CAREERS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE

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CAREERS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE

• Phlebotomist/Lab Assistant
• Cytologist/Histologist
• Pathologist
• Medical Technologist

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Phlebotomist/Lab Assistant

• Works directly with patients
• Collects blood samples from patients
• Delivers specimens to Lab personnel for testing
• Education High School Diploma
• On the job training or
• Completion of phlebotomy course at an accredited
  school

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Phlebotomy

• The obtaining of blood specimens by venipuncture
  or capillary puncture
• Use of Vacutainers, syringes, needles,
  butterflies, finger lancets
• What do all those different colored tubes mean?

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Cytologist/Histologist

• Histologist prepares very thin sections of body
  tissues for microscopic exam by pathologist
• Cytologist examines cells under the microscope
  for early signs of cancer other diseases
• Education
• Bachelor of Science Degree
• Completion of a clinical rotation in accredited
  Cytology Program
• National Licensure by American Society of
  Clinical Pathology (ASCP)

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Histology/Cytology

• Pathologists examines tissue or specimen removed
  in surgery (gross exam)
• Tissue is processed embedded into wax blocks
• Very thin shavings made from blocks
• Mounted onto slide stained
• Examined microscopically by Pathologist

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Pathologist

• Medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis of
  disease
• Medical Director of the laboratory
• Performs autopsies
• Examines tissues blood smears for presence of
  disease
• Education
• 4 year college
• Medical school
• 5 year Residency
• MD licensure
• Pass Pathology Clinical Anatomical Boards

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Medical Technologist

• Perform a multitude of tests on all types of body
  fluids (blood, CSF, urine, feces, semen, sputum,
  synovial fluid, etc.)
• Information they gather, helps doctors to
  diagnose disease
• Education
• Bachelor of Science Degree
• Completion of a clinical rotation in accredited
  Medical Technology Program
• National Licensure by American Society of
  Clinical Pathology (ASCP)

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Inside the Lab

• Phlebotomy
• Hematology/Coagulation
• Blood Bank
• Chemistry/Special Chemistry
• Serology/Urinalysis
• Microbiology
• Histology/Pathology

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Hematology/Coagulation

• Hematology is the study of the cells that make up
  blood (White blood cells, Red blood cells, and
  Platelets)
• Coagulation is the study of the process in which
  the blood clots or coagulates

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Blood Bank

• Four types of Blood
• A
• B Rh Factor
• AB -positive
• O -negative
• Compatibility testing

• What can be transfused at FAMC?
• Red Blood Cells
• Platelets
• Fresh Frozen Plasma
• An average adults body contains 8 to 10 units of
  blood

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Chemistry/Special Chemistry

• Most of the testing done in these 2 depts. are
  done on complex machines or instruments involve
  chemical reactions
• Tests performed on serum or plasma portion of the
  blood
• We can test all the major organ systems
• Heart - Gallbladder
• Liver - Bones
• Kidney - Digestive system
• Lungs - Prostate
• Thyroid Hormones
• Cancer/Tumor Markers

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New Beckman Coulter LXi 725
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Serology Urinalysis

• Serologyantigen/antibody detection
• Mono
• Pregnancy
• Urinalysischemical analysis of urine
• Infections
• Kidney stones

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Microbiology

• The study of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and
  fungi
• Normal flora vs. Pathogens
• Organism identification and selection of
  antibiotics

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