ICTs and (Climate Change) Adaptation in Developing Countries

1
ICTs and (Climate Change) Adaptation in
Developing Countries

• Richard Heeks
• Centre for Development Informatics
• University of Manchester, UK
• http//www.manchester.ac.uk/cdi

Centre for Development Informatics
2
C
ICTs, Climate Change Development Model
Mitigation (Causes)
Strategy
Adaptation (Effects)
Physical Consumption -Dematerialisation of
Goods/Services Journey Substitution
e-Enabled -Carbon Markets -Decision-Making -Polic
y networks -Awareness/Capacity-Building -Technolog
y Transfer
Application Areas / CC Related Vulnerabilities -So
cio-polítical -Livelihoods Finance -Health -Habi
tat -Food (Agriculture) -Water
Physical Production -Shift to Knowledge Economy
Energy Generation Distribution -Smart Power/Grid

• ICTs Adaptation Role
• -Measuring
• -Informing Networking
• -Deciding
• Predicting (Risk, Early Warning)
• Planning (inc. Local Mitigation)
• Coping (Short-Term/ Disaster)
• Adapting (Long-Term)
• -Transacting
• -Producing
• -Mobility

Monitoring
Energy Use Manufacture Use -ICTs (Green vs.
Brown IT) -Smart Motors/Logistics -Smart Building
Design -Smart Transport
-CC Data Capture -CC Data Processing -CC Data
Presentation and Dissemination
3
BoP Shocks and Vulnerabilities
Shocks
Vulnerabilities
Disaster
Illness
Poverty
Personal Insecurity
Water Shortage
Environmental Degradation
Food Insecurity
4
National Climate Change Adaptation . . . and ICTs
ICT 1. Informed Decision-Making
ICT 2. Stakeholder Engagement

• Vulnerability risk assessments
• National Communications
• NAPAs
• Pilot projects

Task 3b Monitoring Evaluation
ICT 4. Feedback and Learning
ICT 3. Adaptation Delivery
Task 2b Formulate Adaptation Options
Task 1 Synthesise Knowledge
Task 2c Select Adaptation Measures
Task 2d Formulate Adaptation Strategy
Task 2a Design Adaptation Strategy
Task 3a Implementation
ICT 5. Institutional Capacity-Building
Inclusion in National Development Plans
Projects for Funding
Indicators
5
Sectoral Climate Change Adaptation . . . and ICTs
GIS/Remote Sensing
Sensor Networks
Vulnerabilities
Disaster
Illness
Poverty
Personal Insecurity
Water Shortage
Telecentres
Social Media
Environmental Degradation
Food Insecurity
Community Radio
Mobile Phones
6
Community Climate Change Adaptation . . . and
e-Resilience
Vulnerability Dimensions
Vulnerability Context
Livelihood System
Development Outcomes
System Levels

• Livelihood Determinants
• Assets
• Institutions
• Structures

Livelihood Capabilities
Functionings
MACRO
Acute Shocks
Chronic Trends
MESO
ADAPTATION/ADAPTIVE ACTIONS
MICRO
Climate Change
e-Resilience
Resilience Sub-properties
ICTs
Robustness
Scale
Redundancy
Flexibility
Self-organisation
Learning
Equality
Rapidity
7
Integrate, Dont Isolate
8
Be Janus-Headed About Technology
9
Embrace the Current Informatics Ecosystem
People Processes
Networks
Hardware
Software
Radio/Etc
Knowledge
Information
Data
10
Check The Time Its the 21st Not 20th Century
11
More Hands On Deck fore-Adaptation
12
Useful Links

• NICDD Project Website www.niccd.org
• Online Network on ICTs, Climate Change
• Development
• http//groups.google.co.uk/group/niccd
• Blog http//niccd.wordpress.com/