Herod the Great

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Herod the Great
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Herod

• http//www.bible-history.com/herod_the_great/
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vB73QmrLwLZw
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vta0LeOqtCOEfeature
  PlayListp56135C212B5479D5index0playnext1

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Herod the Great

• Ruled 37BCE 4 BCE
• He was a despot and a murderer, but he built nice
  buildings
• 31BCE Earthquake in Palestine kills 30,000.
  Massive relief effort.
• Had ten wives. He executed Mariamme and three
  sons.
• Hated by Pharisees and Sadducees
• Begins Temple rebuilding in 20BCE

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Israel under Herod the Great
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Herods Buildings
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Fortresses Masada
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Caesarea City on the Water
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Fortress Herodium
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Ehud Netzer
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Herod the Great Executioner

• 36BCE appointed Aristobulus III, his
  brother-in-law as high priest. Herod has him
  drowned soon after his inauguration.
• 30BCE puts Hyrcanus II to death for plotting with
  the enemy.
• 29BCE Puts his wife Mariamne on trial for
  adultery and executes her.
• 28BCE Kills Alexandra his mother-in-law without
  trial.
• 7BCE Accuses two sons by Mariamne of treason and
  executes them.
• 4BCE Accuses his son Antipater III of plotting
  against his life and executes him.
• 4BCE Has Judas and Matthias and their pupils
  burned alive after they took down the golden
  eagle Herod placed at the entrance to the Temple.

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Kiddushin 70b

• Whoever says "I am descended from the house of
  the Hasmoneans is a slave.

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Bavli Taanit 23a

• Likewise we find happened in the days of Herod
  when the people were occupied with the rebuilding
  of the Temple. At that time rain fell during
  the night but in the morning the wind blew and
  the clouds dispersed and the sun shone so that
  the people were able to go out to their work, and
  then they knew that they were engaged in sacred
  work.

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Baba Batra 3b

• It used to be said He who has not seen the
  Temple of Herod has never seen a beautiful
  building. Of what did he build it? Rabbah said
  Of yellow and white marble. Some say, of blue,
  yellow and white marble. Alternate rows of the
  stones projected, so as to leave a place for
  cement. He originally intended to cover it with
  gold, but the Rabbis advised him not to, since it
  was more beautiful as it was, looking like the
  waves of the sea.

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Baba Batra 3b

• Herod was the slave of the Hasmonean house, and
  had set his eyes on a certain maiden of that
  house. One day he heard a Bath Kol say, Every
  slave that rebels now will succeed. So he rose
  and killed all the members of his master's
  household, but spared that maiden. When she saw
  that he wanted to marry her, she went up on to a
  roof and cried out, Whoever comes and says, I am
  from the Hasmonean house, is a slave, since I
  alone am left of it, and I am throwing myself
  down from this roof. He preserved her body in
  honey for seven years. Some say that he had
  intercourse with her, others that he did not.
  According to those who say that he had
  intercourse with her, his reason for embalming
  her was to gratify his desires. According to
  those who say that he did not have intercourse
  with her, his reason was that people might say
  that he had married a king's daughter.

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Herodian Dynasty
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Herodian Dynasty

• Herod Archelaus, son of Herod and Malthace the
  Samaritan, was given the main part of the
  kingdom, Judea, Edom and Samaria. He ruled for
  ten years until 6 CE when he was banished. Killed
  3,000 seditious Pharisees.
• Herod Philip I, son of Herod and his fifth wife
  Cleopatra of Jerusalem, was given jurisdiction
  over the northeast part of his father's kingdom
  he ruled there until his death in 34.
• Herod Antipas, another son of Herod and Malthace,
  was made ruler of the Galilee and Perea he ruled
  there until he was exiled to Spain by emperor
  Caligula in 39.
• Agrippa I was the grandson of Herod thanks to
  his friendship with emperor Caligula he was
  appointed by him as ruler of the territories of
  Herod Philip after his death in 34, and in 39 he
  was given the territories of Herod Antipas. In 41
  emperor Claudius added to his territory the parts
  of Iudea province that previously belonged to
  Herod Archelaus. Thus Agrippa re-united his
  grandfather's kingdom under his rule. He died in
  44.
• His son Agrippa II was appointed King and ruler
  of the northern parts of his father's kingdom. He
  was the last of the Herodians, and with his death
  in 92 the dynasty was extinct.

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Philo of Alexandria

• 20BC-50CE
• Philosopher
• Biblical Commentator
• Politician