Unequal Heating of the Earth

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• Unequal Heating of the Earth

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Heating the Earth

• The sun heats air, land water BUT air, water,
  and land get heated differently.
• The sun heats all areas of the Earth BUT
  different areas of the world get heated
  differently

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The Sun

• The most important source of energy for the Earth

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So whose getting the most Sun?

• Areas around the equator get more sun than areas
  near the North and South Pole
• Small degrees of latitude (0 30 degrees) get
  more sun

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3 ways that heat can be transferred

• The sun can heat things in 3 different ways.

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Conduction

• Happens when two objects of different
  temperatures are touching each other
• Heat travels from the warmer object to the cooler
  object
• Examples touching a stove and being burned, ice
  cooling down in your hand

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Radiation

• Happens when the heat energy from one object is
  transferred directly to another (not through
  contact, or through a liquid or a gas)
• Examples warmth of the Sun, a campfire, or an
  open oven door, heat from a light bulb

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Convection

• Happens when warmer areas of a liquid or gas rise
  to cooler areas in the liquid or gas and then
  come back down when they get colder.
• Creates a circle, because of density differences
• Example convection currents, water boiling in
  circles in a pot, old heaters

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Inquiry Heat Lab

• Research question If we measure the temperature
  of soil/sand and water when it is heated by
  radiation, which one will absorb and lose heat
  fastest?
• Background Research
• Earth materials the naturally occurring
  materials found on Earth (water, air, soil,
  sand).
• Lab Safety DO NOT TOUCH THE HEAT LAMP!

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Lab Description

• We will place different materials in small cups,
  place a thermometer in them, and use heat lamps
  to represent the suns radiation.
• We will record the temperature every 2 minutes
  for 20 minutes. After 10 minutes we will turn off
  the heat lamps.
• Group members will rotate measuring the
  temperature of each material.
• You will record the temperature on your own data
  collection sheet and share your data with your
  team between the 2 minute intervals.

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Lab Expectations

• We will work in groups of 4-7.
• We will measure temperatures silently and raise
  our hands with any questions.
• We will stay focused only on the lab.
• After data collectedyou will find your number
  match and work together to fill in your other
  table, to graph and to answer post lab sheet.

LAB SAFETY DO NOT TOUCH THE HEAT LAMP!
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Post lab What do you think?!

• What energy source heats things up during the
  day?
• Do you think the surface of Earth affects how hot
  the air gets?

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Heat Capacity

• The amount of heat required to change the
  temperature of the matter.
• Which means How much heat does the object need
  to absorb in order to actually warm upthe LONGER
  the object takes to change temperature the
  GREATER THE HEAT CAPACITY.
• Critical Thinking Which had the greater heat
  capacitysand or water? THINK PAIR SHARE

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Application/ Check for understanding

• Which heats up fastertoast or coffee?
• Which stays hot longertoast or coffee?

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Differential (unequal) heating of land vs. water?

• Land heats up faster than water and cools down
  faster than water
• The air above land is much warmer than the air
  above waterland transfers heat to air faster and
  more frequently (conduction)

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Differential (unequal) heating of land vs. water?

• Water heats up more slowly and cools down more
  slowly
• It has a greater heat capacity

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Wind

• Wind is the horizontal movement of air from an
  area of high pressure to an area of lower
  pressure.
• Wind is caused from the unequal heating of the
  earth
• What causes areas of the earth to be heated more
  or less?
• Suns Energy!

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Which type of heat transfer causes wind?

• Radiation Suns radiation will hit earth at
  different angles (directly/90 degrees or
  indirectly/30 degrees)
• Convection Warm air rises, cold air sinks this
  causes the air to move
• Conduction Land loses and gains heat quickly,
  water loses and gains heat slowly. This affects
  land/sea breezes

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Local winds are winds that travel over short
distances.

• Both sea and land breezes are caused by unequal
  heating of Earths surface.

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In Summary
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Group Work Challenge from Homework
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Global Wind Belts (Part 2)
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GLOBAL WINDS

• Global winds are created by the unequal heating
  of Earths surface.

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GLOBAL WIND BELTS
Global winds are named based off of where they
COME FROM!
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GLOBAL WINDS

• Global winds are an example of CONVECTION because
  heat is circulated around the globe by the
  movement of a fluid (AIR!).

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CORIOLIS EFFECT