Scopes

1
Scopes Monkey TrialClash over Evolution
Power point created by Robert Martinez Primary
Content Material History Alive! Photographs
Illustrations as Cited.
http//www.latw.org/images/photoScopes.jpg
2

• During the 1920s, in response to the Lost
  Generations wild behavior, such as provocative
  dancing (Charleston), wild music (Jazz), wild
  women (flappers), Conservative America looked to
  fundamentalism of the Bible.

Louis Armstrong
http//www.creationsfantastic.com/portfolio/portra
its/images/por_armstrong.jpg
http//www.flickr.com/photos/78128643_at_N00/20080125
4/in/set-72157594219612023/
3

• The defenders of traditional religion looked to
  the Bible for support in the struggle against
  this new wild atmosphere of the Twenties.

http//www.andrews.edu/SEM/BSAS/bible4.gif
4

• Fundamentalism is the idea that religious texts
  and beliefs should be taken literally and treated
  as the authority on appropriate behavior.

5

• Prohibition emerges as one example of Americas
  fundamentalist pursuit to correct society.
• Prohibition, by the 18th Amendment, makes the
  drinking, possession, or distribution of
  alcoholic beverages illegal.

http//content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/6/6f
/Prohibition.jpg
http//www.flickr.com/photos/linhphan/85907113/
6

• In 1925, the Tennessee Legislature passed a law
  making it illegal for a public schools to teach
  any theory that denies the story of Divine
  Creation of man as taught in the Bible.

http//www.pressebox.de/attachment/37019/evolution
.jpg
7

• In an effort to show how foolish the law was, a
  young science teacher, John Scopes, teaches a
  lesson on Evolution.
• The stage was set for a dramatic showdown between
  modernists and traditionalists over the place of
  science and religion in public schools.

http//www.antievolution.org/topics/law/scopes/sco
pes03s.jpg
8
John Scopes
tp//www.flickr.com/photos/smithsonian/2898289055/

9

• Modernists looked to science, not the Bible, to
  explain how the physical world worked.
• Scientists accepted as true only facts and
  theories that could be tested and supported with
  evidence.

http//solar-center.stanford.edu/images/gravity-ne
wton.jpg
10
Theory of Evolution

• British naturalist Charles Darwin theorized that
  all plants and animals, including humans, had
  evolved from simpler forms of life.

http//shots.oxo.li/hot/OXO-World/Charles_Darwin.j
pg
11

• Darwin believed that evolution of one species
  from another took place over thousands or
  millions of years.
• It worked through a process he called natural
  selection or survival of the fittest.

http//www.flickr.com/photos/photonquantique/18586
85882/
12

• During natural selection, species that make
  favorable adaptations to their environment are
  more likely to survive than those that do not.
• In such a way, Darwin argued, human beings had
  evolved from apes.

Characterization of Charles Darwin as an ape.
http//www.directopedia.org/onTEAM/wiki/img/8/180p
x-Darwin_ape.jpg
13

• Modernists embraced the concepts of evolution and
  natural selection.
• Rather than choosing between science and
  religion, they believed that both could coexist.
• By the 1920s, the theory of evolution was
  regularly taught in schools.

http//www.flickr.com/photos/cpurrin1/159230245/
14

• Fundamentalists believed the Bible was the
  literal word of God.
• They rejected the theory of evolution because it
  conflicted with creationism, the belief that God
  created the universe as described in the Bible.

http//www.christcenteredmall.com/stores/art/hallm
ark/previews/the_word_of_god.jpg
15

• During the 1920s, fundamentalists campaigned to
  ban the teaching of evolution in public schools.
• They found their voice in William Jennings Bryan.

http//www.swordofthelord.com/biographies/BryanWil
liamJennings.jpg
16

• William Jennings Bryan had played a major role in
  American politics for 30 years. He had run for
  president (Democrat Populist) 3 times and
  served in President Wilsons cabinet.

http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/monkeytrial/peopleeve
nts/images/p_bryan.jpg
17

• Tennessee became the first state to ban the
  teaching of evolution in public schools.
• Scopes believed that he cannot teach biology
  without teaching evolution.
• Scopes is arrested for teaching the theory of
  evolution.

http//alliance.ed.uiuc.edu/cdrom/hononegah/Scopes
_Folder/scopespic.gif
18
(No Transcript)
19

• The Scopes trial began on July 10, 1925, bringing
  far more attention than both sides had expected.
• Some 200 national reporters arrived in Dayton,
  Tennessee.
• Tourists and vendors (selling toy monkeys)
  descend on Daytons circus atmosphere.

National Reporters follow the story closely. The
nation is engrossed by the story.
http//www.npr.org/programs/atc/features/2005/jul/
scopes/bryanspeaks200.jpg
20
http//www.antievolution.org/topics/law/scopes
21
Bryan vs. Darrow

• William Jennings Bryan agrees to represent the
  State of Tennessee with its prosecution of John
  Scopes.
• High-powered lawyer Clarence Darrow offers to
  defend Scopes free of charge.

Darrow Bryan taking a break during the trial.
http//www.flickr.com/photos/99805939_at_N00/4614952/
22
http//www.americanheritage.com/events/articles/we
b/20060710-john-scopes-creationism-evolution-darwi
n-intelligent-design-william-jennings-bryan-monkey
-trial.shtml
23
Clarence Darrow

• Darrow had supported Bryan for president (they
  were friends), but he disagreed with him about
  religion.
• Darrow had enjoyed a reputation of defending
  American labor and WWI War protestors.

http//www.houseofwaterdancer.com/images/law/darro
w-clarence.JPG
24

• In their opening statements, the opposing lawyers
  recognized that what was on trial was the Bible
  and the Theory of Evolution, not the law.

http//img.nytstore.com/IMAGES/NSAP235_LARGE.JPG
25
http//www.antievolution.org/topics/law/scopes
26

• If evolution wins, Christianity goes,
• - warned William Jennings Bryan

27
Scopes isnt on trial civilization is on
trial- argued Clarence Darrow
http//www.npr.org/programs/atc/features/2005/jul/
scopes/bryanspeaks200.jpg
28

• After listening to only one of Darrows defensive
  experts, the judge refuses to let his remaining
  experts testify.

http//www.americanheritage.com/assets/images/arti
cles/web/20060710.jpg
29
http//www.antievolution.org/topics/law/scopes
30

• For a moment, it looked like Darrow had no
  defense. Then he surprised everyone by calling
  Bryan to the stand as an expert on the Bible.

http//www.kennislink.nl/upload/86627_962_10288927
63232-William-Jennings-Bryan2.jpg
31
Do you claim that everything in the Bible should
be literally interpreted? Darrow asked Bryan
http//thesituationist.files.wordpress.com/2007/03
/clarence-darrow-at-scopes-trial.jpg
32
I believe everything in the Bible should be
accepted as it is given there.- William
Jennings Bryan
http//www.npr.org/programs/atc/features/2005/jul/
scopes/bryanspeaks200.jpg
33
I do not think it means necessarily a
twenty-four-hour day, creation, he added, might
have continued for millions of years.
However, when asked if Earth had been created in
six days, Bryan answered,
http//ap.grolier.com/images/cache/075/copg000720t
.jpg
34

• Darrow had tricked Bryan, into admitting that he
  himself did not always interpret each and every
  word in the Bible as the literal truth.

http//www.flickr.com/photos/kimberlyb/1339404425/
35

• When the trial ended, it took the jury fewer than
  10 minutes to find Scopes guilty.
• The judge fined John Scopes only 100 for
  breaking the Tennessee law.

http//www.realestateparrsboro.com/Nov29Scopes.jpg
36
Victory in Defeat

• Although, John Scopes had been found guilty by
  the judge, it was believed to be a huge victory
  for science.

Scopes Monkey Trial Courtroom
http//www.flickr.com/photos/51167738_at_N00/37059140
8/
37

• A year later, the Tennessee Supreme Court
  overturned the conviction because the judge, not
  the jury, had imposed the fine.

38

• The Scopes trial did not end the debate over
  teaching evolution in public schools.

http//www.msu.edu/zimme106/scopemonkey.jpg
39
Inherit the WindSuggested Reading and Movie
http//images.amazon.com/images/P/0553269151.01.LZ
ZZZZZZ.jpg