CSCI 101 Final Exam Review

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CSCI 101 Final Exam Review

• Dannelly's Sections

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This short overview is not intended to be a
complete review for the final exam. Review
your notes and homework. Historically in
Dannelly's CSCI101 classes, the class average of
the final exam is 10 points lower than the
midterm average.
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Exam Format

• Comprehensive Exam
• some questions stolen from midterm and quizzes
• review the homework assignments
• Mostly multiple choice.
• bring a couple of 2 pencils

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History

• General design and internal operation of
  computers has not changed much in 60 years.
• Basic Operations are both very simple (add,
  subtract, compare, ) and limited in number
• Moore's Law -gt transistors per square inch
  doubles every two years.
• Cheaper and Faster -gt more people use them for
  more purposes
• Future likely to include more "cloud" and
  "wearable"

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Hardware Terms

• binary numbers
• PC / workstation / server / supercomputer
• internal components
• motherboard
• CPU
• RAM (main memory)
• ROM (small, permanent memory)

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Memory Capacity

• Bit - 0 or 1
• Byte - 8 bits
• KiloByte - approx one thousand bytes
• MegaByte - approx one million bytes
• GigaByte - approx one billion bytes
• TeraByte - approx one trillion bytes

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Operating Systems

• OS is software that controls access to all the
  hardware resources such as memory, the CPU, and
  files
• Allows multiple programs to share the CPU by
  quickly swapping which process is currently
  running
• one CPU can only execute one instruction at a
  time
• dual-core CPU can execute two instructions at
  once
• Example Operating Systems, among many, are
  Windows and Linux

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Internet

• Network of Networks
• Began in 1969 by the DoD
• now owned by big telecom companies
• Bandwidth data capacity
• Net Neutrality
• Domain Name - a name that has been registered and
  tied to an internet address
• To get your own domain name (such as
  winthrop.edu) you need to have your own IP
  address (such as 10.2.0.164) and pay a small
  annual registration fee to ICANN to have an entry
  in the DNS. Or just rent server space and let
  them register your domain name.

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Viruses

• virus
• copies itself and usually destroys files
• carried by files such as email attachments,
  "free" software, JavaScript inside web pages, etc
• worm
• moves around via network devices, no user
  interaction needed to spread worms
• trojan horse
• virus or worm that hides inside another program

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Networking Terms

• LAN
• local area network
• connects a small number of computers (less than
  100) in a small place (one building)
• WAN
• wide area network
• connects LANS
• Router
• the box that connects your LAN to the bigger
  network
• Client / Server
• a method of processing where a central location
  provides a service, eg web servers and email
  servers
• Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
• instead of using a central server, computers talk
  directly to each other

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Communication Media

• DSL - digital subscriber line
• uses the same type of twisted pair wire as your
  phone
• works well over short distances
• Cable Modem
• uses the same wire as your TV cable, which can
  better handle high bandwidth over long distances
• Fiber Optic
• extremely high bandwidth
• expensive to install and repair, very hard to tap
• Radio / WiFi
• the wave of the future?

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Software Development

• Algorithm - a set of steps to solve a problem
• Programming - turning an algorithm into source
  code
• Source Code - the human readable instructions
  that tell the computer what to do
• Machine Code - the 0s and 1s version of the
  source code that the machine understands and
  executes

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Database Terminology

• Tables
• a grouping of related information
• rows and columns
• Records
• data about one entity
• rows
• Fields
• attributes, information categories
• columns
• Keys
• Fields that are used to identified individual
  records, and/or link tables

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HTML Tags to Memorize

• Format of Every Web Page
• lthtmlgt
• ltheadgt
• lttitlegt My Home Page lt/titlegt
• lt/headgt
• ltbodygt
• This is my home page.
• lt/bodygt
• lt/htmlgt

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HTML Tags to Memorize

• ltbgt lt/bgt
• ltcentergt lt/centergt
• lth1gt lt/h1gt lth2gt lt/h2gt
• ltBRgt
• ltPgt
• nbsp
• lta href"http//www.cnn.com"gtlinklt/agt
• ltimg src"aardvark.jpg"gt

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HTML Tags to Recognize

• Lists and Tables
• ltulgt ltolgt
• ltligt
• lttable rulesall width500gt
• lttrgt
• lttdgt

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HTML Tags to Recognize

• Styles
• ltstyle type"text/css"gt
• ahover backgroundorange colorblue
• h1 backgroundmaroon colorgold
• lt/stylegt
• lta href "bob.htm"
• style"text-decorationnone colorblack"gt

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Interactive Web Pages

• Forms
• allows web page user to input information that is
  submitted to a program running on a web server
  machine
• requires a specialized program running on the
  server to process the data
• JavaScript
• instructions run by the web browser on your PC
• "function" - a block of instructions

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Questions?

• Thurmond 315
• dannellys_at_winthrop.edu