Title: Alexandria
1Alexandria Digital Library Project
University of California, Santa Barbara
http//www.alexandria.ucsb.edu/
2Textual- Geospatial Integration Project
Aerial photos
Maps
NSF National Science Digital Library
Project 2001-2003
3Project Goals
- Extend NSDL infrastructure by enabling
- geographic queries
- for text and non-text items across heterogeneous
digital libraries - geographic referencing
- of arbitrary texts without explicit geographic
cataloging
4Participants
- University of California,Santa Barbara
- James Frew, PI
- Terence Smith
- Michael Bueno
- Linda Hill
- Information Retrieval Lab, Illinois Institute of
Technology - Ophir Frieder
- David Grossman
- Eric Jensen
The American Geological Institute (AGI) has
permitted us to use a set of their GeoRef records
for system training.
5Geospatially-
- Whats here?
- Find library objects associated with a given
location - Place name(s)
- Footprint (geographic extent)
- Wheres this?
- Find the location(s) associated with a given
library object
6Augmented Search
- Examples Queries from TREC-9
- Find documents that contain residential real
estate listings within New Jersey. - Find reports on automobile traffic in the
Washington, DC metropolitan area. - What forms of entertainment are available in
Newport Beach, California?
7The stages
lookup in gazetteer
- gazetteer entries
- names
- footprints
Oral histories
- georeferenced facts
- placenames
- IN
- ENVIRONS
- PIECE OF
- feature types
spatial analysis
identify best footprint
geo-parsing
8The evaluation
9Example Text
- title Stress-induced borehole elongation a
comparison between the four-arm dipmeter and the
borehole televiewer in the Auburn geothermal well
- keys applications Auburn borehole breakouts
boreholes caliper logging Cayuga County New
York deformation dipmeter logging
elongation field studies fractures
geophysical surveys instruments New York
patterns preferred orientation rock mechanics
spallations stress structural analysis
surveys televiewers United States
well-logging - abstract The nature and origin of borehole
elongation recorded by the four-arm dipmeter
calipers is studied utilizing information
obtained from hydraulic fracturing stress
measurements and borehole televiewer data taken
in a well located in Auburn, New York. A
preferred orientation N10 degrees W-S10 degrees
E, or -10 degrees and a less prominant E-W
orientation of borehole elongation, was observed
on two runs of the dipmeter. Comparisons of
borehole geometry determined using the televiewer
and the dipmeter show that both tools give the
same orientation of borehole elongation provided
that the zone of elongation is longer than 30 cm.
Comparisons of dipmeter caliper data with
orientation of in situ stress and natural
fractures, obtained from hydrofracturing tests
and televiewer data show that the N10 degrees
W-S10 degrees E borehole elongations (1) are
axisymmetric, (2) are aligned with the minimum
horizontal stress S (sub h) and (3) are not
associated with natural fractures intersecting
the well. These elongations are interpreted as
stress-induced well bore breakouts. The E-W
elongation direction is characterized by an
assymmetric borehole cross section in thinly
bedded rocks and is not caused by breakouts. This
assymmetric geometry can be discriminated from
breakouts using the oriented electric
measurements provided by the dipmeter. This study
demonstrates that the dipmeter can be used to
determine the orientation of S (sub h) confirming
the results of earlier less detailed studies, and
provides a firm basis for mapping regional stress
patterns using existing dipmeter data.--Modified
journal abstract - GeoRef bibliographic record from the TGI test set
of 7523 records
10Manual Analysis
11Geoparsing
fact (name?, type?, footprint?,
related-fact?, certainty, importance)
blue valid fact green partially valid
fact red invalid fact
- Geoparsing scoring
- valid fact 1
- partially valid fact 0.25
- invalid fact 0
- Geoparsing performance
- parser recall 4.25/6 0.71
- parser precision 4.25/8 0.53
12Gazlookup
- operator equals (exact match)
- auburn .. 37 entries
- new york .. 18 entries
- united states .. 1 entry
- cayuga county .. 1 entry
- auburn new .. 0
- county new .. 0
- york .. 50 entries
- TOTAL 105
- Gazlookup performance
- lookup recall 3/4 0.75
- lookup precision 3/105 0.03
13Scatter of points
Scatter of 105 points from equals Gazlookup
Baseline clustering
Clustered points (67) in the US and Canada
14Derived footprint
GeoRef footprint
Derived footprint from points
Very low spatial similarity between TGI box and
reference box from GeoRef
Footprint for equals lookup data and simple
clustering, compared to GeoRef footprint
15Statistics redux
- Based on comparison of automated processes to
manual analysis and GeoRef box for one sample
record - Geoparsing
- Recall .. 0.71
- Precision . 0.53
- Gazlookup
- Recall .. 0.75
- Precision . 0.03
- TBI bounding box
- Recall .. 0.75
- Precision ... 0.05
- Similarity to reference .. 0
16Next steps
- Set new conditions
-
- Find settings that give good results for 10 test
records - Run 7,524 GeoRef test records through TGI
- Calculate similarity of TGI boxes to GeoRef boxes
- Choose 10 new test records for manual analysis
from best worst results - Reset conditions
- Repeat