµata
  ???s??????? ?????? e??a? ?et??? ef?s?? p????e?
  t?
• a) µ???s? µ?sa ap? s?ed?asµ? st???-ep??e?t??µ???
  ? p??t?e?t p?? apa?t??? s??e??at???t?ta,
• ß) ???s? apt?? a?t??e?µ???? ??a t? d?µ?s? ?? e?
  s??e?e?a e?e?e???s? t?? pe??ß?????t??,
• ?) s?µas?a t?? p??s?p???? st??asµ?? ?? µ????
  t?? µa??s?a??? d?ad??as?a?.
• Sta s???e?a t?? Reggio Emilia a????? ????et????e
  t? pa??t? Lego Mindstorms Robotic Invention Kit
  t? ?p??? e??a? ??a ap? ta p???? d?µ?f??? ??
  eµp????? set e?a?t?µ?t?? ?a? s??a?µ?????s?µ??
  µe??? p?? ep?t??pe? t? d?µ??????a ??µp?t ?a?
  ????? ??ße???-?atas?e???.
• ????p??????e µ?sa se e?e???µe?a e?e???t???
  pe??ß?????ta (?????aµµa C.A.B.) ap? e?d???
  e?pa?de?µ????? pa?da?????? ?? ?p???? ?????a? ta
  ?e?? p?? d?µ?????e? ? ?????a t?? pa?d??? se
  ??t?µata ?atas?e??? ?a? p????aµµat?sµ?? af??
  ?st?s? ta pa?d?? ??esa? t?? ?d?e? p??? st??
  ?p??e? ßas?st??e t? project.
• ?? e??????? pe??ß????? d?epaf?? ?a? e??????
  (virtual interface) t?? ?atas?e??? µ?s? ?/? ?d?se
  sta pa?d?? t? d??at?t?ta ?a p????aµµat?????
  stad?a?? t? ?atas?e?? ?a? ?a ?a????????
  (p??s??t??ta?, afa????ta? ?a? µetat??p??ta? t??
  ????se??) t? s?µpe??f??? t?? µ?sa ap? t??ß????a
  µe µ??f? p??? st?? ?????.

13
?? p????aµµa Construction Kits made of Atoms and
Bits (CAB). ??ast????t?te? µe Lego Mindstorms st?
Reggio Emilia

• ?? CAB ???p??????e se 3 d?µ?s?a ??p?a???e?a (8
  Marzo, Pablo Neruda, Villetta) µe t??e?? pa?d???
  4-5 ??????, 5-6 ?a? µ?a? p??t?? t???? t??
  d?µ?t????. ?? p????aµµa d????ese ap? t?
  Sept?µß??? t?? 2000 ?? ?a? t?? ?a??????? t?? 2001
  ?p?te ?a? ???st???p??????a? ta s?µpe??sµata
  (Comune di Reggio Emilia, 2001).
• ??ese ?? ßas????? st?????
• t? p?????s? ?a? ???s? ??f?a??? a?t??e?µ???? ap?
  pa?d?? 4 ?? 8 ?????? se p?a?s?a pa????d??? ?a?
  ??? se e??ast???a?? pe??ß?????.
• t? ?a d?ap?st?se? p?? d?µ???ta? ?? ???se?? t??
  pa?d??? ?ta? a?t? eµp?????ta? se p???µes????
  s?????e?
• ?a p?????se? t?? a??pt??? ???? ?????? ?a?
  p??t?t?p?? p?? ?a e?????? t? d?µ????????t?ta t??
  pa?d??? ?a? ?a a??????? t?? a?????? e?e???t???
  d??s? (Chioccariello et al, 2002).
• t? µe??t? t?? s??se?? ?a? t?? s?µpe??f???? t??
  pa?d??? d?af???? s???e??? ?a? ??????? (4-8 et??)
  se s??s? µe a?t??e?µe?a p?? e??a? se ??s? ?a
  pa???s??s??? a?t???µe? ?a? a????ep?d?ast????
  s?µpe??f????.
• ?a apa?t?se? st? e??t?µa t?? t? s?µßa??e? ?ta?
  ??a p????? (LEGO-MINDSTORMS) p?? ??e? s?ed?aste?
  ??a ???ste? ??? t?? 12 et??, p??te??eta? se
  pa?d?? ?????a? 5 et??

14
??pa?de?t???? efa?µ???? st? p?a?s?? t?? CAB

• ?a pa?d?? ???s?µ?p????? t? ??sta Robosport,
  p??? st?? ?p??a p????aµµat????? µ?s? t??
  ????sµ???? Robotrack ap?? ??µp?t-???µata ?ste ?a
  e?te???? ßas???? ????se??, s?µpe??f???? ?a?
  d?ad??µ?? .
• ?atas?e?????? ??a p???? ? ?p???? ?e?t??????ta? µe
  ß?s? ??a µ??a??sµ?, a?s??t??e? ?a? µ??a?????
  e??se?? µp??e? ?a eµp???t?ste? µe d?af??et???
  d?a??sµ?t??? µ??? ?a? ?a e?te?e? pe??st??f? ????
  ap? t?? ????? t?? a?ta???ss??ta? µ???µata ??
  e?t???? µe ta ??µp?t p?? ß??s???ta? ???t? t??.
• ??µ???????? ??a ??????d? st? ???t?? t?? ?p????
  e??e t?p??et??e? ??a f?t???tta?? t? ?p??? ?ta?
  ??µßa?e f?? a???????e??e ta p?ta?? t??.

15
?????ta? p??? s ??a ?e??? ??ad?

• St? ??p?a???e?? La Villetta ??a spasµ???, ?e???
  ??ad? f?te?eta? d?p?a se ??a ????? d??t??. ??
  ??ad? ?spase µet? ap? ???????e??a ?a? ta ?d?a ta
  pa?d?? ste?????????a? t?s? p?? ap?f?s?sa? ?a t?
  ?a?a???ta?????? (Comune di Reggio Emilia, 2001).
  ?a d?? f?t? s??d????a? µeta?? t??? µe ?a??d?a,
  a?s??t??e? ?a? µ???? ?aµp???a. ?ta? ??aµpe ?
  ????? ?a? f?t??e t? ???ta?? d??t??, ta f??a t??
  ?ste??a? s?µata st? ??µµ??? ??ad? t? ?p??? µe t?
  se??? t?? a?t?d???se ??????ta? ta ???t??a f???a
  t?? ?a? ta d??f??a a?t??e?µe?a p?? ß??s???ta?
  p??? t??
• ?? ??e?t?????? f?t? ???p??????e ap? ?µ?da
  pa?d??? 5-6 ?????? µe t? ß???e?a t?? ????sµ????
  Mindstorms, µe t? p??s???? a?s??t????, µ??a??sµ??
  ????s?? ?? e??? f???t?? ?p?????st?. ? d?ad??as?a
  t?? p????aµµat?sµ?? ????e ap? t??? das?????? a???
  ??a ta ?p????pa ?a? e??s?? p???p???a ß?µata ??a
  t? p?? ?a ?p?epe ?a ?e?t????e? t? s?st?µa, ta
  ap?f?s?sa? ta ?d?a ta pa?d??
• ?at? t? d????e?a ???? t?? e??e???µat??, ta pa?d??
  s?ed?a?a? ?a? ?at???afa? t?? ep?µe?e? ????se??
  t??? st? ?a?t?, ??a?a? p??ß???e?? ??a t? s????e?a
  t?? p??t?e?t ?a? d?at?p??a? s??e??? ?p???se?? ??a
  t? s?µpe??f??? t?? ??µp?t. ?at a?t? t?? t??p?
  d?µ?????????e ??a a??e?? µe ??? t?? ?st???a ??
  e?????? t?? p??t?e?t.

16

• ?at? t?? ???p???s? t?? p??t?e?t ta pa?d?? ta
  ?p??a d?at?p?sa? p??s?p???? ?p???se?? ??
  e?t?µ?se?? s?et??? µe t? p?? ?e?t????e? t?
  ??ad?. St? µeta?? p??????e ? ?d?a ?a s??e??s???
  ?a d????? p??? st? ??ad? ?atas?e?????ta? ?a?
  p????aµµat????ta? ??a ??µp?t t? ?p??? ?a f???e?
  t??f? sta p????a p????? ta ?p??a e??a?
  ?atas?e??se? ta pa?d?? t?? p??????µe??? ???????.
  ?atas?e?????ta? t? ??µp?t µetaf???a, ?p?epe ?a
  ??ß??? ?p??? ?a? ?a p????aµµat?s??? t?
  s?µpe??f??? t??. ?? ??µp?t-a??e???f???? e??e ??
  ?a????? ?a ste??e? t? e?a??t???? µ???µa st??
  µetaf???a ??µ??? ?a? ?a e?e???p???se? ??a µ????
  asa?s?? p?? ?at?ßa?e ?aµ??? ??a pe??asµ??? p????
  t?? ?at?????? st??µ?. ?? ??µp?t-a??e???f???? ?a
  ?p?epe ?a p????aµµat?ste? ?ste
• - ?a e?t?p??e? ?a? ?a a?a??????e? t? µa???
  ??aµµ? p??e?a? (a???????se t? µa??? ??aµµ?)
• - ?a a?a??????e? t? f?? ?a? t? s??t?d?.
• - ?a µ??e? t??? a???µ??? ?? e??a?e?? µ?t??s??
  (???e 24 ß?µata eµp???)
• - ?a ?e?????e? t? ?ate????s? p??? ta de??? ?a?
  p??? ta a??ste??. (st???e)
• - ?a µ??e? ?a ?ata?aßa??e? t?? d?af??et????
  ta??t?te? (?ta? ta p????? pe????, p??a??e
  ???????te?a)
• - ?a a?t??aµß??eta? ????? (?ta? a???? ta p?????
  ?a t?t?ß?????, ?e???a)
• - ?a ?aµß??e? ?a? ?a st???e? s?µa µ?s? a?s??t??a
• - ?a st???e? ???t??? µ???µa st? ??µp?t-µetaf???a
• - a?eß??ateß??e? t? asa?s?? µe t? pe??asµ???
  p???? ?a? ?a t? st???e? p?s? st? f???? t?? ef?s??
  e??e f?e?.

17
???f??a s?µpe??sµata p?? p????pt??? ap? t? C.A.B.

• ?a pa?d?? µa?a????? s?et??? e????a p?? ?a
  ???s?µ?p????? ??a ????sµ??? ?a? ?at???????? ?a
  ß??s???? e????a t? d??µ? t??? ef?s?? ?ata?t???
  t?? ßas???? ?e?t?????e? p?? ?a?a?t??????? ???e
  ????sµ???. ?da???? p????pte? t? ????sµ??? p??
  e????eta? µ?s? e?????d??? ?a? e?de????ta? st?
  pe??pt?s? pa?d??? ?????a? 4-5 et??
• ?a pa?d?? d???e?a? µe ?d?a?te?? ??e?? µe t?
  pa??t? Lego Mindstorms pa?? t?? d??f??e?
  d?s????e? ?? a?t? ??at? ?d? ta t??ß????a LEGO
  t??? e??a? e??a? a?ap?t? µ????? ???? st??
  p???ap??? d??at?t?te? ?atas?e??? p?? p??sf?????.
  ?s?? s a?t? ?a ?fe??eta? ? d???es? s?ed?asµ??
  ?a? ??????s?? µe t?? ?p??a p??se??????? t?
  pa????d? ta pa?d??.
• ?a pa?d?? a?s?????ta? ?? ?d?a?te?? a????? ?a
  ?ata???s??? se ß???? ta ?a?a?t???st??? t?? ??????
  p?? t??? p??sf??eta? ??a pa????d?, st???e?? p??
  e??a? apa?a?t?t? ?ste ?a t? e?t????? st? e??st?te
  p??t?e?t t?? t????

18

• ?p?de?????e p?s? ???s?µ? e??a? ? s?µß??? t??
  ??f?a??? ?a? ??t?p?? pa???s?a? t?? ?ata??af??
  (documentation) t?? eµpe????? ?a? p??t?e?t
  p??????µe??? t??e?? µ?sa st? pe??ß????? t??
  a????sa?.? ?pe???µ?s? pa???? eµpe????? ß???? ta
  pa?d?? ?a ß????e ??se?? ?a? t??p??? a?t?µet?p?s??
  ?a???????? s???et?? ?atast?se??.
• ?a pa?d?? a??pt??a? ????? ßa?µ? a?t?e?t?µ?s??,
  ?e????? p?? ta ß????se ?a a?t?µet?p?s??? s???ete?
  ?atast?se?? µe ?d?a?te?a ???t??? s????.
• ?a pa?d?? a??pt??a? de???t?te? ??????s?? ?a?
  s?ed?asµ?? ?at? t? d?µ??????a te??????????
  e??a?e???. ??t?? ?? de???t?te? p??fa???
  ?fe????ta? st? d??at?t?ta p?? e??a? ta pa?d?? ?a
  eµp?a???? se d?ast????t?te? pa????d??? µe
  s?µa?t??? µa??s?a?? ????t??.
• ? s??e??as?a t?? pa?d??? se µ????? ?µ?de?, ?
  a?ta??a?? ?de?? ?a? ep??e???µ?t?? a??? ?a? ?
  d???µas?a se s???ete? ?atast?se?? e??s??e? sta
  pa?d?? ta ????t?a ?a? t? pe?????e?a ?a
  e????e?????? µe µ?a d?ad??as?a pa?ap??s?a µe a?t?
  t?? p????aµµat?sµ??.
• ??a s?µa?t??? p??ß??µa e??a? ?? d?s????e? p??
  a?t?µet?p????? ?? µ????? µa??t?? ?? p??? t??
  a?a?????s? t?? ?e?t??????? t?? µ????? e?a?t?µ?t??
  t?? pa??t?? t?? Lego ?a??? ep?s?? ?a? ?? p??? t?
  s??a?µ?????s? ???sµ???? µe??? t?? pa??t??

19
St???? ??e???t??? e??t?µata

• St???? t?? pa???sa? ??e??a? e??a? ?a e?e???e? ?
  ????t?ta t?? ?p??es?? ?t? ? e?pa?de?t??? efa?µ???
  d?ast????t?t?? p?? pe??????? p????aµµat???µe?e?
  ??µp?t???? ?atas?e??? e??a? p?a?t??? ef??t? ?a?
  ap?f??e? a??????a µa??s?a?? ap?te??sµata se
  µa??t?? ?????a? 6-8 et??. Se pe??pt?s?
  epa???e?s?? t?? pa?ap??? ?p??es?? ?a ep??e????e?
  ?a? ? p??tas? e??? µ??t???? efa?µ????
  d?ast????t?t?? µe t? pa??t? Lego Mindstorms.
• St? ep??e?t?? t?? e?d?af????t?? µa? ß??s???ta? ta
  e??? e??t?µata
• a) p??a ? t?p?????a p??ß??µ?t?? p?? p????pte?
  ?at? t? e?pa?de?t??? ???s? ??µp?t???? ?atas?e???
  ap? µ???? pa?d??.
• ß) p??e? st?at?????? ep???s?? a?apt?ss??? ta
  pa?d?? se t?t??e? ?atast?se??
• ?) t? e?d??? de???t?te? (???st????
  µeta???st????) a?apt?ss???
• d) p??e? µ??f?? a????ep?d?as?? e?d??????ta? st?
  pe??ß????? efa?µ???? t?? d?ast????t?t??
• e) ?at? p?s? ? efa?µ??? t?? ?a??s?a??? ?e??d??
  ?p???s?? ???ß??µ?t?? (Problem Based Learning)
  ap?te?e? t? ?da???? p?a?s?? pe??aµat?sµ?? µe
  p????aµµat???µe?e? ?atas?e??? se µ????? ?????e?
  S?µf??a µe t? ???? (Vaughn, 2000 Greening, 2000
  Albanese M.A. and Mitchell S, 1993) ??a p??ß??µa
  p?? t??eta? st??? µa??t?? ?a p??pe? ?a e??a?
  a????fa???, ?a p???a?e? t? e?d?af????, ?a ??e?
  ef??t? ??s? ?a? ?a e??a? µa??s?a?? p???s??.
  ?s????? ??a a?t? se s?????e? e??as?a? µe t?
  pa??t? Lego Mindstorms