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The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012 was awarded
jointly to Serge Haroche and David J.
Wineland "for ground-breaking experimental
methods that enable measuring and manipulation of
individual quantum systems"
G. Feve et al., Science 316, 1169 (2007) 
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Y. Wu et al., Nature 472, 74 (2011) 
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http\\www.lasercomponents.com\
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REVIEWS Quantum computers T. D. Ladd, F. Jelezko,
R. Laflamme, Y. Nakamura, C. Monroe J. L.
OBrien, Nature 464, 45 (2010)
G. Cheng et al., Nature Nano. 6, 343 (2011)
3
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E. Ilichev et. al, Institute of Photonic
Technology
material Aluminum, shadow-evaporation
technique, two junctions 600x200nm IC ? 600
nA, the third one is smaller aEJ1 /EJ2,3
0.8 0.9, inductance L ? 20-40 pH.
????? ????????? ??????? ?????? - ???????? ????
????????? ???????
J.E. Mooij et al., Science 285, 1036, 1999
SQUID junction
Qubit junctions
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• M. Sillanpa et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 187002
  (2006).
• D.Berns et al., Nature, 455, 51 (2008).
• M.S. Rudner, A.V. Shytov, L.S. Levitov, Phys.
  Rev. Lett. 101, 190502 (2008).

• J. Bylander et al.., Phys. Rev. B 80, 220506
  (R) (2009).

6
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S. Gustavsson, J. Bylander, W.D. Oliver, ArXiv
1204.6428v1 (2012)
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GHz, A 14.93 GHz, ? 0.5, ? p/2
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J. H. Shirley, Phys. Rev. 138, B979 (1965). ?.?.
????????? ???, 110, 139 (1973).
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???????? ?? ????????? e0
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5 GHz
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e0 2 GHz
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????????? ???????? ???? ? ? ????????????
????????? e0 . ????????? ??????? ?0.5 GHz, ?
0.16 GHz

• A.M. Satanin, M.V. Denisenko, S. Ashhab, and F.
  Nori, Phys. Rev. B. 85, 184524 (2012)
• ?.?. ?????????, ?.?. ???????, ???????? ???. ?????
  ?????????? 75 (5), 700 (2011)
• ?.?. ?????????, ?.?. ???????, S. Ashhab, F.
  Nori, ??? 52 (11), 2138 (2010)

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M. B. Plenio, P.L. Knight, Rev. Mod. Phys. 70,
101 (1998)
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17
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?????? Flagman QD820 (8 ??????????? AMD Opteron
SixCore, 16 ? DIMM 4096Mb DDR-II, 4 ? HDD 300Gb
SerialATA 10000rpm) ??????????? AMD Opteron
SixCore, 16 ? DIMM 4096Mb DDR-II, 4 ? HDD 300Gb
SerialATA 10000rpm) 2 ??????? Flagman WX240T.2
(2 ?????????? Intel Xeon X5550, 12 ? DIMM
2048Mb DDR-III, 4 ??????????? nVidia Tesla
C1060 4096Mb DDR-III) 6 ??????? Flagman WP120N.2
(????????? Intel Core i7 I7-950, 6 ? 2048Mb
DDR-III, 2 ??????????? nVidia Tesla C1060
4096Mb DDR-III).
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???????????? ???????????? J. Bylander et al.
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J. Bylander et al.., Phys. Rev. B 80, 220506
(R) (2009).
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??????? ???? 5(2), 48 (2010)
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