Sect. 1

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Sect. 1 Early Colonies Have Mixed Success
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The English Plan Colonies

• Colonies would provide a market for English
  exports
• Source or raw material
• Increase trade
• Build up gold supply
• Mercantilism state controls trade and attempts
  to transfer wealth from colonies to parent
  country
• Reasons for going to America
• Lack of economic opportunity in England
• Gold mines
• Religious persecution

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Financing a Colony

• Joint-Stock Company
• Backed by investors people put money in to earn
  profits
• Investor got shares
• Split any profits
• Divided any losses
• Virginia Company of London, Virginia Company of
  Plymouth, (later Massachusetts Bay Company and
  Dutch West Indies Company)
• Charter
• Written contract
• Issued by government
• Gave the holder right to establish colony

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• Who Who were among the settlers at Sagadahoc?
• Convicts
• Who was their leader?
• George Popham
• What happened to the colonists at Roanoke?
• Cut off from food supply by Native Americans
  sent back to England
• What happened to the colony at Sagadahoc?
• Arguments, harsh winter, fights with Native
  Americans, food shortages, forced to return to
  England

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• What was the House of Burgesses?
• Elected representatives that would meet once a
  year first representative assembly in American
  Colonies
• What was Bacons Rebellion?
• Marched into Jamestown, took control of House of
  Burgesses and burned Jamestown to the ground.
• When was Jamestown settled?
• 1607
• When did the starving time end?
• Starving time ended in 1610

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• Why did the settlers go to Jamestown?
• Make money, find gold, new life, greater
  opportunities
• Why didnt the settlers get along with their
  neighbors?
• Because they wanted more and more of their land
• Why did Jamestown nearly fail?
• Disease, unwilling to work, more interested in
  gold than work
• Why did Bacons rebellion occur?
• Opposed William Berkeley
• High taxes
• Favoritism toward large plantation owners
• Bacon wanted war with Native Americans to seize
  land for tobacco

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• Where was Roanoke?
• Island off of North Carolina
• Where was Sagadahoc?
• Maine mouth of Kennebec River
• Where was Jamestown?
• In Virginia, on a small peninsula on James River
• How was Jamestown saved from failure?
• John Smith took over and forced colonists to work
  tobacco provided money to build the colony.

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Sect. 2 New England Colonies
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Causes of Conflict Result of Conflict
King James vs. Pilgrims Pilgrims a separatist group. King attacked them for rejecting Englands Official church. Fled to Holland first. Approached Virginia Comp. To arrange to settle in America
Puritans vs. Church of England Religious beliefs Wanted church of England to purify its practices Bad treatment by King. Left England to form colonies in America .Great Migration
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Causes of Conflict Result of Conflict
Puritan leaders vs. Roger Williams Opposed forced attendance at church. Opposed taking Native lands by force Left and started Rhode Island
Puritan leaders vs. Anne Hutchinson Believed person could worship God without help of church, minister or Bible Banished and fled to Rhode Island
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Causes of Conflict Result of Conflict
Quakers vs. Massachusetts Commonwealth Believed that each person could know God directly through an inner light no minister or bible needed. Treat Native Americans fairly Called Quakers. Whipped, imprisoned or hung. .Left for Rhode Island
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Causes of Conflict Result of Conflict
King Philips War Americans land belonged to person or group. Native Americans land belonged to everyone. Religion. Increased population of Europeans Colonial victory. Destruction of 12 colonial villages-600 military -3000 Native Americans killed. King Philip killed500 Native Americans enslaved
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Causes of Conflict Result of Conflict
Salem Witchcraft Trials Younger generations different religious view than that of parents. False accusations. Witch hunts Arrests, trials and execution for witchcraft.
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What was the Mayflower Compact?

• Vowed to obey laws agreed upon for the good of
  the colony
• Helped establish the idea of self-government and
  majority rule

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PILGRIMS LAND
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• How did Squanto and Samoset help the Pilgrims?
• Interpreter between Pilgrims and Chief Massasoit
• Negotiated a peace treaty
• Showed them how to plant, hunt and fish
• Describe the First Thanksgiving.
• Three day feast
• Represented the peace that existed at the time
  between Native Americans and Pilgrims

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What was the New England Way?

• Congregation group of people who belonged to
  the same church
• Set up own town
• Meeting house
• Most important building
• Gathered for town meetings
• A form of self government
• Made laws and other decisions for the community
• Only male church members could vote or hold office

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• By law all had to attend church services
• Sermon provided instruction in New England Way
• Emphasized duty, godliness, hard work and honesty
• Dancing and playing games would lead to laziness
• God requires them to work long and hard at their
  vocation
• Work ethic contributed to rapid growth and
  success of New England Colonies
• Depended on Education laws required that all
  children be able to read

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• Who founded Connecticut?
• Thomas Hooker
• What is the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
• A constitution
• Extended voting rights to non-church members
• Limited the power of the governor
• Expanded the idea of representative government

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Describe the Beginning of New Hampshire?

• Village near Portsmouth
• John Wheelwright town of Exeter
• Exeter Compact based on Mayflower Compact

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FOUNDING THE MIDDLE AND SOUTHERN COLONIES
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• What attracted Catholics, Quakers and Jews to
  these colonies?
• Religious freedom
• What economic activities were important in the
  Middle Colonies?
• Hudson and Delaware river supported shipping and
  commerce
• River valleys had rich soil and mild winters
• Conditions favorable for farming and raising
  livestock

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• What area did New Netherland include?
• Included Hudson river Valley, Long Island, land
  along Delaware river
• Explain the Patroon system. How did help attract
  settlers to New Netherland?
• Patroon system
• Person brought 50 settlers
• Reward patron received large land grant
• Special privileges in hunting, fishing and fur
  trading on land
• Jews, Africans as slaves, indentured servants and
  Puritans

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• How did the English acquire New Netherland?
• Peter Stuyvesant governor
• Attacked New Sweden
• New Sweden surrendered

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• Explain how the Duke of York became owners of New
  York?
• King Charles II wanted Duke to drive Dutch out of
  Netherland
• Dutch a threat to Englands trade
• Threat because of expanding settlements and
  location
• When Dukes ships appeared off New Amsterdam the
  colony surrendered
• Became a proprietary colony of New York
• Duke was owner

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• How did the province of New Jersey come about?
• Duke of York gave province of New Jersey to
  George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley
• How did the owners of the New Jersey colony
  attract settlers?
• Promised freedom of religion
• Large grants of land
• Representative assembly

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• How did Wm. Penn receive the land called
  Pennsylvania?
• Joined the Quakers
• Attacked for his beliefs
• King Charles gave him large piece of land in
  America in partial payment to his family
• Called Pennsylvania Means Penns Woods
• Created a colony for Quakers

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• How did Penns religious beliefs affect the way
  he governed Pennsylvania?
• Quakers
• All people should live in peace and harmony
• Welcomed different religions and ethnic groups
• Wanted Native Americans to be treated fairly
• Policies made Pennsylvania one of the wealthiest
  of American Colonies

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How did Delaware come about?

• Granted three lower counties of Delaware their
  own Assembly became Delaware

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What attracted settlers to the Southern Colonies?

• Maryland, Carolinas and Georgia
• Soil and climate suitable for crops such as
  tobacco, rice and indigo

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Why did Lord Baltimore establish Maryland?

• For Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in
  England
• Promised religious freedom to attract more
  settlers
• Passed Toleration Act

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What was Marylands economy based on?

• Economy based on tobacco
• Used up the land
• Had to clear new land every 3-4 years
• Laborers came as servants or slaves
• Few women as settlers

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Who were the first settlers to Carolina and how
did they live?

• Early settlers build Charles Town Charleston
• Cut timber, raised cattle and traded with Native
  Americans
• Refuge for Huguenots (French Protestants) seeking
  religious freedom

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What changed the economy of Carolina and how did
this lead to the beginning of slavery?

• Needed laborers to grow rice and indigo
• Encouraged to used enslaved Africans
• Sold Native Americans into slavery
• Battle between settlers and Native Americans over
  Indian slaves and taking of land

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In what way did Carolina change after it became a
royal colony?

• Battle between settlers and Native Americans over
  Indian slaves and taking of land
• No help from owners so they overthrew the rule
• Became Royal Colony governor appointed by King
• Divided into North and South Carolina

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• Why did James Oglethorpe found Georgia?
• Refuge for debtors
• How did the English government intent to use the
  Georgia colony?
• English governor wanted a military outpost
  against Spanish Florida and French Louisiana
• Spanish tried to force English out but
  unsuccessful

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• Who settled in Georgia?
• English, German, Swiss and Scottish
• All religions welcome
• Why did Oglethorpe lose control and what happened
  to the colony?
• Oglethorpe set strict rules that upset colonists
• King made a royal colony

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