Personality

1
Personality

• Chapter 10

2
Activity

• On a ½ sheet of paper- write a list of
  words/characteristics
• that describe your personality (tear off the
  empty half)

3

• Get a partner that knows you- give them the empty
  half sheet with your name on it
• Your partner should now describe you

4

• Give the list back to the person
• Compare the list you wrote, with the list your
  partner wrote
• Are there similarities differences? Why?

5

• How are people similar?
• How are people different?
• What makes you unique?

6
Personality

• A persons unique and relatively consistent
  patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

7
Theories of Personality

• Different theories tell us how and why we have
  the personality we do.

8
Psychoanalysis- Freud

• Personality is determined from your unconscious
  desires/ conflicts (sexual aggressive)

9
Freuds Life

• Born in 1855 in Austria
• Cocaine and other tragedies
• Escape from the Nazis
• Life in Exile

10
Consciousness

• Unconscious- what you dont know is there- formed
  in early childhood
• Preconscious- you dont know, but can get easily
• Conscious- what you know and can remember

11
Psychoanalytical ApproachThe Unconscious Mind

• Unconscious Mind the most basic of all human
  instincts and desires. Primitive, uncontrolled
  thoughts of sex, aggression, hunger.

12
Psychoanalytical Approach The Unconscious Mind

• Unconscious Mind contains all of our repressed
  thoughts, passions, desires, wishes, feeling,
  etc. Repressed feelings are blocked because they
  would be too unsettling to acknowledge

13
Psychoanalytical Approach The Unconscious Mind

• Unconscious Mind Freud believed that to really
  understand a patients true personality, he
  needed to access the unconscious mind.

14
Psychoanalytical Approach

• How do we access the Unconscious Mind?

15
Psychoanalytical Approach Accessing the
Unconscious Mind

• Dream Interpretation
• Manifest Content the actual content of dreams
• Latent Content the interpreted content of a
  dream

16
Psychoanalytical Approach Accessing the
Unconscious Mind

• Free Association
• Patient reports all thoughts, feelings, and
  mental images that come to mind.
• Ie. Say the first thing that comes to mind when I
  say Cat

17
Accessing the Unconscious Mind

• The Freudian Slips
• Freud's term for these was "faulty action" In
  every case there is a presumed unconscious reason
  for the faulty action.
• errors of speech
• memory
• action-body language-body cues

18
Psychoanalytical Approach Accessing the
Unconscious Mind

• The Freudian Slip - Speech
• "As I was telling my husb" before abruptly
  breaking off and correcting herself "As I was
  telling President Bush."
• Condeleeza Rice
• Does the Secretary of State have a tormented
  life??

19
Psychoanalytical Approach Accessing the
Unconscious Mind

• The Freudian Slip - Speech
• Please do not give me any bills, because I
  cannot swallow them (Patient meant to say pills,
  but was really preoccupied by financial stresses)
• Youre the breast dressed woman here. (Man to
  his neighbors wife at costume party. Should
  have said best. Does this men he lusts after
  her?)

20
Psychoanalytical Approach Accessing the
Unconscious Mind

• The Freudian Slip - Body
• Yes, I really like you. (Hands on hips and legs
  crossed? Body-language indicates defiance and
  un-acceptance.)
• No, I never cheated on you. (Playing with an
  ear and a shifty gaze? Indicates lying, avoiding
  the truth.)

21
Testing

• Projective Tests
• Personality tests that provide ambiguous stimuli
  to trigger ones inner thoughts and feelings

22
Psychoanalytical Approach Developing Personality

• The battle for satisfaction between the
  unconscious mind and our conscious awareness
  takes place on three mental battlefields
• ID
• EGO
• SUPEREGO

23
(No Transcript)
24
Freuds personality structure

• Id- At Birth
• Unconscious
• Pleasure Principle
• Irrational, instinctual, Immediate

25

• Ego- comes with experience
• Reality Principle
• Part Conscious (un, pre)
• Organized, rational, acceptable ways to desire
• Mediator

26

• Superego- (5 or 6)
• Morality Principle
• Partly Conscious (un, pre)
• Values, acceptable behavior, conscience,
  guilt-shame-anxiety

27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
Ego Defense Mechanisms

• Your EGO must safely and responsibly satisfy your
  ID, while keeping in mind your SUPEREGO

30

• Too much for the ego anxiety
• Reality is distorted to keep away the anxiety

31
Defense Mechanism

• Your minds way of reducing internal stress
  caused by excess anxiety

32
Repression

• Excluding from consciousness all anxiety
  producing thoughts, feelings, impulses

33

• You cant remember anything about a car accident
  you had two weeks ago
• The accident produces too much anxiety- so it
  goes away

34
Regression

• Behaving in a way that is characteristic of
  earlier development (childlike).

35

• My 10 year old is sucking her thumb all of a
  sudden, she stopped at age 2.
• After a divorce (she cant handle the idea) she
  reverts back to a safer time

36
Identification

• When a person changes some aspect of their
  personality to be more like others thus
  reducing anxiety.
• Occurs on a subconscious level not just
  mimicking

37
Psychoanalytical ApproachDefense Mechanisms

• Reaction Formation is when the EGO is stressed
  over whether not it is making the right decision
  regarding a behavior, so instead of dealing with
  the anxiety, the EGO enacts behavior that is
  exactly opposite of the decision it made

38
Psychoanalytical ApproachDefense Mechanisms

• Reaction Formation So a child, angry at his or
  her mother, may become overly concerned with her
  and rather dramatically shower her with
  affection. An abused child may run to the abusing
  parent. Or someone who can't accept a homosexual
  impulse may claim to despise homosexuals

39
Displacement

• Redirection of impulse toward a safe alternative

40

• I go home and kick my dog.
• I was really upset because my seniors miss too
  many days of class, I cant hurt them, so I pick
  something I can hurt

41
Rationalization

• Justifying your actions/ feelings with another
  explanation- not your true feelings

42

• Im glad I didnt get into that college- the
  drive would have been too far.
• You were really upset about not getting in, but
  cant face that anxiety

43
Projection

• Giving your own unacceptable urges or qualities
  to others.

44

• I dont understand how he doesnt get a
  detention- he is always late to class!
• You have been late 123 times, but you dont talk
  about YOU.

45
Denial

• Failing to recognize or acknowledge the existence
  of information that causes anxiety.

46

• No, I dont have a drinking problem, I can stop
  anytime I want.
• You are an alcoholic- your friends and family all
  know it, but you wont admit it.

47
Sublimation

• The Transfer of unwanted behaviors into something
  less harmful.
• Freud considered it the only healthy defense
  mechanism

48

• A person who is angry may work out and get in
  shape as a result
• A person that is sexually frustrated may become
  an artist and release the pent up energy and
  emotion into great works of art.

49
Psychosexual Stages

• Freuds theory of sexual development
• Sexual means whatever brings pleasure, not
  procreation

50

• Different sexual urges are expressed through
  different parts of the body at different ages.
• The pleasure centers

51

• If too much or too little energy is expressed
  during each stage- a person can become fixated
• Fixated stages affect your personality

52
Oral Stage

• Birth to 1 ½
• Pleasure through eating, biting, putting
  everything in mouth

53
(No Transcript)
54
Fixated?

• Bites on pens, smokes, bites fingernails,
  addicted to chap stick, chews a lot of gum
• Gullible, sarcastic, lacks confidence

55
Anal Stage

• 1 ½ to 3
• Pleasure through control of elimination
• Potty training

56
(No Transcript)
57
Fixated?

• Excessively ordered
• Anal Retentive
• Excessively sloppy
• Self destructive tendencies

58
(No Transcript)
59
Phallic Stage

• Age 3-5
• Discover genitals
• Attachment to opp sex parent, Jealous of same sex
  parent

60
(No Transcript)
61
Oedipus Complex

• Unconscious desire for opposite sex parent
  hostility toward same sex parent
• Boys Mommies

62
(No Transcript)
63
Electra Complex

• Unconscious desire for opposite sex parent
  hostility toward same sex parent
• Girls Daddies

64
(No Transcript)
65
Identification

• To get rid of urges imitation of same sex
  parent
• Boys want to only play with Daddy, Girls only
  with Mommy

66
Latency Stage

• Age 5- Puberty
• No sexual energy
• Learns gender identity

67
Genital Stage

• Puberty
• Reproduction capable
• Mature, responsible urges instead of sexual
• No Fixation

68
Updating Freuds Theory

• Less emphasis than Freud on
• Sexual basis of personality
• Men vs. women