Bulgarian history and culture

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Bulgarian history and culture
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Madara Horseman

• Represents a medieval stone relief on the
  northwestern slope of the Madara Plateau, 1.5 km.
  east of the village of Madara (Shoumen region).
  Cut at a height of 23 m. from the base of a
  cliff. In the scale is depicted a horseman
  underway right a jumping dog that follows him,
  and pierced the lion fallen under the front legs
  of the horse.The Composition symbolizes the
  victory over the enemy. The image reminds
  triumphant scenes in relief sculpture of the
  Iranian East and ancient artistic traditions.
  Details determine dating and support the thesis
  of the origin of proto relief. It is assumed that
  depicts Khan Tervel as the winner. Madara
  Horseman is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage.

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Kazanlashka grobnica

• In the corridor are painted battle scenes, the
  camera is a unique scene of the funeral feast,
  and the symbolic transmission of the deceased
  Thracian ruler, accompanied by three racing
  chariots. The frescoes of the main frieze in the
  vault room is entered between two belt with
  ornaments. Displayed a unique scene of
  glorification deceased and his wife, sitting at a
  funeral feast, accompanied by servants,
  musicians, guards and coachmen. Images are an
  important source for the study of life,
  lifestyle, clothing, armor and appearance of the
  Thracians. This is the best preserved in Bulgaria
  monument of Thracian art and one of the few
  remaining today, masterpieces of ancient
  zhivopis.For Kazanlak tomb was constructed
  special protective building with an air
  conditioning, which provides conditions for the
  preservation of the frescoes. Near the original
  was built replica, open for visits.

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Golqmata kosmatka

• Kosmatka mound was discovered by the team of Dr.
  Georgi Kitov a few years ago. There is the first
  tomb, which archaeologists are sure that a
  Thracian ruler - Bronze head open, according to
  them is Seuthes III. The Tomb mound Ostrusha was
  also typical cult temple, which in the IV century
  ruler was buried with his horse. Although it is
  open earlier than Kosmatka, the road to it is
  still in poor condition. It is unique in the
  ceiling with the solar disk in the middle and
  with images of mythological paintings .They
  suggest the Greek influence in the Thracian
  culture. Another became famous hill in the area
  is a saint, which opened the famous gold mask of
  the Thracian king Teres.

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Perperikon

• Perperikon (Perperikon) is a great megalithic
  sanctuary, which forms one of the oldest and most
  historically significant archaeological complexes
  opened in the Bulgarian land. Quantity and type
  of evidence was found proving that this place was
  located in the famous ancient temple of Dionysus.
  Perperikon is where it was believed to have been
  exposed relics of Orpheus, or part thereof. The
  whole archaeological complex Perperikon consists
  of four main parts of the Stone Age.

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Nessebar (old town)

• In 71 BC, Messembria (Nessebar) falls under the
  authority of the Roman Empire, but remained
  relatively independent, such as the right to mint
  its own coins. After the collapse of the Roman
  Empire, Byzantine fortress town of considerable
  importance, while not being conquered by Khan
  Krum in 812 d after 2 weeks of siege. In 1956.
  town was proclaimed an architectural and
  archaeological reserve. The remains of the
  ancient city wall with a gate dating from III-IV
  century, the churches from V-VI century and
  later, from the medieval period (X-XIV century),
  which are fine works of medieval Bulgarian and
  Byzantine architecture and about 60 houses,
  giving a unique appearance and atmosphere of the
  city. The ancient part of Nessebar. Nessebar is a
  cultural monument by the UNESCO World Cultural
  Heritage.

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Tsarevec

• Hill located in Veliko Tarnovo and its castle was
  the main stronghold of the former Bulgarian
  capital. Today there are remnants of the old
  fortress, which have been restored and preserved.
  The old fort was built on the ruins of ancient
  settlements, the first of which was built in the
  4th millennium BC. In the early Middle Ages this
  was the biggest city in the province of Lower
  Moesia. On these ancient ruins was built in IX
  century and the Bulgarian fortress. Today you can
  see the ruins of the citadel of the ancient city,
  which were inhabited by the king's palace throne
  room, the Patriarchate and the Patriarch's
  residence. Because of the greatness and beauty of
  the fort, on its ruins is organized architectural
  museum reserve Tsarevets, where knowledgeable
  guides can you walk and tell you details of the
  great history of the hill and the city.

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Baba Vida

• It is believed that the foundation stone of Baba
  Vida fortress were laid in the late 10th century,
  they lie on one of the towers of the ancient
  Bono, who was the chief Roman observatory. The
  fortress served to protect the local ruler and
  the entire town of Vidin in almost all Ages.
  Finalized construction of the Baba Vida Fortress
  acquired during the 14 century, when major
  reconstruction and reinforcement of the building
  makes Vidin Tzar Ivan Sratsimir (1352 to 1397
  on). He became Baba Vida ruler in his main
  residence. The fortress covers an area of ??9, 5
  acres with a moat. He has two surrounding walls,
  which were located 11 defensive towers (one of
  them is XVIIv.). The castle was build on a few
  occasions when the city was under the management
  of Austrian and Turkish empires and the Bulgarian
  kingdom.

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The Palace in Balchik

• During the Balkan War Romania invaded Bulgaria on
  June 28, 1913 and Dobrudja and Bulgarian army
  occupied territories to the line-Tutrakan
  Balchik. Queen of Romania - Victoria Alexandrina
  Maria de Edinburgh like many conquered Bulgarian
  lands for interesting rocks Balchik, mild climate
  and warm sea water. Along the Romanian
  aristocracy in Balchik buy places many Romanian
  intellectuals, including renowned artist
  Chichiliya Kutsesku Stork. Thus, "Palace" has
  become a significant cultural center in the Black
  Sea. On September 7, 1940 the Bulgarian foreign
  policy managed by contract to return Craiova
  Balchik and all over Southern Dobrudja to
  Bulgaria. Then the palace is well preserved and
  permanently restored, and after 80 years become a
  tourist center.

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Plovdiv Ancient Theatre

• The ancient theater was built the Roman emperor
  Trajan during the II century Teatatat is built in
  a natural saddle between Djambaz Tepe and Taxim
  Tepe and was one of the most important public
  buildings of Trimontium, remarkable for its
  architectural and splendor. Divided into two
  grade for fourteen rows of seats separated by a
  horizontal path (diazoma), the ancient theater
  could accommodate over 5,000 spectators. The
  stage was decorated with friezes, cornices and
  statues. Was discovered during archaeological
  excavations conducted in 1968-79 year from the
  Archaeological Museum - Plovdiv. The amphitheater
  teatron survived 20 of 28 lines. Included within
  the architectural reserve Old Plovdiv, the
  theater entered its ensemble as the most
  emblematic monument of continuous cultural and
  historical continuity, carried out on three hills
  over the centuries.

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Shipka monument

• Shipka during the Russian-Turkish War (1877-1878)
  is playing one of the most decisive battles which
  determined the victorious outcome of the war,
  brought Bulgarian from five centuries of Ottoman
  rule. Together with Russian troops in the
  fighting were involved and 6000 Bulgarians. At
  the very top stands the Monument of Freedom. It
  was built with voluntary contributions of the
  Bulgarian people, designed by architect Atanas
  Donkozh Alexander Andreev and sculpture.
  Inaugurated in 1934 The monument is 31.5 meters
  high, it leads to 894 steps. Above the main
  entrance proudly stands a bronze lion. The other
  3 sides are inscribed the names of Shipka, Stara
  Zagora and Sheinovo - battlefields. On the ground
  floor of the monument, a marble sarcophagus held
  the bones of the fallen heroes in battle. In the
  remaining 7 floors exposed exposure, which tells
  of the heroism of Russian soldiers and Bulgarian
  volunteers during the five-month defense of
  Shipka. It includes a rich collection of orders
  and medals, photographs and documentary material
  weapons. There is a copy of the Samara flag.

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