The Colonies Come of Age

1
The Colonies Come of Age

• Chapter 3

2
England Its Colonies

• Est. colonies to increase wealth power
• Mercantilism colonies provide raw materials and
  become a market for English goods
• Economic growth exceeded G.B.
• Imposed Navigation Acts which regulated and
  restricted colonial trade

3
Navigation Acts

• Must be shipped on British or colonial ships
  same with crew
• Must be shipped with British or colonial crew
• Only allowed to ship to England

4
Colonists Reaction

• Colonists were not happy
• Smugglers attempted to evade the laws
• Could get more if they traded directly with
  other countries
• The rebelling began!

5
Agricultural South

• Economy based upon agriculture
• Rural self-sufficient
• GA indigo rice
• MD, VA NC tobacco (tripled in price )

6
Southern Society

• Women
• no rights
• domestic responsibilities
• Indentured Servants
• Lived in harsh conditions

7
Slavery

• Satisfy labor needs
• Increased when indentured servants decreased
• 1690 1750 increase of 185,000 slaves
• Mostly in the south
• Stono Rebellion

8
The Commercial North

• Middle colonies wheat, corn, cattle hogs
• Northern colonies grinded wheat, fished and sold
  lumber

9
IMMIGRANTS

• ½ million Europeans
• Religious freedom, economic opportunity, flee
  wars or start a new life

10
Background on the French British

• France and Britain were rivals
• British populated the majority of the New World
• 1,000,000 Brits vs. 80,000 French
• Had fought 3 wars in 50 years

11
Social Differences

• French
• Mainly boys and men
• Economy revolved around fur trading
• Friendly with natives

• British
• Est. towns
• Created farming communities
• Centered around farming life
• Threatened native life

12
The French Indian War Begins

• Began in Ft. Necessity with Colonel Washington
  fighting the French he lost
• Indians side with the French
• British suffered early losses due to guerilla war
  tactics of French and Indians

13
Winning the War

• British use germ warfare small pox
• British wanted French out of Ohio Valley
• 50,000 soldiers were sent to the colonies
• British were now winning the war

14
Treaty of Paris

• Ended the war in 1763
• Frances gives up Canada and territory east of the
  Mississippi River
• Allowed to keep some Caribbean Islands

15
Significance of the War

• Created pride in the empire working together
• Left England broke forced to raise taxes
• No more foreign threats to colonists

16
Colonial Effects

• Proclamation of 1763 attempt to keep colonists
  east of the Appalachian Mts.
• ineffective
• Britain needs to protect more land
• Forced to pay taxes for increased protection and
  to pay off war debt
• Sugar Act
• Many smuggled goods
• No taxation without representation! REBELLION

17
Stirrings of Rebellion

• Boycott of British goods
• Stamp Act, Townshend Act
• Boston Massacre
• Boston Tea Party
• Intolerable Acts

18
Causes for Revolution

• Stamp Act 1765
• Tax placed on goods and services
• any PAPER product
• REACTION protest, boycott, Declaration of
  Rights and Grievances
• Colonists stand together

19
Causes for Revolution

• Townshend Act 1767
• Tax on imported items
• Troops to protect ports
• REACTION No taxation without representation
• Boycott and smuggling began

20
Causes for Revolution

• Boston Massacre 1770
• Competition for jobs between colonists
• 4 colonists die
• REACTION publish dramatic reactions

21
Causes for Revolution

• Tea Act 1773
• Can only buy British Tea
• REACTION rebels dumped 15,000 pounds of tea
  into Boston Harbor

22
Causes for Revolution

• Intolerable Acts 1774
• Closed Boston Harbor and began quartering troops
• REACTION 1st Continental Congress and draw up a
  declaration of colonial rights

23
Causes for Revolution

• Intolerable Acts 1774
• Closed Boston Harbor and began quartering troops
• REACTION 1st Continental Congress and draw up a
  declaration of colonial rights

24
1st Continental Congress

• Philadelphia 1774
• declaration of colonial rights
• agreed to fight back against the British

25
Lexington Concord

• One if by land, two if by sea
• British Gen. Gage ordered troops to seize illegal
  weapons in Concord
• British arrived, but MINUTEMEN were prepared
• 8 minutemen were killed in Lexington
• Concord ammo was moved

26
2nd Continental Congress

• Philadelphia 1775
• John Adams proposes an independent government
• George Washington declared commander

27
Olive Branch Petition

• Effort by Congress to restore relations
• Rejected by King George
• British establish a navel blockade
• Rejection encourages colonists for independence

28
Common Sense

• Written by Thomas Paine
• Argues and gains support for independence
• Written for the commoner

29
Declaration of Independence

• Written by Thomas Jefferson
• Enlightenment ideas
• John Locke
• Life, liberty, property, contract between people
  government

30
Declaration of Independence

• Government gets their powers from the people
• All men are created equal not blacks, natives
  or women
• 27 grivences

31
Declaration of Independence

• July 4, 1776 adopted by the 2nd Continental
  Congress
• Divided the colonists
• Patriots
• Loyalists (Tories)

32
Taking Sides

• Many colonists were neutral
• Slaves were offered freedom by British
• 60,000 fought for GB
• Natives supported the British
• Thought they would win

33
Revolutionary War (Middle States)