3-D Stream Restoration Design, Monitoring and Beyond

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3-D Stream Restoration Design, Monitoring and
Beyond

• David Bidelspach, PE - Stantec Consulting
• Greg Jennings, PE NCSU BAE
• Dan Clinton, PE Town of Cary
• Barbara Doll, PE NC Sea Grant

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We are living in a 3-D World

• DESIGN
• MODELING
• RE-DESIGN Design Iterations
• CONSTRUCTION
• MONITORING
• BEYOND What is next

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What is a 3-D Design

• Eagle Point
• Surv-CAD
• Geo-Pak
• Land Desktop
• Autodesk Civil Series
• RiverMorph?
• HEC-RAS?

- Manage Points - Define Alignments - Create
Points from Alignments - Build Surfaces
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What is a 3-D Design

• Eagle Point
• Surv-CAD
• Geo-Pak
• Land Desktop
• Autodesk Civil Series
• RiverMorph ?
• HEC-RAS ?

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Benefits - of 3-D Design

• Hydraulic Modeling is Not Limited
• Easier to Create Design Revisions and Iterations
• Better Estimate of Quantities
• Optimization of Project Reaches
• Constructability
• Assist in Construction Stakeout
• GPS Guided Construction Equipment
• Good Check for On-site Stupidity During
  Construction

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3-D Design Existing Surface
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3-D Design Valley Slope
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3D- Morph Table, Entrainment NCD River Course II
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3-D Design Constraints and Thalweg
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3D Design Beltwidth
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3-D Design - Layout and Design
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3D Breaklines for Surface
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3D Layout and Design
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3-D Design - Modeling Summary

• Engineering to Check and Design
• Sediment, Backwater, Velocity, Shear Stress
• HEC-RAS Limitations
• 1-D only
• cannot model actual flow around bends, in
  constrictions, or other 2-D, 3-D flows
• cannot model channel-floodplain interactions

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HEC-RAS .. 3-D?
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HEC-RAS 2 Geometry Files
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HEC-RAS
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HEC-RAS
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3D 2D Modeling
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3D Simulations for Design
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Re-Design, Constructability
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Optimization
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Optimization
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3-D Construction ?
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3-D Construction

• Limited construction oversight
• As-built conditions surveyed during construction
• Efficient digging

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GPS Construction DemoDecember 6th-7th 2006
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Top Con GPS Hardware Installation 12-04-06 8 hrs
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Traditional Cut Stake
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Traditional Laser Level Setup
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GPS Sensors on Bucket and Stick
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GPS Sensors on Boom and Stick
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Nightly removal of GPS antennas
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GPS Demo
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GPS Display in Cab of Cat 325
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GPS Rover and Grade Rodman
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3-D MonitoringData Analysis

• Shows current condition of the project
• Compares current condition to previous years
• Shows how stream is functioning
• Shows trends and direction

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3D - Monitoring

• Photo Documentation
• Profile Analysis - 3D Surveys
• Cross-sectional Analysis - 3D Surveys
• Planform Analysis - CAD

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3D Surveys vs. 1-D Surveys
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3D Surveys vs. 1-D Surveys
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Example Photo Point Photo Point 19
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Photo Objectives in Plan View
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Profile Analysis

• Utilize CAD Program if data collected with the
  use of a Total Station
• Alignment set at as-built time
• Allows for direct comparison of stationing
• Alter alignment if channel migrates
  significantly
• Record thalweg length annually
• Survey at the thalweg based on stream feature

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Pool Length 13 ft to 43 ft
Pool Length 84 ft to 71ft
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Pool Length 13 ft to 43 ft
Pool Length 84 ft to 71ft
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Profile Analysis

• Utilize CAD Program if data collected with the
  use of a Total Station
• Alignment set at as-built time
• Allows for direct comparison of stationing
• Alter alignment if channel migrates
  significantly
• Record thalweg length annually
• Survey at the thalweg based on stream feature

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Profile Analysis

• Plot
• Thalweg
• Water Surface
• Bankfull (Design)
• Bankfull (Depositional Bench)

• Top of Bank
• Vanes and other structures

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Creating Stationing from Survey Points

• Create Stationing Based on a Baseline
• Thalweg Baseline vs. Centerline Baseline
• Exporting Points Based on a Baseline Alignment
• Changing description keys for River Morph of
  other software programs
• AutoCAD, Micro-Station, Eagle Point, Arc-View,
  and SurvCAD

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Profile from Baseline
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Using a Base Alignment
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Using a Base Alignment
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Profile from Thalweg
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Using the Stream Profile
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Example Profile
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Example Structure Profiles
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Surveying Stream Features
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Surveying Stream Features
Looking upstream at Cross Vane Sta 400
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Placement of Pin Flags
Looking downstream at Cross Vane Sta 500
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Profile Analysis

• Calculations
• Lengths and Slopes of stream features
• From Excel / CAD
• Spacing of stream features
• Locations of features with respect to planform
• Report Minimum, Maximum and Median for length,
  spacing and slope in summary table

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Cross-section Analysis

• Utilize CAD Program if data collected has been
  collected with a Total Station
• Alignment and stationing are set at as-built time
• Allows for direct comparison of stationing
• Allows for easier data collection

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Cross-section Analysis

• Bankfull Line
• Top of Bank Line (if appropriate)
• Survey Bank Profiles

• Plot
• Channel bed
• End Pins

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Cross-section Analysis

• Calculations
• Bankfull Area
• Bankfull Width
• Bankfull Mean Depth
• Bankfull Maximum Depth
• Floodprone Width
• Width/depth Ratio
• Entrenchment Ratio

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Cross-section Calculations

• Notes of Caution
• Area must be calculated based on the same datum
  year after year
• Area can be calculated based on bankfull
  deposition but the standard should be the
  designed bankfull
• Survey line must be consistent year after year

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Cross Section Location
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Planform Analysis

• Utilize CAD Program if data collected on Total
  Station
• Most variable of all measurements
• Field measurements very difficult and most
  variable
• Works best if as-built to designed underlain
  current monitoring

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Planform Analysis

• Results
• Radius of Curvature
• Meander Wave Length
• Channel Belt Width
• Valley Length

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Planform Analysis
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Planform AnalysisRadius Of Curvature
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Planform AnalysisBelt Width and MeanderWavelength
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Planform ExampleOverlay As-build
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And Beyond ? The more I learn the less I
know
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Contact Information ?

• David Bidelspach
• Stantec Raleigh NC
• 919-218-0864
• David_Bidelspach_at_ncsu.edu
• David.Bidelspach_at_stantec.com