Covalent Bonds Notes

1
Covalent Bonds Notes
2
Single Bonds

• A bond in which two or more atoms share a pair of
  electrons
• H H ? H-H
• Each hydrogen now achieves the electron
  configuration of the noble gas Helium.
• The dash represents a pair of electrons that are
  being shared
• Dashes are NOT used for ionic bonds!

3

• Covalent bonding occurs between nonmetals. If it
  is a metal and a non-metal then it will be an
  ionic bond.
• F F ? F-F
• Each Fluorine atom shares one electron
• The electrons around the fluorine atoms are
  considered to be lone pairs or non-bonding pairs

4

• What would the structural diagram of water look
  like?
• H H O ? H-O-H

5

• What happens when you form CH4 (methane)?

6
Double and Triple Bonds

• Double bonds atoms share 4 electrons
• Triple bonds atoms share 6 electrons

7

• Carbon dioxide
• Nitrogen

8
Coordinate Covalent Bonds

• A covalent bond in which one atom contributes
  both bonding electrons to form the bond.
• All polyatomic ions are Coordinate covalent bonds.

9
Resonance

• Structures that occur when it is possible to
  write more than one electron dot formula that
  have the same number of electron pairs.
• When electrons are all paired it is called
  diamagnetism.
• When electrons are NOT all paired, it is called
  paramagnetic.