Lungs

1
Lungs

• Features-
• Apex
• Base
• Three borders-ant, post infer
• Two surfaces- costal medial
• Medial surface verterbral mediastinal part

2
Lungs
3
Lungs
4
Lungs

• Structures related to mediastinal surface of rt
  lung
• Rt atrium auricle
• Small part of rt ventricle
• Superior venacava
• Lower part of the rt brachiocephalic vein
• Azygos vein
• Oesophagus
• Inferior venacava
• Trachea
• Rt vagus n
• Rt phrenic n

5
Lungs

• Structures related to mediastinal surface of lt
  lung
• Lt ventricle, lt auricle,infundibulum adjoining
  part of rt ventricle
• Plumonary trunk
• Arch of aorta
• Descending thoracic aorta
• Lt subclavian a
• Thoracic duct
• Oesophagus
• Lt brachiocephalic vein
• Lt vagus n
• Lt phrenic n
• Lt recurrent laryngeal n

6
Lungs

• Fissure and lobes of the lungs
• Rt lung- 2 fissures are oblique horizontal
• 3 lobes- upper, middle inferior

7
Lungs

• Lt lung- 1 fissure is oblique
• 2 lobes lingula

8
Lungs

• Root of the lung-
• Short broad pedicle which connects the medial
  surface of the lung to mediastinum
• Contents-
• Principal bronchus on lt side eparterial and
  hyparterial bronchi rt side
• 1 pulmonary artery
• 2 pulmonary veins
• Bronchial arteries, 1 on rt side 2 on lt side
• Bronchial veins
• Ant post pulmonary plexuses of nerves
• Lymphatics of the lung
• Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
• Areorlar tissues

9
Lungs

• Arrangement of structures in root
• From before backward
• Superior pulmonary vein
• Pulmonary artery
• bronchus

10
Lungs

• From above downwards
• Rt side
• Eparterial bronchus
• Pulmonary artery
• Hyparterial bronchus
• Inferior pulmonary vein
• Lt side
• Pulmonary artery
• Bronchus
• Inferior pulmonary vein

11
Lungs

• Relations of the root
• Anterior
• Common to two sides-
• Phrenic n
• Pericardiophernic vessels
• Anterior pulmonary plexus
• On rt side
• Superior venacava
• A part of the rt atrium
• Posterior
• Common to two sides
• Vagus n
• Post pulmonary plexus
• On lt side
• Descending thoracic aorta
• Superior
• On rt side
• Terminal part of azygos vein
• On lt side

12
Lungs

• Arterial supply-
• On rt side 1 bronchial artery 3rd posterior
  intercostal artery or from upper lt bronchial
  artery
• On lt side 2 bronchial arteries- descending
  thoracic aorta
• Venous drainage-
• Bronchial veins
• Rt bronchial vein drain into azygos vein
• Lt bronchial vein drain into either superior
  intercostal vein or into the hemiazygos vein
• Pulmonary veins

13
Lungs

• Lymphatic drainage
• Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
• Superficial vessels- peripheral lung tissue lying
  beneath the pulmonary pleura
• Deep vessels- bronchial tree, pulmonary vessels
  and connective tissue septa
• Nerve supply-
• Parasympathetic vagus, motor to bronchial
  muscles, secretomotor to the mucuos glands of the
  bronchial tree sensory
• Sympathetic 2nd to 5th spinal segments,
  inhibitory to the smooth muscle and glands of the
  bronchial tree
• Both of these nerves form ant and post pulmonary
  plexuses

14
Lungs

• Bronchial tree
• Bronchopulmonary segments

15
Lungs
16
Lungs
17
Lungs
18
Lungs