Cell Reproduction Part 1

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Cell Reproduction Part 1
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Show and Quiz Extravaganza!
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Cells Multiply By Dividing!
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Cells must divide for...

• Growth
• Repair
• Reproduction

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The Star of Our Show
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• Prior to division, chromosomes are duplicated.
• A single stranded chromosome becomes a double
  stranded chromosome.
• The two strands are IDENTICAL

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• The identical strands are called sister
  chromatids.
• They are held together by a centromere.

centromere
chromatids
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The Cell Cycle
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The Cell Cycle

• The life of a eukaryotic cell is traditionally
  shown as a cycle.

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Cell Cycle Summary

• G1 Cell growth phase
• S New DNA is synthesized
• G2 Preparation for cell division
• M C - Cell division

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Cell Division Includes
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Mitosis

• Division of the nucleus to form two new nuclei
  with the same number and type of chromosomes as
  the parent cell.

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Cytokinesis

• The division of the cytoplasm to form two new
  cells.

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Before Mitosis

• Interphase is the period between cell division.
  (G1, S G2)
• Cell growth.
• Chromosomes duplicate.
• Synthesis of organelles and materials needed for
  cell division.

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Now its Mitosis Time!

• Cells spend 90 of their lives during Interphase.
  So, once we get to Mitosis its GO time!

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Prophase

• Chromatin condenses into chromosomes.
• The nuclear membrane disappears.

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Metaphase

• Chromosomes line up across the equator, or
  center, of the cell.

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Anaphase

• Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of
  the cell away from each other.

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Telophase

• New nuclear membranes appear.
• Cytokinesis begins.
• Chromosomes uncoil.

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After Mitosis

• Cells undergo Cytokinesis
• The cytoplasm of the cell is divided in half
• The cell membrane grows to enclose each cell
• Results in TWO genetically IDENTICAL cells

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Animal Cell Cytokinesis

• The cell membrane is pinched in half by a belt of
  protein threads

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Plant Cell Cytokinesis

• A cell plate forms in the center of the dividing
  cell then fuses to make a new cell wall.

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Mitosis Quiz Fun!
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1. Name That Phase!
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2. Name That Phase!
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3. Name That Phase!
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4. Name That Phase!
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LABEL THIS!
5. What is A?
A
6. What is B?
B
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Question 7

• A human cell contains 46 chromosomes.
• How many chromosomes will each of its daughter
  cells have following mitosis?

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Question 8

• __________ is the division of the nucleus to form
  two new nuclei with the same number and type of
  chromosomes as the parent cell.

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Question 9

• __________ is the division of the cytoplasm to
  form two new cells.

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Question 10

• Chromosomes must ____________ prior to mitosis.
• A. split in half
• B. duplicate
• C. dance around
• D. pass the AIMS test

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1. Name That Phase!
PROPHASE
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2. Name That Phase!
TELOPHASE
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3. Name That Phase!
METAPHASE
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4. Name That Phase!
ANAPHASE
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LABEL THIS!
5. What is A?
A
CENTROMERE
6. What is B?
SISTER CHROMATIDS
B
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Question 7

• A human cell contains 46 chromosomes.
• How many chromosomes will each of its daughter
  cells have following mitosis?

ANSWER 46
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Question 8

• __________ is the division of the nucleus to form
  two new nuclei with the same number and type of
  chromosomes as the parent cell.

MITOSIS
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Question 9

• __________ is the division of the cytoplasm to
  form two new cells.

CYTOKINESIS
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Question 10

• Chromosomes must ____________ prior to mitosis.
• A. split in half
• B. duplicate
• C. dance around
• D. pass the AIMS test

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B