??? Maturity Level 2: Managed Process Areas

1
???Maturity Level 2Managed Process Areas

• ?????? ?????????? ?

2
Table of Contents

• ????(REQM)
• ????(PP)
• ????(PMC)
• ???????(SAM)
• ?????(MA)
• ?????????(PPQA)
• ????(CM)
• QA

3
Maturity Level 2 PAs
Development Project
Customer
4
????Requirement Management
5
????(REQM)

• ??
• ???????,????????????????,???(identify)????????????
  ??????(inconsistencies)?

6
Requirements Must be Documented

• Simple as a memo
• Elaborate as multi-volume specifications
• All changes must be documented, tracked, and
  verified throughout the life cycle of the system.

7
Barriers to REQM

• Requirements constantly change.
• Requirements are changed without appropriate
  coordination approval.
• Customers do not always recognize the need to
  document the requirements.
• Responsibility for Requirements Management is not
  clearly established.

8
Where Does REQM Stand?
9
Why Is REQM Important?

• Requirements management processes manage the
  requirements of a project to ensure that
• The correct requirements are identified and the
  inconsistencies between the requirements and the
  project plans and work product are resolved.
• Bidirectional traceability between the
  requirements and the product/product component
  are maintained.
• Any changes to the requirements are documented
  and the impact to the project are assessed.

10
What Are the Benefits of REQM?

• Agreement reached from requirements provider and
  receiver to ensure that the correct requirements
  are incorporated into the project plan.
• Requirement changes are effectively managed thru
  defined process. Traceability maintained between
  the requirements and the product facilitate the
  impact evaluation of changes as well as the
  verification of work-product.
• Requirements baseline are established as the
  basis for further product component requirements
  development.

11
SG 1 ????

• ????,???????????????????
• ????????,???????????????????
• ??????????
• ???????????????????
• ???????????????????
• ???????

12
SG 1 ???? (2)

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 1.1 ????
• SP 1.2 ??????
• SP 1.3 ??????
• SP 1.4 ??????????
• SP 1.5 ?????????????

13
REQM Context
14
SP 1.1 ????

• ????
• ???????????????

15
SP 1.1 ???? (2)

• ???????
• 1. ??????????????
• 2. ?????????
• 3. ??????????
• 4. ??????
• ??????
• 1. ?????????????????
• 2. ????????????
• 3. ????,????????????????
• 4. ????????????,????????????

16
SP 1.1 ???? (3)

• ??????,????
• ??????????
• ????
• ????????
• ???????
• ????????
• ?????(???)
• ?????

17
SP 1.1 ???? (4)

• ??????
• ???????????????,?????????,????????????????????????
  ???,????????

18
SP 1.2 ??????

• ??????
• ????????????

19
SP 1.2 ?????? (2)

• ???????
• 1. ??????
• 2. ????????????
• ??????
• 1. ????????????????????????,????????????
• 2. ?????????????????????????,????????,?????

20
SP 1.3 ??????

• ??????
• ???????????????,???????

21
SP 1.3 ?????? (2)

• ???????
• 1. ?????
• 2. ?????
• 3. ???????
• ??????
• 1. ????????????,?????????????????
• 2. ????????,???????????????????,?????????????
• 3. ??????????,??????????
• 4. ???????????????

22
SP 1.4 ??????????

• ??????????
• ?????????????????????

23
SP 1.4 ?????????? (2)

• ???????
• 1. ?????
• 2. ??????
• ??????
• 1. ???????,????????(???)??????
• 2. ???????,????????,?????????????????????????
• 3. ???????,????????,?????????
• 4. ??????? (Traceability Matrix)?

24
???

• Horizontal traceability
• functions to functions and across interfaces.
• Vertical (bidirectional) traceability
• life cycle phases design, software modules,
  testing,

25
?????Requirements vs. Requirements
26
????? (2)Requirements vs. Components
27
SP 1.5 ?????????????

• ?????????????
• ??????????????????(inconsistencies)

28
SP 1.5 ????????????? (2)

• ???????
• 1. ????,????????????
• 2. ????(corrective actions)
• ??????
• 1. ??????????????,?????????????
• 2. ???????????
• 3. ?????????,?????????????????
• 4. ???????

29
????????

• RD (Requirements Development)
• transforming stakeholder needs into product
  requirements
• TS (Technical Solution)
• the requirements processes are used, development
  of alternative solutions . Transforming
  requirements into technical solutions
• PP (Project Planning)
• How project planning reflect requirements and
  revise change as requirements change
• PMC (Project Monitoring and Control)
• Tracking and controlling project activities
  related to requirements and taking appropriate
  corrective actions
• RM (Risk Management)
• identifying and handling risks associated with
  requirements.
• CM (Configuration Management)
• baselines and controlling changes to
  configuration documention for requirements.

30
?????????????
RD Requirements Development TS Technical
Solution PI Product Integration Ver
Verification Val Validation
31
Importance

• There is a stable environment for managing the
  project.
• Inconsistencies between those requirements and
  the projects plans and work products are
  identified and resolved.
• Building to the correct requirements.
• You can assess which requirements and product
  components are affected by a proposed change.
• Unnecessary rework are eliminated.
• Traceability evaluating impact of change, in
  work product verification, , keep requirements
  and project work in synchronization.

32
REQM in Project
33
GG 2 ????????

• ?????????????
• ????????????,GG2????,????????????

34
GG 2 ???????? (2)

• ??????(generic practice, GP)
• GP 2.1 (CO 1) ??????
• GP 2.2 (AB 1) ????
• GP 2.3 (AB 2) ????
• GP 2.4 (AB 3) ????
• GP 2.5 (AB 4) ????
• GP 2.6 (DI 1) ????
• GP 2.7 (DI 2) ????????????
• GP 2.8 (DI 3) ????
• GP 2.9 (VE 1) ????????
• GP 2.10 (VE 2) ????????????

35
GP 2.1 ??????

• ?????????,?????????????
• ???????????????????,?????????????????????

36
GP 2.2 ????

• ?????????????????
• ????????????????????,?????????????????

37
GP 2.3 ????

• ???????,????????????????????????
• ???????????(??),????
• ??????
• ????

38
GP 2.4 ????

• ??????????????,????????????????????

39
GP 2.5 ????

• ???????,?????????????
• ?????,????
• ?????????
• ?????????????
• ??????
• ????
• ???????

40
GP 2.6 ????

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• ???????????,????
• ??
• ?????

41
GP 2.7 ????????????

• ??????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????,?????????????????????????

42
GP 2.7 ????????????(2)

• ?????????,????
• ?????????
• ?????????
• ???????
• ??????????????????

43
GP 2.8 ????

• ?????????,????????,???????????
• ???????,????
• ?????(?????????)

44
GP 2.9 ????????

• ?????????????,???????????????,?????????
• ?????,????
• ????
• ??????????????????

45
GP 2.9???????? (2)

• ???????,????
• ??
• ?????

46
GP 2.10 ????????????

• ????????????????????????,??????
• ?????????????,???????????,?????????????

47
GG 3 ????????

• ?????????????
• ????????????,GG3?????,????????????,???????????????
  ?,GG3?????

48
GG 3 ???????? (2)

• ??????(generic practice, GP)
• GP 3.1 ???????
• GP 3.2 ??????

49
GP 3.1 ???????

• ???????????????????

50
GP 3.2 ??????

• ???????????????????????????????????,??????????????
  ???????

51
????Project Plan
52
????(PP)

• ??
• ???????,???????????????????

53
SG 1 ?????

• ??????
• SP 1.1 ??????
• ??????????(WBS),????????
• SP 1.2 ?????????????????
• ????????????????????
• SP 1.3 ????????
• ??????????,????????????
• SP 1.4 ????????????
• ??????,??????????????????????

54
SP 1.1 ??????

• ???????
• 1. ??????
• 2. ?????
• 3. ?????
• ??????
• 1. ????????,????????
• 2. ?????,?????????????????????????
• 3. ?????????????(????????)?
• 4. ????????????

55
SP 1.1 ?????? (2)

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• ?????????????
• ??????,??????????
• ??????????????
• ????????????,????????????????
• ??????????????

56
SP 1.2 ?????????????????

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• 1. ????
• 2. ??????????????????
• 3. ????
• 4. ?????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????
• 2. ????????????????????,????????
• 3. ???????????????
• 4. ?????????????????????

57
SP 1.2 ????????????????? (2)

• ?????????????,????
• ?? ????????????
• ?? ??
• ?? ???????
• ?????????,????
• ?? ???
• ?? ???(Function points)
• ?? ?????(SLOC)
• ?? ??(Class)???(Object)??
• ?? ???
• ?? ???
• ?? ????
• ?? ??????
• ?? ????????
• ?? ????

58
SP 1.3 ????????

• ???????
• ????????

59
SP 1.4 ????????????

• ???????
• 1. ????
• 2. ????????
• 3. ???????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????,????????????????,?????????????
• 2. ?????????,???????????????
• 3. ??????(?)????,???????????

60
SP 1.4 ???????????? (2)

• ?????????????,????
• ??(?)????????(??Delphi ???)
• ????,?????????????
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• ????
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• ?????????????
• ???????????????????
• ??????????
• ????(?????????????)
• ??????
• ????
• ??
• ????????????????????????????

61
SG 2 ??????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 2.1 ???????
• ????????????
• SP 2.2 ??????
• ?????????
• SP 2.3 ??????
• ?????????
• SP 2.4 ??????
• ?????????????
• SP 2.5 ?????????
• ??????????????
• SP 2.6 ?????????
• ?????????????
• SP 2.7 ??????
• ??????????????

62
SP 2.1 ???????

• ???????
• 1. ?????
• 2. ??????
• 3. ????
• ??????
• 1. ?????????
• 2. ????????????
• 3. ???????
• 4. ????????????
• 5. ????????
• 6. ?????????

63
SP 2.1 ??????? (2)

• ????????????????????
• ???????????????????
• ???????????
• ?????????
• ????????????(??????)
• ?????????????????????
• ????????????
• ???????????
• ????????????
• ???????????????,???????????
• ?????????????
• ?????????
• ??????????

64
SP 2.2 ??????

• ???????
• 1. ????????
• 2. ????????????
• 3. ???????
• ??????
• 1. ?????
• 2. ?????
• 3. ???????????????????????,???????
• 4. ????????

65
SP 2.2 ?????? (2)

• ?????????,????
• ????
• ????
• ???
• ?????
• ????
• ????
• ????
• ????
• ??????

66
SP 2.3 ??????

• ???????
• 1. ??????
• 2. ??????
• 3. ?????????
• 4. ???????????????
• 5. ????
• 6. ????
• 7. ????
• 8. ????????????
• 9. ?????????
• 10. ??????????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????????????
• 2. ???????????????????
• 3. ?????????????????

67
SP 2.4 ??????

• ???????
• 1. WBS ???
• 2. WBS ??????
• 3. ???????????????
• 4. ????/???
• 5. ??/??????????
• 6. ?????????
• ??????
• 1. ???????
• 2. ???????
• 3. ?????????????

68
SP 2.5 ?????????

• ???????
• 1. ?????????
• 2. ?????????
• 3. ???(???????)
• ??????
• 1. ???????????????
• 2. ???????????
• 3. ???????????????
• 4. ?????????????

69
SP 2.6 ?????????

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• ????????
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• ????????
• ?????????
• ??????????????????????
• ????????
• ???????????????????????
• ?????(?????????????),??? ???????
• ????????????

70
SP 2.7 ??????

• ???????
• ??????

71
SG 3 ????????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 3.1 ???????????
• ???????????,???????
• SP 3.2 ?????????
• ??????,?????????????
• SP 3.3 ??????
• ?????????????????????

72
SP 3.1 ???????????

• ???????
• ???????????

73
SP 3.2 ?????????

• ???????
• 1. ?????????????? (???????????????)
• 2. ????????
• 3. ??????
• 4. ???????
• 5. ???????????

74
SP 3.3 ??????

• ???????
• 1. ??????
• 2. ????
• ??????
• 1. ??????,?????????????
• 2. ?????????,?????????,??????????????
• 3. ??????????????????
• 4. ??????????????????
• 5. ???????????????????????,?????

75
????Project Monitor and Control
76
????(PMC)

• ??
• ???????,????????,??????????????????,???????????

77
SG 1 ???????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 1.1 ???????????
• SP 1.2 ??????
• SP 1.3 ??????
• SP 1.4 ??????
• SP 1.5 ?????????
• SP 1.6 ??????
• SP 1.7 ???????

78
SP 1.1 ???????????

• ???????????
• ?????????????????

79
SP 1.1 ??????????? (2)

• ???????
• 1. ????????
• 2. ??????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????
• 2. ?????????????
• 3. ???????????????
• 4. ???????????
• 5. ?????????????
• 6. ??????????????

80
SP 1.1 ??????????? (3)

• ????????
• ????????????????
• ?????????????,????????????????
• ??????????,???????
• ??????????,????
• ???????????????????
• ???????????????????,???????????????????
• ???????????????

81
SP 1.1 ??????????? (4)

• ??????????????,????
• ??????????????????,??????????(??????)
• ???????????????(??????),????????????????
• ????????????????
• ??????
• ????
• ????????????????????????
• ??
• ????
• ????
• ??

82
SP 1.2 ??????

• ??????
• ?????????????

83
SP 1.2 ?????? (2)

• ???????
• ??????
• ??????
• 1. ??????(????????)?
• 2. ????????????????????
• 3. ??????????

84
SP 1.3 ??????

• ??????
• ?????????????

85
SP 1.3 ?????? (2)

• ???????
• ????????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????,????????????
• 2. ???????,????????????
• 3. ???????????????
• ????,????
• ?????????
• ?????????

86
SP 1.4 ??????

• ??????
• ??????????????

87
SP 1.4 ?????? (2)

• ???????
• ??????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????,??????????
• 2. ??????????????
• 3. ??????????????

88
SP 1.5 ?????????

• ?????????
• ??????????????

89
SP 1.5 ????????? (2)

• ???????
• ?????????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????????
• 2. ??????????????
• 3. ????????????????

90
SP 1.6 ??????

• ??????
• ?????????????????

91
SP 1.6 ?????? (2)

• ???????
• ????????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????,?????????????????
• 2. ????????????,??????
• 3. ??????????????????
• 4. ????????????????????
• 5. ????????
• 6. ????????????????

92
SP 1.7 ???????

• ???????
• ??????,??????????????

93
SP 1.7 ??????? (2)

• ???????
• ?????????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????(??????),?????????????
• 2. ?????????????????
• 3. ??????????????
• 4. ????????????????
• 5. ???????????

94
SG 2 ??????????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 2.1 ????
• ???????,?????????????????
• SP 2.2 ??????
• ??????,??????
• SP 2.3 ??????
• ??????????

95
SP 2.1 ????

• ???????
• ?????????????
• ??????
• 1. ????,???????
• 2. ????,??????????????

96
SP 2.1 ???? (2)

• ?????,????
• ???????????????
• ????????,???????????
• ???????(?????????)
• ?????????
• ????????????????
• ??????????????

97
SP 2.2 ??????

• ???????
• ??????
• ??????
• 1. ?????????????,??????????
• 2. ????????,??????????,??????
• 3. ?????????????

98
SP 2.2 ?????? (2)

• ?????,????
• ???????
• ????
• ????????
• ???????
• ????
• ????
• ??????

99
SP 2.3 ??????

• ???????
• ??????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????
• 2. ?????????,????????????
• 3. ?????????,????????????????

100
???????Supplier Agreement Management
101
???????(SAM)

• ??
• ??????????,????????????????????????????

102
SG 1 ???????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 1.1 ??????
• ????????????????????
• SP 1.2 ?????
• ??????????????????????,?????
• SP 1.3 ???????
• ???????????????

103
SP 1.1 ??????

• ???????
• ??????????????
• ????,????
• ?????
• ???????????
• ????????
• ?????????,?????????????????????????????????

104
SP 1.2 ?????

• ???????
• 1. ????????
• 2. ??????????
• 3. ????????
• 4. ???????????
• 5. ????
• 6. ???????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????????????
• 2. ????????,???????????
• 3. ??????,????????
• 4. ??????????????
• 5. ???????????????
• 6. ??????

105
SP 1.2 ????? (2)

• ?????????????????,????
• ?????????
• ???????????
• ??????????
• ????????
• ??????????
• ?????????
• ?????????????????

106
SP 1.3 ???????

• ???????
• 1. ?????
• 2. ??
• 3. ?????
• 4. ?????
• ??????
• 1. ???,???????????,???????????????
• 2. ???????????????
• 3. ????????
• 4. ??????,????????????????????????
• 5. ???,????????
• 6. ???,???????????,???????????

107
SP 1.3 ??????? (2)

• ????????
• ?????
• ??
• ???????
• ????
• ???
• ??
• ????????

108
SG 2 ???????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 2.1 ?????
• ????????,????????????????????
• SP 2.2 ???????
• ?????????????????????
• SP 2.3 ???????
• ?????????,???????????
• SP 2.4 ????
• ??????????????

109
SP 2.1 ?????

• ???????
• 1. ??????
• 2. ???
• 3. ????
• 4. ???????
• 5. ????????
• ??????
• 1. ?????????????
• 2. ??????????,?????????
• 3. ????????,??????????????
• 4. ??????????????
• 5. ??????????????????
• 6. ??????????
• 7. ?????????

110
SP 2.1 ????? (2)

• ??????????,????
• ???????
• ??/??????????????,??????????????????
• ???????
• ????,??????????
• ?????????
• ????,???????????????

111
SP 2.2 ???????

• ???????
• 1. ??????????????
• 2. ??????????
• 3. ??????????
• 4. ??????????????
• ??????
• 1. ?????????????,??????????,??????????????????
• 2. ????????,???,???????
• 3. ???????????,????????
• 4. ???????????,??????????
• 5. ???????????,???????????
• 6. ?????,????????,??????????????????
• 7. ???????????,??????????
• 8. ???,?????????????????

112
SP 2.2 ??????? (2)

• ????????
• ???????????????????????????
• ??????????,????????????????????????
• ??????????,??????????????
• ????????????
• ???????????????
• ????????
• ??????????
• ?????????????
• ????????

113
SP 2.3 ???????

• ???????
• 1. ??????
• 2. ??????
• 3. ?????????
• ??????
• 1. ???????
• 2. ????????,???????????????,?????????
• 3. ????????,??????
• 4. ????????,???????????
• 5. ?????????????
• 6. ???????????????,??????,??????????
• 7. ???????????????????

114
SP 2.4 ????

• ???????
• 1. ????
• 2. ????
• 3. ???????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????????????????????
• 2. ????????????????????????????????
• 3. ????????????????????,???????????/??????????????
  ?

115
?????Measurement and Analysis
116
?????(MA)

• ??
• ????????,???????????,???????????

117
SG 1 ??????????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 1.1 ??????
• ?????????,???????????????????
• SP 1.2 ????
• ????????????
• SP 1.3 ???????????
• ?????????????
• SP 1.4 ??????
• ?????????????

118
SP 1.1 ??????

• ???????
• ????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????
• 2. ???????????????
• 3. ?????????????
• 4. ???????,??????????????
• 4. ???????,??????????????
• 5. ????????????????????????

119
SP 1.2 ????

• ???????
• ?????????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????,????????
• 2. ???????????????????
• 3. ??????????
• 4. ?????,?????????

120
SP 1.2 ???? (?)

• ?????????,????
• ????????????????(????)
• ?????????????(????)
• ????(?????????????????)
• ?????????,????
• ????(Earned Value)
• ??????(SPI)
• ????
• ???????
• ????????
• ?????(????????)
• ????(?????????????/????)

121
SP 1.3 ???????????

• ???????
• 1. ?????????
• 2. ??????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????????????????
• 2. ????????,???????
• 3. ?????????,?????????????
• 4. ???????????????
• 5. ??????,??????????
• 6. ??????????????,?????????
• 7. ?????????????

122
SP 1.4 ??????

• ???????
• 1. ???????
• 2. ??????
• ??????
• 1. ????????????????,????????
• 2. ???????????????
• 3. ?????????????????
• 4. ?????????????????
• 5. ???,??????????
• 6. ???????????????????????

123
SG 2 ??????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 2.1 ??????
• ?????????
• SP 2.2 ??????
• ?????????
• SP 2.3 ???????
• ???????????????????
• SP 2.4 ????
• ??????????????????????

124
SP 2.1 ??????

• ???????
• 1. ???????????????
• 2. ??????????
• ??????
• 1. ?????????
• 2. ?????????
• 3. ???????,????????????

125
SP 2.2 ??????

• ???????
• ?????????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????,????????
• 2. ???,??????????,????????
• 3. ?????????????????
• 4. ???????????

126
SP 2.3 ???????

• ???????
• ??????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????????????????
• 2. ?????????????????????
• 3. ?????????

127
SP 2.3 ??????? (2)

• ??????????????????
• ?????????????????????
• ?????????,????
• ??????
• ?????????????????,????????
• ?????????????????
• ?????????????

128
SP 2.4 ????

• ???????
• 1. ?????????????
• 2. ?????????????????
• ??????
• 1. ????????????????
• 2. ??????????????

129
?????????Process and Product Quality Assurance
130
?????????(PPQA)

• ??
• ????????????,?????????????????????????

131
SG 1 ???????????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 1.1 ??????
• ???????????????,????????????
• SP 1.2 ???????????
• ??????????????,??????????????

132
SP 1.1 ??????

• ???????
• 1. ????
• 2. ?????
• 3. ????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????????????(???????????????)?
• 2. ???????????????
• 3. ??????????????,?????????????????
• 4. ?????????????????
• 5. ????????????????????

133
SP 1.1 ?????? (2)

• ???????,?????????????,??
• ????????
• ??????????
• ??????
• ?????????

134
SP 1.2 ???????????

• ???????
• 1. ????
• 2. ?????
• 3. ????
• ??????
• 1. ?????????,??????????,???????????
• 2. ????????????,?????????
• 3. ?????????????
• 4. ??????????,???????
• 5. ?????????????,???????
• 6. ????????????,?????????????????????
• 7. ?????????????????
• 8. ????????????????????

135
SG 2 ????????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 2.1 ????????????
• ??????,??????????????????
• SP 2.2 ????
• ??????????????

136
SP 2.1 ????????????

• ???????
• 1. ??????
• 2. ????
• 3. ????
• ??????
• 1. ?????????????????????
• 2. ???????????????,??????
• 3. ??????????????,??????????,???????????
• 4. ???????,???????????????????
• 5. ???????????????????????
• 6. ???????????????????????,???????????
• 7. ??????????????

137
SP 2.2 ????

• ???????
• 1. ????
• 2. ??????
• 3. ?????????
• 4. ??????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????????,?????????
• 2. ??????????????????

138
????Configuration Management
139
????(CM)

• ??
• ???????,?????????????????????????,????????????????
  ?

140
SG 1 ????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 1.1 ??????
• ?????????????????????????
• SP 1.2 ????????
• ???????????????????,????????
• SP 1.3 ???????
• ???????????????????

141
SP 1.1 ??????

• ???????
• ????????
• ??????
• 1. ????????,???????????????????
• 2. ???????????????
• 3. ??????????????
• 4. ???????????????????
• 5. ?????????????

142
SP 1.1 ?????? (2)

• ???????????,?????????,????
• ?????(?)???????????
• ?????????????,?????????????????
• ???????????,?????,???
• ?????????
• ?????????????
• ????????????,????
• ????
• ??
• ??
• ???????
• ????
• ????

143
SP 1.1 ?????? (2)

• ????????????????,????
• ???????????
• ????????????????
• ???????????????
• ????????
• ????

144
SP 1.2 ????????

• ???????
• 1. ??????,??????????
• 2. ?????????????
• 3. ???????
• ??????
• 1. ??????,????????????
• 2. ????????,???????
• 3. ?????????????????,??????????
• 4. ??????????????????
• 5. ???????????????
• 6. ????????,?????????
• 7. ????????????
• 8. ???,?????????

145
SP 1.2 ???????? (2)

• ???????????,????
• ????????????,??????????????????????????
• ???????,?????????(????????,???????????)?
• ???????????????????,?????????
• ???????????
• ??(????)???,?????????????????????????,????????????
  ?????????,?????????
• ??(????)???,?????????????????????????,????????????
  ?????
• ?????,???????????????????????????????????????

146
SP 1.3 ???????

• ???????
• 1. ??
• 2. ????
• ??????
• 1. ???????????????,?????????????
• 2. ???????????????,????????????
• 3. ????????????
• 4. ????????,???????

147
SG 2 ???????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 2.1 ??????
• ???????????
• SP 2.2 ??????
• ?????????

148
SP 2.1 ??????

• ???????
• ????
• ??????
• 1. ??????,????????????
• 2. ???????????????????
• 3. ????????????????????????,?????????
• 4. ??????????????

149
SP 2.2 ??????

• ???????
• 1. ???????????
• 2. ??????(archives)
• ??????
• 1. ???????,??????????
• 2. ????????,???????????,?????????
• 3. ?????????,?????????????????,???????????????????
  ??
• 4. ????,????????????????????
• 5. ??????????????????

150
SG 3 ?????

• ??????(specific practice, SP)
• SP 3.1 ????????
• ??????????????
• SP 3.2 ??????
• ?????????????????

151
SP 3.1 ????????

• ???????
• 1. ???????????
• 2. ???????
• 3. ???????
• 4. ???????
• 5. ????????
• ??????
• 1. ??????????,?????????????????,??????????????
• 2. ?????????,????????????????
• 3. ??????????
• 4. ????????????????
• 5. ?????????????
• 6. ?????????????????(????????)?

152
SP 3.2 ??????

• ???????
• 1. ??????
• 2. ????
• ??????
• 1. ?????????
• 2. ???????????????????
• 3. ?????????,????????????
• 4. ?????????,?????????????
• 5. ?????????????????
• 6. ??????????????

153
QA