Structural Theory - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Structural Theory

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Lewis Theory Valence Bond ... electron pair Figure 1.2 A periodic table of the common elements seen in organic chemistry So let s write some Lewis Structures CCl4 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Structural Theory


1
Structural Theory Structure Determines
Properties
  • Structure how atoms are bonded together in a
    molecule
  • Bonding Theories from simplest to most complex
  • Lewis Theory
  • Valence Bond Theory
  • Orbital Hybridization
  • Resonance
  • Molecular Orbital Theory

2
Lewis Theory of Bonding
  • Only the valence electrons are involved in
    bonding represent these with dots
  • Atoms participate in bonding so as to achieve a
    noble gas electron configuration (a complete
    valence shell)
  • Octet for 2nd period and below, duet for hydrogen
  • B and Al often settle for six
  • Period 3 and lower can exceed octet
  • Covalent Bond shared electron pair

3
Figure 1.2 A periodic table of the common
elements seen in organic chemistry
4
So lets write some Lewis Structures CCl4 NH3 H
2O CO2 CH3Br CH4O CO2 PI3 N2H4 H2CO3 C3H8
C3H6
5
Figure 1.3 Summary The usual number of bonds of
common neutral atoms
6
Formal Charge
  • Formal Charge can be assigned to each atom in a
    Lewis structure. It is the charge the atom would
    have if its bonding electrons were being shared
    even steven.
  • FC the of e-s needed to balance nuclear
    charge minus the of e-s owned by the atom
  • FC group - nonbonding e-s ½ bonding e-s
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