Sponge - Why do astronomers believe the lunar highlands are older than the maria? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sponge - Why do astronomers believe the lunar highlands are older than the maria?

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Sponge - Why do astronomers believe the lunar highlands are older than the maria? Surface Rocks - There are basically two kinds of surface rock on the Moon. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Sponge - Why do astronomers believe the lunar highlands are older than the maria?


1
Sponge - Why do astronomers believe the lunar
highlands are older than the maria?
2
Surface Rocks -There are basically two kinds of
surface rock on the Moon.
  • Highland rock - 2.9 g/cm3, rich in aluminum,
    lighter in color, crust material
  • Maria rock - 3.3 g/cm3, richer in iron, darker in
    color, mantle material

3
Many rock samples are impact breccia, a rock that
consists of many smaller rock fragments stuck
together due to meteoric impacts.
4
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5
The maria are believed to have been formed by
great volcanic upwellings of mantle material
about 4 billion years ago. These may have been
caused by lunar impacts with very large space
debris.
6
Meteoric collisions caused the layer of
pulverized ejecta that covers the Moon to an
average depth of 20 m.
7
This soil is also called lunar dust or
regolith, which means fine rocky layer. It is
thinnest on the maria (10 m), thicker on the
highlands (over 100 m in some places).(The term
regolith is also used for the soil on other moons
and planets.)
8
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9
The bootprints left in the regolith by the Apollo
astronauts will remain for millions of years due
to the slow erosion.
10
Lunar regolith contains no organic matter or
water, unlike Earth soil.
11
Most all lunar craters are meteoric, but some
are volcanic.
12
Volcanic rilles are ditches where molten lava
once flowed.
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15
No rocks on the Moon have been found to be
younger than 3 billion years, so this was the
time of the last volcanic activity.
16
Lava flows
17
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